[考研类试卷]GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷137及答案与解析.doc

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1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 137 及答案与解析一、Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the

2、 center.1 It is the business of the police to prevent and detect crime and of the law courts to punish_.（A）crime（B） sin（C） offence（D）fault2 The man in the comer confessed to _ a lie to the manager of the company.（A）have told（B） be told（C） being told（D）having told3 Any student who_his homework is unl

3、ikely to pass the examination.（A）reduces（B） offends（C） practices（D）neglects4 _, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.（A）Although much he likes her（B） Much although he likes her（C） As he likes her much（D）Much as he likes her5 The electric shaver needs _before it can be used.（A）repairing（B） to repai

4、r（C） being repaired（D）to be repairing6 Without computers, we _the tremendous medical advancement in the last few decades.（A）would not make（B） will not have made（C） could not make（D）couldnt have made7 You are quite wrong. She_like you.（A）can（B） has（C） should（D）does8 None of the soldiers was allowed t

5、o open fire unless heavy loss was shown to be _ inevitable.（A）nonetheless（B） otherwise（C） hence（D）therefore9 I suppose you are not serious, _?（A）do I（B） dont I（C） are you（D）arent you10 Mr. Wright was the _ president of Ace Construction Company.（A）previous（B） before（C） latter（D）former二、Part II Readin

6、g ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11 After a 300

7、 million yuan renovation project, Lidai Diwang Miao, or the Imperial Temple of Emperors of Successive Dynasties, was reopened to the public last weekend.Originally constructed about 470 years ago, during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, the temple was used by emperors of both the Mi

8、ng and Qing to offer sacrifices to their ancestors.It underwent two periods of renovation in the Qing Dynasty, during the reigns of emperors Yongzheng and Qianlong. From 1929 until early 2000, it was part of Beijing No. 159 Middle School.The temples Jingdechongsheng Hall contains stone tablets memor

9、ializing 188 Chinese emperors. The jinzhuan bricks used to pave the floor, the same as those used in the Forbidden City, are finely textured and golden-yellow in color. According to Xi Wei, an official from the Xicheng District government present at the reopening of the temple, jinzhuan bricks were

10、made in Yuyao, Suzhou, specially for imperial use.The renovation was done strictly according to that carried our at the orders of Emperor Qianlong, and only those sections of the temple too damaged to repair have been replaced.11 What does the verb form of the word “renovation“ mean in Paragraph 1?（

11、A）Reform.（B） Rearrange.（C） Retreat.（D）Restore.12 Which of the following statements is TRUE?（A）The temple is still not reopened yet to the public.（B） The jinzhuan bricks were made in Hangzhou for imperial use.（C） The jinzhuan bricks used to pave the wall in the temple.（D）The temple was at first const

12、ructed 470 years ago.13 How long has Lidai Diwang Miao been in part of a middle school in Beijing?（A）470 years.（B） 159 years.（C） 71 years.（D）188 years.14 What can we infer from the passage?（A）The temple has a long history.（B） The renovation of the temple was easy with modern technology.（C） The brick

13、s in the temple are not so valuable as those in the Forbidden city.（D）The renovation was done according to the orders of Emperor Qianlong.15 Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?（A）The renovation project cost 300 million yuan.（B） The temple was once a part of Beijing No. 159 Mi

14、ddle School.（C） Those parts of the temple too destroyed to repair are still there.（D）The temple was built about 470 years ago.16 The climate of Earth is changing. Climatologists are confident that over the past century, the global average surface temperature has increased by about half a degree Cels

15、ius. This warming is thought to be at least partly the result of human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of forests for agriculture. As the global population grows and national economies expand, the global average temperature is expected to continue increasing by an ad

16、ditional 1.0 to 3.5 by the year 2100.Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing humankind. Understanding the potential impacts of climate change for natural ecosystems is essential if we are going to manage our environment to minimize the negative consequences of climate

17、 change and maximize the opportunities that it may offer. Because natural ecosystems are complex, nonlinear systems, it follows that their responses to climate change are likely to be complex. Climate change may affect natural ecosystems in a variety of ways. In the short term, climate change can al

18、ter the mix of plant species in land ecosystems such as grasslands. In the long term, climate change has the potential to dramatically alter the geographic distribution of major vegetation typessavannas, forests, and climate change can also potentially alter global ecosystem processes, including the

19、 cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Moreover, changes in these ecosystem processes can affect and be affected by changes in the plant species of the ecosystem and vegetation type. All of the climate changeinduced alterations of natural ecosystems affect the services that these ecos

20、ystems provide to humans.The global average surface temperature increase of half a degree. Celsius observed over the past century has been in part due to differential changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range. Decreases in the diurna

21、l temperature range were first identified in the United States, where large-area trends showed that maximum temperatures have remained constant or increased only slightly, whereas minimum temperatures have increased at a faster rate. In this issue, Alward et al report on the different sensitivities

22、of rangeland plants to minimum temperatures increases.16 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the global warming?（A）The burning of fuels such as coal or oil.（B） The clearing of forests.（C） The cultivation of farmland.（D）The negative consequences of human activities.17 The second p

