IEEE 1484 13 1-2012 en Learning Technology-Conceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning Education and Training (IEEE Computer Society)《学习技术的IEEE标准 学习 .pdf

《IEEE 1484 13 1-2012 en Learning Technology-Conceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning Education and Training (IEEE Computer Society)《学习技术的IEEE标准 学习 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《IEEE 1484 13 1-2012 en Learning Technology-Conceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning Education and Training (IEEE Computer Society)《学习技术的IEEE标准 学习 .pdf（148页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、 IEEE Standard for Learning TechnologyConceptual Model for Resource Aggregation or Learning, Education, and Training fIEEE Computer Society SLponsored by the earning Technology Standards Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 29 June 2012 IEEE Std 1484.13.1-2012IEEE Std 1484.13.1-2

2、012 IEEE Standard for Learning TechnologyConceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning, Education, and Training Sponsor Learning Technology Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society Approved 29 March 2012 IEEE-SA Standards Board Permissions Scope notes for the object properties dcter

3、ms:hasPart and dcterms:isPartOf in 8.2 and 8.6, respectively, are reprinted with permission from Dublin CoreMetadata Initiative Recommendation (10 November 2010), DCMI Metadata Terms, http:/dublincore.org/ documents/ 2010/10/11/dcmi-terms/. Copyright 2010. Dublin Core Metadata Initiative http:/www.d

4、ublincore.org/about/copyright/. Licensed under http:/creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/3.0/. The graphics legends shown in Figure F.1 and Figure G.1 in Annex F and Annex G, respectively, are reprinted with permission from Revelytix, Inc. 20062012. Abstract: A conceptual model for interpreting extern

5、alized representations of digital aggregations of resources for learning, education, and training is defined. The conceptual model is defined as an ontology. Internal compositions and uses of digital resources are not specified nor are processing methods for resource aggregations. Keywords: aggregat

6、ion format, conceptual model, content aggregation, digital aggregation, digital resource, IEEE 1484.13.1, resource aggregation, resource aggregation format The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2012 by The Institute of Elect

7、rical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 29 June 2012. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtaine

8、d through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. ivNotice to users Laws and regulations Users of IEEE Standards documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of any IEEE Standards document does not imply compliance to

9、any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may

10、 not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engine

11、ering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE Standards documents should be aware that these documents may be supe

12、rseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in

13、 effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/index.html or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more in

14、formation about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/index.html. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. U

15、sers are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to the existen

16、ce or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters of Assur

17、ance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Copyright

18、 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. vEssential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Cla

19、ims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent ri

20、ghts, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. viParticipants At the time this IEEE standard was completed, the Resource Aggregation Models for

21、 Learning, Education, and Training (RAMLET) Working Group had the following membership: Kerry Blinco, Chair Scott Lewis, Technical Editor Nancy Hoebelheinrich Willem Kraan Katrien Verbert The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for

22、 approval, disapproval, or abstention. Charles Barest Kerry Blinco Mitchell Bonnett Keith Chow Geoffrey Darnton Ryan Dellolio David Fuschi Randall Groves Rutger A. Heunks Nancy Hoebelheinrich Werner Hoelzl Don Holmes Noriyuki Ikeuchi Mark Jaeger Piotr Karocki Fanny Klett Willem Kraan Susan Land Greg

23、 Luri David Massart Michael S. Newman Daniel Rehak Tyde Richards Bartien Sayogo Gil Shultz Steven Smith Thomas Starai Gerald Stueve Marcy Stutzman Katrien Verbert John Vergis When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 29 March 2012, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett,

24、 Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past Chair Satish Aggarwal Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma William Bartley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted

25、 Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Mike Seavey Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Julie Alessi IEEE Standards Program Manager, D

26、ocument Development Michael D. Kipness IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program DevelopmentCopyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. viiIntroduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1484.13.1-2012, IEEE Standard for Learning TechnologyConceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for L

27、earning, Education, and Training. This standard defines a conceptual model for interpreting externalized representations of digital aggregations of resources for learning, education, and training. The conceptual model is defined as an ontology. Internal compositions and uses of digital resources are

28、 not specified nor are processing methods for resource aggregations. Acknowledgments The Resource Aggregation Models for Learning, Education, and Training (RAMLET) Working Group would like to thank the following people for their contributions and comments during the formative stages of this standard

29、: Andy Heath, Rolf Lindner, Claude Ostyn, Daniel Rehak, Tyde Richards, Robby Robson, Christian Stracke, and Rob Wolfe. The Working Group would also like to thank Revelytix, Inc., for making available the Knoodlontology tools that were used to aid in the development and maintenance of the ontology fi

30、les and to create the graphical representations in Annex G and Annex H.aaKnoodl is a registered trademark of Revelytix, Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute an endorsement by the IEEE of these products. Equivalent products may be used i

31、f they can be shown to lead to the same results. Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. viiiContents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 2 3.1 Definitions . 2 3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 5 4. Special terms 7 5. Class

32、 and property prefix definitions 7 6. Conformance 7 6.1 Conforming aggregation instances 8 6.2 Conforming bindings. 8 6.3 Conforming mappings . 8 6.4 Conforming extensions of the core ontology. 8 6.5 Conforming transforming implementations. 8 7. Conceptual modelclasses 9 7.1 ramlet:administrativeDes

33、criptorObject 9 7.2 ramlet:admRef . 9 7.3 ramlet:aggregationID. 10 7.4 ramlet:aggregationSchema 10 7.5 ramlet:aggregationSchemaVersion 11 7.6 ramlet:aggregationType. 11 7.7 ramlet:alternateID 11 7.8 ramlet:altResourceRef . 12 7.9 ramlet:anchor. 12 7.10 ramlet:anchorType. 13 7.11 ramlet:assertion 13

34、7.12 ramlet:beginPoint. 14 7.13 ramlet:cardinalityLabel 14 7.14 ramlet:checksum 14 7.15 ramlet:checksumType 15 7.16 ramlet:choice . 15 7.17 ramlet:componentTarget 16 7.18 ramlet:condition. 16 7.19 ramlet:coordinates . 16 7.20 ramlet:creationDate . 17 7.21 ramlet:defaultSelection 17 7.22 ramlet:descr

35、iptiveDescriptorObject. 18 7.23 ramlet:descriptiveRef. 18 7.24 ramlet:descriptorObject . 18 7.25 ramlet:descriptorTypeIndicator . 20 7.26 ramlet:digitalResource. 20 7.27 ramlet:digitalResourceFragment 20 7.28 ramlet:dynamicStructure 21 7.29 ramlet:dynamicStructureID . 21 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rig

36、hts reserved. ix7.30 ramlet:dynamicStructureType . 22 7.31 ramlet:elementID. 22 7.32 ramlet:encodingType . 23 7.33 ramlet:endPoint 23 7.34 ramlet:except . 24 7.35 ramlet:extent 24 7.36 ramlet:false 24 7.37 ramlet:fileDescriptor 25 7.38 ramlet:fileSize 25 7.39 ramlet:functionalResourceGroup. 26 7.40

37、ramlet:generatingTool 26 7.41 ramlet:generatingToolVersion. 26 7.42 ramlet:groupingID . 27 7.43 ramlet:hasOrder . 27 7.44 ramlet:hasRank 28 7.45 ramlet:humanLanguage . 28 7.46 ramlet:icon. 29 7.47 ramlet:identifierType . 29 7.48 ramlet:intendedUse 29 7.49 ramlet:interfaceDefLink 30 7.50 ramlet:intra

38、AggregationLink . 30 7.51 ramlet:inventory. 31 7.52 ramlet:localRef 31 7.53 ramlet:locator. 32 7.54 ramlet:locatorDescriptor 32 7.55 ramlet:maxSelections. 33 7.56 ramlet:mimeType. 33 7.57 ramlet:minSelections . 34 7.58 ramlet:modificationDate 34 7.59 ramlet:nodeID 34 7.60 ramlet:nodeVisibility . 35

39、7.61 ramlet:note. 35 7.62 ramlet:parallel 36 7.63 ramlet:party 36 7.64 ramlet:partyEmail 37 7.65 ramlet:partyName 37 7.66 ramlet:partyRole 37 7.67 ramlet:partyType . 38 7.68 ramlet:partyURI. 38 7.69 ramlet:provenance . 39 7.70 ramlet:remoteDescriptorObject . 39 7.71 ramlet:remoteNode 39 7.72 ramlet:

40、remoteResource 40 7.73 ramlet:remoteTopNode 40 7.74 ramlet:require. 41 7.75 ramlet:resourceAggregation 41 7.76 ramlet:resourceGroup 41 7.77 ramlet:resourceIntraAggregationLink . 42 7.78 ramlet:resourceProcessing . 42 7.79 ramlet:resourceProcessingAlgorithm. 43 7.80 ramlet:resourceProcessingBehavior.

41、 43 7.81 ramlet:resourceProcessingKey. 44 7.82 ramlet:resourceProcessingSet 44 7.83 ramlet:resourceProcessingType. 45 7.84 ramlet:resourceType 45 7.85 ramlet:resourceWrapper 45 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. x7.86 ramlet:resourceWrapperSet . 46 7.87 ramlet:rights. 46 7.88 ramlet:selection

42、 47 7.89 ramlet:shapeIndicator 47 7.90 ramlet:source . 47 7.91 ramlet:staticStructure. 48 7.92 ramlet:staticStructureSet 48 7.93 ramlet:staticStructureType. 49 7.94 ramlet:status. 49 7.95 ramlet:stream . 50 7.96 ramlet:streamType . 50 7.97 ramlet:structRef . 50 7.98 ramlet:structureNode . 51 7.99 ra

43、mlet:structureNodeType . 51 7.100 ramlet:technicalDescriptorObject 52 7.101 ramlet:textType 52 7.102 ramlet:title 53 7.103 ramlet:topNode 53 7.104 ramlet:transformOrdering 55 7.105 ramlet:true 55 7.106 ramlet:virtualResourceGroup. 56 7.107 ramlet:wholeAggregationDescriptorObject. 56 8. Conceptual mo

44、delobject properties 57 8.1 ramlet:describes. 57 8.2 dcterms:hasPart 57 8.3 ramlet:includes. 58 8.4 ramlet:isDescribedBy 58 8.5 ramlet:isIncludedBy. 58 8.6 dcterms:isPartOf 58 8.7 ramlet:isReferencedBy 59 8.8 ramlet:references . 59 9. Conceptual modeldata types. 59 9.1 xsd:anyURI 60 9.2 xsd:base64Bi

45、nary. 60 9.3 xsd:positiveInteger. 60 9.4 xsd:string . 60 9.5 xsd:token 60 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 61 Annex B (informative) Conceptual overview. 64 Annex C (informative) Ontologiesa brief primer . 69 Annex D (informative) Use cases. 71 Annex E (informative) Mapping of the XML Linking Lan

46、guage mapping ontology to the conceptual model for resource aggregation. 82 Annex F (informative) Graphical representations of RAMLET classes. 88 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. xiAnnex G (informative) Graphical representations of RAMLET properties . 130 Annex H (normative) Internet availa

47、bility and use of the Turtle representations of the conceptual model and XLink mapping 133 Annex I (informative) Internet availability and use of the RDF/XML representations of the conceptual model and XLink mapping 134 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Standard for Learning Technology

48、Conceptual Model for Resource Aggregation for Learning, Education, and Training IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, health, or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from other devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards doc

49、uments are responsible for determining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed