[医学类试卷]医学博士外语模拟试卷49及答案与解析.doc

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1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 49 及答案与解析Section A（A）443122.（B） 9712765.（C） 96753229.（D）312244（A）Pediatrics.（B） Neurology and Psychiatry.（C） Ophthalmology.（D）Dermatology. （A）She should move the desk back.（B） She should go to the doctor.（C） She should have had someone help him.（D）She should have known the desk was heavy.

2、 （A）Ask the professor if the course will be given again.（B） Postpone talking the course.（C） Request permission to take the courses together.（D）Take the course from a different professor. （A）She is going to miss her first class.（B） She prefers going to the dentist later in the day.（C） The man will be

3、 finished before his first class.（D）The man might sleep late and miss his appointment. （A）She decided not to cancel her appointment.（B） Her new glasses arent comfortable.（C） Shes too busy to get a checkup.（D）She has to check when the appointment is. （A）Discuss a magazine article with the woman.（B） H

4、elp the woman find a new doctor.（C） Go to the store for some medicine.（D）Buy the woman some magazines. （A）The doctor can see the man this week.（B） Appointments must be made two weeks in advance.（C） The man should call back on Friday.（D）The doctor canceled his appointments on Friday. （A）The jobs shor

5、t hours make it impossible for her to refuse.（B） Shes looking forward to meeting her new colleagues.（C） She refused the position because of the low salary.（D）The job is turning into an excellent opportunity for her. （A）The man should see an optometrist.（B） Shed like to postpone working on the propos

6、al.（C） She wants to know why the proposal was late.（D）It wont take long to write the proposal. （A）He sometimes considers changing majors.（B） Most people frequently change their minds.（C） He rearranged his artwork a while ago.（D）Everyones inside for a short time. （A）Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.（B）

7、Tuesday and Saturday.（C） Tuesday and Thursday.（D）Saturday and Sunday. （A）The test was harder than he had anticipated.（B） He never does well in biology.（C） He was lucky to pass the test.（D）Professor Morrison is known for giving hard tests. （A）Tea is better than coffee.（B） The man should switch to tea

8、.（C） There are two reasons not to drink coffee.（D）The man shouldnt drink either. （A）She was asked to take another examination.（B） She failed the examination last week.（C） She did quite well in the examination.（D）She didnt take the examination last week. Section B（A）He wanted to have a cavity filled.

9、（B） He needed to have a tooth pulled.（C） He came in for a dental check-up and leaning.（D）He came to see a friend. （A）The man has discolored teeth.（B） The man has a chipped front tooth.（C） The man has a chipped back tooth.（D）The man has a decayed back tooth. （A）Doing a root canal.（B） Putting a fillin

10、g in.（C） Pulling the tooth.（D）Putting a crown on the tooth. （A）High-strength silver alloy.（B） Porcelain.（C） Steel.（D）Iron. （A）She forgot to use anything.（B） She used something to ease the pain.（C） She asked the man to grin.（D）She used high-strength filling. （A）Why certain people are aging sooner tha

11、n others.（B） How to make people live longer.（C） The size of certain peoples brains.（D）Which people are most intelligent. （A）A survey of farmers in northern Japan.（B） Tests performed on a thousand old people.（C） The study of brain volumes of different people.（D）The latest development of computer tech

12、nology. （A）Our brains shrink as we grow older.（B） Sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds.（C） The front section of the brain does not shrink.（D）Some peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples. （A）Thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking.（B） Blood circulation can pre

13、vent the brain from shrinking.（C） Conversation can prevent the brain from shrinking.（D）The fresh oxygen can prevent the brain from shrinking. （A）Lawyers.（B） Clerks.（C） Farmers.（D）Shop assistants. （A）To stay in a very warm room with a lot of people.（B） To expose oneself to severe weather.（C） To play

14、outdoors long when it is snowing.（D）To wait for a bus on a cold and windy day. （A）Youll catch a cold sooner or later.（B） Youve already come down with a cold.（C） There are viruses hidden in your body.（D）The room is not warm enough for your health. （A）It is generally believed that colds are caused by

15、exposure to cold weather.（B） Most colds are “caught“ by hand contact.（C） Cold virus will keep alive for several hours once it leaves human body.（D）Cold virus can spread around only through the air. （A）Wash our hands frequently.（B） Never rub our nose or eyes.（C） Throw away tissues immediately after u

16、se.（D）Shake hands with our friends instead of kissing them. （A）A cold-sufferer is staying with him in the same room.（B） The viruses have been exposed to the air for over 3 hours.（C） He dropped in a warm room.（D）He shakes hands with a cold-sufferer. Section A31 An enormous number of people in the wor

17、lds poorest countries do not have clean water or adequate sanitation_.（A）capacities（B） facilities（C） authorities（D）warranties32 Family-planning clinics give out_advice to people who have decided to limit the size of their families.（A）insensitive（B） interrogative（C） contraceptive（D）communicative33 Ca

18、ffeine is the_drug that will just about get you out of the door on time to catch the bus.（A）miracle（B） myth（C） trick（D）legend34 Today investigators are still far from_a master map of the vasculature of the heart.（A）constituting（B） decoding（C） drafting（D）encoding35 I have never seen a more caring, _g

19、roup of people in my life.（A）emotional（B） impersonal（C） compulsory（D）compassionate36 By the time I reached my residency, I_treating the patient as a whole human being.（A）yearned for（B） broke into（C） passed for（D）made for37 We now obtain more than two-thirds of our protein from animal sources, while

20、our grandparents _only one-half from animal sources.（A）originated（B） digested（C） deprived（D）derived38 Obesity carries an increased risk of_.（A）mortality（B） mobility（C） longevity（D）maternity39 The best exercise should require continuous_, rather than frequent stops and starts.（A）compassion（B） acceler

21、ation（C） frustration（D）exertion40 Environmental officials insist that something be done to_acid rain.（A）curb（B） sue（C） detoxify（D）condemnSection B41 The recent deterioration in the economy is of great concern to the government.（A）depression（B） deficiency（C） degeneration（D）deformity42 A substantial h

22、ike in the top rate of income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nations already waning support.（A）depreciating（B） warning（C） declining（D）startling43 He was not conspicuously hairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully in keeping with his age.（A）promi

23、nently（B） warily（C） consciously（D）conventionally44 The water company is obliged to maintain a supply of wholesome water.（A）available（B） hydraulic（C） balanced（D）hygienic45 Smoking makes one six times more likely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly assaults the tissues that line the

24、 mouth and throat.（A）detects（B） contaminates（C） occupies（D）attacks46 Most organisms must fit in with their surroundings because their skills to alter their environment are restricted and highly specialized.（A）attach themselves to（B） succumb to（C） lean on（D）adapt themselves to47 Instead of being recy

25、cled, garbage is left to accumulate in insanitary heaps which attract flies and spread infectious diseases.（A）innocuous（B） gathering（C） filthy（D）inflammable48 The prevalence of highly intelligent devices has eliminated the handicaps associated with most disabilities.（A）disadvantages（B） dispositions（

26、C） disappointments（D）discomforts49 In general, lasers operate by creating an intense amount of light and energy which is then converted into heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue.（A）developed（B） reduced（C） transformed（D）decoded50 Shyness, the most common form of social anxiety

27、, occurs when a persons apprehensions are so great that they inhibit his making an expected or desired social response.（A）discharge（B） trigger（C） restrain（D）defer一、Part Cloze50 Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, after heart disease. In the past, it was often considered

28、 a death sentence. But many patients now live longer【C1 】_of improvements in discovery and treatment. Researchers say death【C2】_in the United States from all cancers combined have fallen for thirty years. Survival rates have increased for most of the top fifteen cancers in both men and women, and fo

29、r cancers in【C3】_. The National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention studied the number of cancer survivors. A cancer survivor is defined【C4】_anyone who has been found to have cancer. This would include current patients. The study covered the period from 1971 to 2001.

30、The researchers found there are three【 C5】_as many cancer survivors today as there were thirty years ago. In 1971, the United States had about three million cancer survivors. Today there are about ten million. The study also found that 64% of adults with cancer can expect to still be【C6】_in five yea

31、rs. Thirty years ago, the five-year survival rate was 50%. The government wants to【C7】_the five-year survival rate to 70% by 2010. The risk of cancer increases with age. The report says the majority of survivors are 65 years and older. But it says medical improvements have also helped children with

32、cancer live【C8】_longer. Researchers say 80% of children with cancer will survive at least five years after the discovery. About 75% will survive at【C9】_ten years. In the 1970s, the five-year survival rate for children was about 50%. In the 1960s, most children did not survive cancer. Researchers say

33、 they expect more improvements in cancer treatment in the future. In fact, they say traditional cancer-prevention programs are not enough anymore. They say public health programs should also aim to support the【C10】_numbers of cancer survivors and their families.51 【C1 】（A）owing（B） because（C） regardl

34、ess（D）due52 【C2 】（A）opportunities（B） results（C） orders（D）rates53 【C3 】（A）men（B） women（C） children（D）people54 【C4 】（A）as（B） by（C） at（D）for55 【C5 】（A）numbers（B） periods（C） times（D）rounds56 【C6 】（A）strong（B） alive（C） healthy（D）happy57 【C7 】（A）fix（B） lower（C） study（D）increase58 【C8 】（A）very（B） fairly（C）

35、 much（D）more59 【C9 】（A）little（B） least（C） less（D）better60 【C10 】（A）small（B） growing（C） fixed（D）mixed二、Part Reading Comprehension60 When people are struck by lightening, they fall to the ground as though they were struck by a severe blow to the head. After the shock they may remain unconscious, becom

36、e semiconscious or be conscious but confused and dazed, at least for a time. Flashes of light may continue passing before their eyes, and blindness and deafness may follow. The nervous system may be badly affected, causing paralysis, pain in the limbs and even hemorrhage. There will be burns where t

37、he lightening passed through the body, and like all electrical bunts, they are often deep and sever. All persons, especially campers and hunters, should know how to give first aid to someone who has been struck by lightening. Do not be afraid to touch the victim. You wont get a shock. The lightening

38、 has already been grounded. Remember that speed is of the greatest importance in severe cases. The first thing to do is to loosen tight clothing about the throat and waist. Then clear the air passages of mucus (黏液) if present, and apply artificial respiration if necessary. Give mouth-mouth resuscita

39、tion if needed, or give oxygen if available. Many victims thought to be dead have been revived after treatment. Send someone for a doctor as soon as possible, but dont leave the victim alone. If a doctor is not available, take the person to a hospital as soon as the person can be safely moved. Signs

40、 of shock are: pale, cold, sticky skin; weak, rapid pulse; shallow, irregular breathing or, in extreme cases, no breathing at all. To treat shock, you must keep the patient lying down with the head lower than the feet and cover him or her with a blanket but watch out for overheating. Giving a stimul

41、ating hot tea or coffee will help, but only if the patient is thoroughly conscious. After breathing has been restored and shock is treated, treat the burns. Apply some salve and cover them with a clean cloth or a sterile dressing. If conscious, the patient will be badly frightened, so do all you can

42、 to reassure. A little knowledge and a helping hand may save someones life.61 The passage mainly talks about_.（A）which metals conduct electricity best（B） where to go in a thunderstorm（C） how to treat someone struck by lightening（D）how to make mouth-to-mouth resuscitation62 According to the passage,

43、all the following are signs of shock except_.（A）abnormal fever（B） cold skin（C） irregular breathing（D）rapid pulse63 It can be guessed from the passage that_.（A）many campers and hunters are struck by lightening（B） cars are convenient for outdoor activities（C） electric shock does little harm to the hum

44、an body（D）only professional nurses and doctors are allowed to give first aid64 The word “salve“ in Line 2 of the last paragraph most likely means_.（A）sponge（B） bandage（C） ointment（D）liquid65 Which of the following must not be done while treating shock?（A）Giving the patient a cup of hot tea.（B） Makin

45、g the patient lie with the feet lower than the head.（C） Covering the burns with a sterile dressing.（D）Applying artificial respiration. 65 Even as Americans have been gaining weight, they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years. And indeed, cu

46、tting fat to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates have just four. Moreover, the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods. Compared with protein and carbohydrateswhich break down into amino acids and sim

47、ple sugars, respectively, and can be used to strengthen and energize the body dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat. Therefore, its more likely to stay on buttocks, thighs and bellies. But cutting fat from your diet doesnt necessarily mean your body wont store fat. For example, between no

48、nfat and regular cookies, theres trivial difference in calories because manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar. Low-fat crackers, soups and dressings can also be just as high in calories as richer versions. No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight

49、 gain. The calories from fat just do it a little quicker. A Wisconsin computer programmer who decided with a diet coach to eat only 40 grams of fat a day learned the lesson firsthand. He wasnt losing weight. Then he showed his food diary to his coach and revealed hed been eating half a pound of jelly beans a day. “They dont have any fat, “ he explains. But they had enough sugar to keep him from shedding an ounce. Nonfat foods become add-