23、aragraph is primarily concerned with_.（A）the potential impacts of climate change for natural ecosystems（B） how to minimize the negative consequences of climate change（C） how to maximize the opportunities that climate change may offer（D）the complex, nonlinear nature of natural ecosystems18 According

24、to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the temperature increases observed over the past century?（A）Increases of daily maximum temperatures.（B） Decreases of daily minimum temperatures.（C） Increases of diurnal temperature range.（D）Decreases in the diurnal temperature range.19 In subsequent

25、 paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this passage to_.（A）discuss the global impacts of temperatures increases（B） present a point of view which supports the idea of the second paragraph（C） introduce Alwards report on the different sensitivities of rangeland plants to minimum temperatures increase

26、s（D）further illustrate the causes of the global average surface temperature increases20 The word “diurnal“(Line 3, Para 3) is closest in meaning to_.（A）day-and-nights（B） everyday（C） two days（D）yearly20 So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to under

27、take to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the i

28、mpossible. “Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to Learning to read invol

29、ves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that

30、will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. “When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and

31、 when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminate& Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.21 The p

32、roblem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _.（A）it is one of the most difficult school courses（B） students spend endless hours in reading（C） reading tasks are assigned with little guidance（D）too much time is spent in teaching about reading22 The teaching of reading wi

33、ll be successful if _.（A）teachers can improve conditions at school for the students（B） teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading（C） teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading（D）teachers can make their teaching activities observable23 The word “scrutiny“ (Line 3,

34、 Para. 3) most probably means “_“.（A）inquiry（B） observation（C） control（D）suspicion24 According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when _（A）children become highly motivated（B） teacher and learner roles are interchangeable（C） teaching helps children in the search for k

35、nowledge（D）reading enriches childrens experience25 The main idea of the passage is that _.（A）teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read（B） teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible（C） reading ability is something acquired rather than taught（D）re

36、ading is more complicated than generally believed25 Because of its potential for cutting costs, the distribution step in the marketing process is receiving more attention. Distribution involves warehousing, transporting and keeping inventory of manufactured products. Take an everyday product like fa

37、bric softener. After it comes off the assembly line, its packed in cartons and trucked to warehouses around the country. When orders come in from retailers, the fabric softener is delivered to supermarket shelves. This is distribution.Probably the most crucial area for controlling costs is inventory

38、. Companies dont want to overproduce and have unsold stock of their product piled up in warehouses. Wholesale companies and large retail chains employ several techniques for inventory control. This is where the computer revolution really had an impact. Computerized information systems give precise a

39、nd up-to-date accounts of inventory on hand. And the field of distribution offers good entry-level jobs for persons with training in computer programming or data processing.Overseeing the whole area of distribution is the distribution manager. This job is becoming increasingly important and can lead

40、 to an executive position.26 According to the passage, why is the distribution step in marketing getting more attention?（A）It is where companies research and develop new products.（B） It is where companies can cut costs.（C） It is where employees can update their computer skills.（D）It provides jobs fo

41、r college graduates.27 Why does the writer mention fabric softener?（A）To advertise a new product.（B） To show how companies set the price of an item.（C） To explain why companies must keep costs down.（D）To illustrate how the distribution process works.28 Why is inventory control so important?（A）It is

42、essential for controlling costs.（B） It can lead to an executive position.（C） It helps companies overproduce.（D）It requires little or no training.29 Why are computers important in distribution?（A）They can accurately report on inventory.（B） They provide good training in computer programming.（C） They m

43、ake it easier for managers to supervise people.（D）They train people for executive positions.30 What is this passage mainly talking about?（A）The use of computers for sale of products.（B） The distribution step in the marketing process.（C） Cost control in inventory of a product.（D）Wholesale and retail

44、chains of a product.三、Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.30 On a four-day trip to Ethiopia,I

45、had a dream. In my dream, I saw two men, one older and one younger, facing one another against a background of temples and pyramids. The father was speaking as he performed the oil ceremony for his son. I became excited in the possibility of performing a visiting ceremony【31】my son in Africa. For th

46、e next six days I privately wondered what【32】to use in such a ceremony. Gradually the words【33】me. By the time we arrived in Cairo, I was ready. I told my son that there was a ceremony I wanted to【34】him in the tombs in Egypt. His eyes shone with【35】. But I wondered if he would still be receptive af

47、ter my next statement. In the dream I remembered that the son was oiled, as it【36】, with a dry substance. I took this to mean that powder【37】oil was used. But what powder? I ruled out ground grass and flowers, and finally settled on sand. Sand represents the Sahara, and sand also【38】the remains of t

48、he ancient people of Egypt. That made philosophical【39】to me, but in the real world, young adults or almost anybody for that matter,【40】disinclined to have sand poured on their hair. （A）for（B） and（C） as（D）with（A）words（B） word（C） tongue（D）language（A）brought to（B） Went to（C） came to（D）arrived to（A）go

49、with（B） enjoy with（C） take with（D）perform with（A）anticipation（B） tremble（C） horror（D）terror（A）is（B） were（C） being（D）was（A）rather than（B） other than（C） that was（D）rather too（A）lie（B） imply（C） lay（D）contains（A）name（B） sense（C） reputation（D）beauty（A）are（B） is（C） was（D）were四、Part IV Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits