山西省大同市第一中学2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期中试卷（含解析）.doc

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1、- 1 -20182019-1 高一年级期中考试英语试题一、阅读理解（共两节，满分 40分）第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （共 15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分）AHave you ever lost your car on a parking lot? You dont have a clue where your car is after shopping. Then you start walking around clicking on your car keys so the alarm goes off

2、. It can be annoying, especially on a hot sunny day.No, you neednt install (安装) an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car. Thats too expensive. You would need to pay a monthly fee to use it.But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune? Yes, now there is! A California-b

3、ased company has created a tiny device that works with your smartphone, which could be exactly what youre looking for!What is it?Its called TrackR. It is a state-of-the-art tracking device the size of a coin. Its changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives.How does it work?It

4、s easy! Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and youre ready to go! Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on. The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less.You can attach it to your keys, briefcase, wallet, your latest t

5、ech gadgets and anything else you dont want to lose. Then use the TrackR app to locate your missing item in seconds.If you forget where you have parked your car, pull out your smartphone and open the TrackR app. Tap on the “find device” button on the screen and the app will tell you the exact spot o

6、f the last known location of the TrackR.What else can I do with TrackR?- 2 -The device is small and unnoticeable enough that you can attach it to your pet. Put it on their collar, and the issue of searching for them when they run away to nearby places will be over! Youll never waste a minute searchi

7、ng the whole house for it.TrackR even comes with a double-sided glue (胶水) so you can stick it to your laptop or under your bike seat. Track down and punish the thieves who steal your expensive things!How much does it cost?Youre probably thinking that this device is very expensive. False! TrackR only

8、 costs $29! Thats a small price to pay for peace of mind, isnt it?Where can I buy one?You can buy it directly from the companys website by clicking here https: /buy. thetrackr. co/gu/special- offers/15/.1. From the passage, we learn that TrackR can _.A. take good care of your pets at homeB. help you

9、 locate your important thingsC. work better after you pay monthly feeD. track your wallet through GPS system2. This passage is mainly developed by _.A. providing statistics B. giving examplesC. answering questions D. making comparisons3. Where is this passage most likely taken from?A. A research rep

10、ort. B. A website.C. A personal blog. D. A journal.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一种新型的 APP TrackR，能帮助我们定位重要的东西。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 What is it?中 Its changing the way we keep track of the - 3 -important things in our lives.可知 TrackR改变了生活中我们定位重要东西的方式，能帮助定位重要的东西，故选 B。【2 题详解】篇章结构题。文章前半部分先介

11、绍背景引出 TrackR，下文是通过问问题，回答问题的方式来让读者了解 TrackR，所以作者是通过回答问题来组织文章的，故选 C。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 You can buy it directly from the companys website by clicking here https: /buy. thetrackr. co/gu/special- offers/15/.可知文章最有可能来自于网站，故选 B。BWe moved to Elmont in 1956. I was 4 years old. Elmont was a wonderful place

12、 to grow up. There were lots of kids, great schools and we had a big yard. My father, Nicholas Denaro, believed that grass was not just to look at, but that children were meant to play on it. We played games and badminton there. A white fence separated our backyard from a small wood. My friends and

13、I jumped the fence and entered the woods.My father had the most amazing hand. He could fix anything. He gave those amazing hands to his son, my younger brother, Frank, who also became handy around the house. But my father saved his green fingers for me. He grew flowers, tomatoes, strawberries and fi

14、gs（无花果） and he shared his love of gardening with me.Fourteen years ago, I went to a local nursery and bought a fig tree for Dad for Fathers Day. My mother, Bridget Denaro, called it the best gift I could have given him. He planted it exactly in the middle of the front yard.He loved that tree and enj

15、oyed delicious figs every year, except just after Sandy hit in 2012. He was so disappointed when cold weather just after the super storm froze all the remaining figs.In 2015, my father died of aspirating pneumonia(呼吸性肺炎) at 97. We sold our family home of 61 years last year. We left behind Dads tree,

16、 full of figs waiting to ripen. We considered taking it with us, but decided that his - 4 -Fathers Day fig tree belonged to Elmont. The new owner generously allowed me to take some branches so that I could have a precious reminder of my much-loved father and the Elmont home.4. What can we learn abou

17、t the author from the first paragraph?A. She grew up in a city. B. She liked climbing trees.C. She had a happy childhood. D. She was naughty and stubborn.5. What did Father teach the author?A. How to garden well. B. How to play games.C. How to color fingers. D. How to fix everything.6. Why did Fathe

18、r fail to enjoy figs in 2012?A. He was ill in hospital. B. The cold hit the fig tree.C. The tree didnt bear figs. D. He moved to another city.7. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To show her love of figs. B. To share her childhood.C. To remember her father. D. To introduce her exper

19、ience.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过对童年的回忆，目的是为了纪念她的父亲。【4 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中 There were lots of kids, great schools and we had a big yard. Having grown up a city kid, my father, Nicholas Denaro, believed that grass was not just to look at, but that children were meant to play on it. We playe

20、d games and badminton there.可知，作者有一个幸福的童年。故选 C。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 my father saved his green fingers for me. He grew flowers, tomatoes, strawberries and figs and he shared his love of gardening with me.可知，父亲教作者如何做好园艺。故选 A。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 He loved that tree and enjoyed delicious figs every year, e

21、xcept just after Sandy hit in 2012. He was so disappointed when cold weather - 5 -just after the superstorm froze all the remaining figs.可知，父亲在 2012年不喜欢吃无花果是因为寒冷袭击了无花果树。故选 B。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句 The new owners generously allowed me to take some branches so that I could have a precious reminder of

22、 my much-loved father and the Elmont home.可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念她的父亲。故选 C。CFor thousands of years, people thought of glass as something beautiful to look at. Only in large glass windows. Glass bottles and jars that hold food and drink allow us to see the contents. Glass is used to make eyeglasses, micro

23、scopes, telescopes, and many other extremely useful and necessary things.Until the Second World War, most of the glass used for optical (光学的) instruments was imported from Europe. However, during the war Americans could not get European glass, and they were forced to make their own. Therefore, new k

24、inds of glass were developed that had been previously unknown. These new effects were achieved by mixing other chemical elements with the sand. Some of the new glass is very strong and can resist many kinds of shocks. Legend (传说) has it that a kind of very hard glass was invented by a Roman who show

25、ed his discovery to the Emperor. When the Emperor saw the glass he feared that it would become more valuable than gold and sliver, making his treasure worthless. Therefore, he had the glass-maker killed, and the secret was not discovered again for hundreds of years.In the present century, safety gla

26、ss was invented for use in modem cars and planes. Safety glass is made by placing a layer of plastic between two layers of plate glass. When the outside layer of glass is broken, the pieces do not scatter (散开) and injure people. Some glass of the type is strong enough to resist bullets (子弹).Although

27、 nowadays plastics have replaced glass under conditions where glass might be easily broken, there are new uses being developed, for the greatest advantage of glass is that its component (组成的) parts are inexpensive and can - 6 -be found all over the world.8. As time goes by glass_.A. is seen as more

28、than decoration (装饰).B. is used to make things look pleasantC. is regarded as transparent (透明的).D. is widely used to replace steel in making containers9. Why did Americans make their own glass during the Second World War?A. They were able to make a new kind of glass.B. The glass made in Europe was o

29、ut of date.C. They refused to use the European glass.D. The war blocked the way of glass import.10. Why does the author tell us the legend?A. To prove the Roman was the first inventor of hard glass.B. To give some information about hard glass.C. To support the Americans were as clever as the Romans.

30、D. To provide a historical event concerned with hard glass.11. Why are new uses of glass being developed?A. Because glass is not as safe as plastics.B. Because glass is not as strong and durable as plastics.C. Because glass is cheap and easily found.D. Because glass is more and more widely used.【答案】

31、8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了玻璃的发展史。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 Glass is used to make eyeglasses, microscopes, telescopes, and many other extremely useful and necessary things.可知，玻璃发展到现代，其用途已经不仅仅局限在装饰方面，所以答案是 A。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 However, during the war Americans could not get European - 7 -glass

32、, and they were forced to make their own. 可知在二战期间美国自己研制玻璃是因为战争阻碍了玻璃进口，所以答案是 D。【10 题详解】目的意图题。作者在第二段讲述了关于硬玻璃发明者的传说，是为了向读者介绍更多关于硬玻璃的信息，故选 B。【11 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句for the greatest advantage of glass is that its component (组成的) parts are inexpensive and can be found all over the world. 可知玻璃的用途被发展是因为玻璃容易获

33、得，且不昂贵，所以答案是 C。DParents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table. Just three minutes extra at a family mealtime could help prevent child obesity. Research found that among poor families, the extra minutes at mealtimes made great improvement of a normal

34、 weight for the youth. The factors are likely to be communication and the importance of a scheduled mealtime.Dr Barbara Fiese said, “Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week, weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes. Over time, those extra minutes

35、per meal add up and become really powerful.”The researchers studied 200 family mealtimes, testing the effects of factors and mealtime behavior of families with children in primary school. They found that families, who said that shared mealtimes were an important part of family life and had special m

36、eaning for them, were less likely to have an obese child. Similarly, families, who talked more together and interacted more positively during the meal, were more likely to have healthy-weight children.Teaching low-income families how to make the most of family mealtimes was a wise idea. Dr Fiese sai

37、d, “This is something we can target and teach.” She added, “Its also important to recognize the increasing differences of families and their sometimes complex living arrangements that may challenge - 8 -their abilities to plan ahead and arrange a single time to communicate with each other.”Families

38、in poorer US neighborhoods faced a lot of problems, including poor access to healthy food. But even so, regular high quality family mealtimes made a difference to the childrens weight. Dr Fiese said, “Three to four extra minutes per meal will make a healthy weight more possible.”12. According to the

39、 passage, to have a healthy-weight child, parents should _.A. limit the food for each meal B. increase their eating timeC. shorten the mealtime D. make them eat healthy food13. How much time is reasonable for one meal according to the passage?A. About 15 minutes. B. About 17 minutes.C. About 20 minu

40、tes. D. About 30 minutes.14. Why does a longer mealtime make a difference to a normal weight?A. Because people can have a good rest as they eat meals.B. Because people can have time to choose what they like.C. Because people can use mealtimes to do other things.D. Because people can communicate more

41、 in the scheduled time.15. What does Dr Fiese suggest to us?A. Parents should not communicate during mealtime.B. Its better to add three to four extra minutes to one meal.C. Four meals a day will make a difference to the childrens weight.D. Twenty extra minutes per meal make a healthy weight.【答案】12.

42、 B 13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了吃饭的用时问题。吃饭时适当延长 20分钟对孩子们有好处，可保持健康预防肥胖。【12 题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段前两句话 Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table. Just three minutes extra at - 9 -a family mealtime could help prevent child obesity.可知，父母适当延长孩子们吃饭的

43、时间，可保持他们的健康预防肥胖。故选 B。【13 题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段 Dr Barbara Fiese said, “Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week, weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes.可知吃饭时间最好为 20分钟，故选 C。【14 题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段 The factors are likely to be communication and the importa

44、nce of a scheduled mealtime.可知吃饭的时候人们可以交流，较长的用餐时间会对正常体重产生影响，故选 D。【15 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Three to four extra minutes per meal will make a healthy weight more possible.”可知为了保持一个健康的体重， Dr Fiese建议大家可适当延长 3-4分钟的吃饭时间。故选 B。第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分）Ways to Create Calm

45、 in Your Daily LifeMost of us need some space for calm in our lives. A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm._16_ You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule.Go walking. Walking is perfect and you can do it well anywhere. Simply walking and taking in the view is

46、 stress reducing. _17_ It makes room for new ideas to take root. Appreciate nature. When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open air, and thats great if you can. _18_ Actually , nature is everywhere. Find a park or a small patch (小块地) of great green, or just stick your head out of t

47、he window! You have many ways to appreciate nature.Listen to music. Many people listen to music to calm themselves down. Music actually lifts us out of ourselves. Discover what music works for you. _19_.Do some activities. Certain activities like yoga and tai chi need quiet focus. _20_ They are good

48、 for the body, mind and spirit. Classes are a - 10 -good place to begin, but once you learn the skills, you can practice anywhere: home, school or even on the road.Try out some of these ways and youll soon be practicing “moments of calm”.A. But what if you are in the city?B. Notice the animals aroun

49、d you.C. They are perfect for active calming.D. Music is a way to express the way that they are feeling.E. Its a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head.F. With enjoyable music even work can be “music to your ears”.G. You dont have to find a mountain to sit on, or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours.【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了繁忙的工作之余我们也需要使自己的心平静，文中告诉了我们几种使自己平静的方法。【16 题详解】根据上句 A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm可