ASTM F2972-2014 Standard Specification for Light Sport Aircraft Manufacturer&rsquo s Quality Assurance System《轻型运动飞机制造商质量保证系统的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2972 12F2972 14Standard Specification forLight Sport Aircraft Manufacturers Quality AssuranceSystem1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2972; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o

2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for a quality assurance system for manufacturers of Light Sp

3、ortAircraft or Light Sport Aircraft kits, or both.1.2 This standard applies to aircraft seeking civil aviation authority approval in the form of flight certificates, flight permits, orother like documentation.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associate

4、d with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2659 Practice for Certificate ProgramsF2839 Practice for Complia

5、nce Audits to ASTM Standards on Light Sport Aircraft3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 permanent record, nwhere specified herein, the applicable record shall be kept and shall be accessible as long asairworthiness certificates remain in effect for aircraft produced that relate to the record.3.1.2 q

6、uality assurance manual (QAM), nthe documentation of the quality assurance system.3.1.3 quality assurance record (QAR), nthe permanent record of quality assurance associated with each LSA produced.3.1.4 quality assurance system (QAS), na system of processes and controls used by a manufacturer to ver

7、ify and validate thatthe LSA meets its specified requirement.3.1.5 reserved holding area, nphysical area for isolating items away from normal production processes while awaiting properdisposition.3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 MRBMaterial Review Board4. Quality Assurance System4.1 Manufacturers shall devel

8、op and implement a Quality Assurance System (QAS) in accordance with the requirementsestablished within this practice. The elements of the QAS established herein include the following:4.1.1 Quality Assurance Manual (QAM).4.1.2 Quality Assurance Record (QAR).4.1.3 Record of Compliance.4.1.4 Product C

9、onfiguration Control, Document Control, and Change Management.4.1.5 Control of Critical Special Processes and Equipment.4.1.6 Material Control.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F37 on Light Sport Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F37.70 on Cross

10、 Cutting.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2014. Published January 2013November 2014. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asF2972 12. DOI: 10.1520/F2972-12.10.1520/F2972-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM

11、Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made t

12、o the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyrig

13、ht ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.7 Inspections.4.1.8 Identification and Handling of Nonconforming Material.4.1.9 Assignment of QA Duties and Supplier Control.4.1.10 Audits.4.2 Quality Assurance Manual (QAM)Each manufacture

14、r shall document their QAS in the form of a Quality AssuranceManual (QAM). The QAM itself and each of the QAS elements included or referenced shall be controlled as productiondocumentation in accordance with 6.0.4.3 Quality Assurance Administration (QAA)The manufacturers administration that is charg

15、ed with the implementation of theQAS may consist of one or more: company employees, company officials, or manufacturers agents, consultants, or assigns. Theindividual(s) that make up the QAA shall be identified within the QAM.4.3.1 The individual(s) that make up the QAA shall be identified within th

16、e QAM.4.3.2 The member(s) of the quality assurance administration authorized to attest compliance of the aircraft to the applicableASTM standards to any commercial or governmental entity shall be identified within the QAM.5. Quality Assurance Record (QAR)5.1 A QAR shall be retained for each LSA prod

17、uced. Each QAR shall consist of the following, which shall include the LSAserial number and date of manufacture.5.1.1 Completed final records and checks from the manufacturing and assembly operations. This should include items such asmajor subassembly sign-offs, critical part sign-offs, whole-system

18、 checks, and calibrations as well as aircraft or major subassemblyrepairs, rework, MRB, or temporary configuration deviation approvals.5.1.2 Test documentation from the production acceptance testing procedures. This should include items such as checklistsand/or sign-off sheets showing acceptance and

19、 completion of applicable production acceptance test requirements.5.1.3 A copy of the Manufacturers Statement of Compliance.5.1.4 The configuration of each aircraft at its point of delivery (for continued operational safety monitoring purposes), includingassociated parts lists and installed equipmen

20、t lists.5.2 A permanent record shall be maintained of the date of acceptance, the origin, and the certifications of materials used in theproduction of airframe components defined by the manufacturer to be critical to the aircraft structural integrity (see Note 1).NOTE 1The intent of this requirement

21、 is to provide a means for the manufacturer to identify and reduce the number of in-service aircraft that maybe affected by a raw material anomaly requiring corrective action, thereby reducing the economic impact of such corrective action. This requirementshould not be construed as a requirement for

22、 serial number specific traceability nor a requirement to identify critical parts when none exist.6. Engineering, Design, and Manufacture6.1 Record of ComplianceThe manufacturer shall keep a permanent record of the documentation used to show complianceof each approved aircraft configuration produced

23、 to all applicable consensus standards and regulatory requirements in effect at thetime of manufacture.6.2 Configuration Control and Change Management:6.2.1 Revisions to documentation affecting compliance shall be tracked and the change process for developing, reviewing, andincorporating revisions t

24、o compliance documentation shall be controlled.6.2.2 The manufacturer must insure and verify the use of the proper revision of any compliance document.6.3 Production DocumentationThe manufacturer shall maintain a permanent record of all production documentation pertinentto product compliance, includ

25、ing revisions. Production documentation shall include, but may not be limited to, the following typesof documents:6.3.1 Parts lists.6.3.2 Component and assembly engineering drawings (engineering definition).6.3.3 Manufacturing processes.6.3.4 Specifications.6.3.5 Tooling and gage identification.6.3.

26、6 Aircraft Operating Instructions (AOI) or Pilots Operating Handbook (POH).6.3.7 Maintenance manual.6.3.8 Quality Assurance Manual (QAM).NOTE 2Any document or information necessary to show compliance to any part of any consensus standard is pertinent to product compliance andis intended to be docume

27、nted and controlled as compliance/production documentation in accordance with Section 6.6.4 Special ProcessesA system shall be implemented to control all special processes and services related to the productionof airframe components considered by the manufacturer to be critical to the structural int

28、egrity of the LSA, such as welding,brazing, heat treatment, plating, structural composites, adhesive bonding, and so forth. The system shall ensure that each processF2972 142and service is performed in accordance with approved specifications containing definitive standards of quality, and that perio

29、dicinspection and calibration of measuring and test equipment, solutions, or any critical equipment is controlled and documented.7. Material Control7.1 Material control procedures shall be in effect so that materials, processes, and components, including raw materials, are inaccordance with the manu

30、facturers applicable specifications.7.2 Purchasing personnel must use an established procurement procedure that ensures that requirements for all items orderedare clearly specified.7.3 Receiving procedures shall be in effect so that incoming material and components are checked against applicablespec

31、ifications.7.4 A procedure shall be in effect so that material in stock can be properly identified for future use.7.5 For outsourced processes or manufacturing/fabrication, the supplier shall provide verification that the work or item meetsthe LSA manufacturers specifications.8. Inspections8.1 Manuf

32、acturers shall implement and document a system of inspections to verify conformity of product to all applicableengineering requirements and production specifications.8.2 Conforming, non-conforming, in-process, and items awaiting inspection must be separated or clearly distinguishable.8.3 Receiving I

33、nspectionIncoming items provided by outside vendors shall be inspected for conformity to applicablespecifications.8.4 Conforming items shall be distributed as required for immediate use or placed in a secure storage area for future use.8.5 Items found to be nonconforming shall either be evaluated by

34、 a Material Review Board (MRB) in accordance with Section9 or rejected in accordance with 9.2.8.6 Sampling plans may be utilized so that full inspection of every part is not required, provided that adequate controls are inplace on underlying processes or supply sources to provide assurance of confor

35、mity.9. Material Review Board and Non-Conforming Items9.1 A Material Review Board (MRB) may be established by the manufacturer to determine the disposition of non-conformingitems, and shall consist of one or more manufacturer designated technical representatives.9.1.1 MRB representatives shall be id

36、entified within the QAM.9.1.2 If analysis, additional inspection, functional checks, repair, rework, and so forth assures that an item meets all of therelevant design requirements, the MRB may authorize its use in the production of a LSA. Otherwise, the item must be rejectedin accordance with 9.2.9.

37、1.3 The manufacturer shall keep a permanent record showing the disposition of non-conforming items that have beenevaluated by the MRB.9.2 Aprocess for disposing of items found to be unusable due to damage, shelf life limits, dimensional, or other variations mustbe defined and implemented. A rejected

38、 item must be mutilated, disposed of, or sufficiently marked as rejected to ensure that itis not used in the production of a LSA. A rejected component may be placed in a reserved holding area for future disposition ordisposal.10. Assignment of QA Duties and Responsibilities10.1 Manufacturers may ass

39、ign QA duties and responsibilities to outside parties for the purpose of establishing satellitemanufacturing, assembly, distribution facilities, contract manufacturing/ processing, or a combination thereof.10.2 In the case of assignment, the manufacturer retains overall QA responsibility for the acc

40、omplishment of these activities.10.3 All assignment authorizations must be documented within the QAM.11. Audits11.1 Manufacturers shall conduct an audit of their QAS using a documented audit program prior to the initial delivery of a newmodel and at least annually thereafter. Practice F2839 may be u

41、sed to establish minimum requirements of the program.11.2 A record shall be maintained of all annual audits.11.3 Any determination of non-compliance shall be resolved and a revision to the QAS shall be made if necessary to addressany anomalies found.F2972 14312. Competence and Training12.1 Any membe

42、r of the QAA, identified in the QAM per 4.3.2, must have completed, with documented records, a standardstraining program within the preceding four years. The training program must leave the student with an understanding of:12.1.1 Whether there is adequate substantiation to show compliance to the app

43、licable standards set forth in theASTM standardsfor LSA. Note that there is no requirement for the training to train personnel to validate every compliance element of everycategory of aircraft.12.1.2 The requirements to obtain LSAcertification, inclusive of design, performance, quality, and continue

44、d operational safety.12.1.3 The various materials that must be provided with the sale of an ASTM compliant aircraft.12.1.4 The responsibilities and duties of an ASTM compliant aircraft manufacturer.12.2 Acceptable means of compliance to these requirements are:12.2.1 The Light Sport Aircraft course a

45、nd personnel certification training program offered by ASTM International.12.2.2 Another training program, either internal or external, meeting the requirements of Practice E2659 and the requirementsgiven in this section and audited by an accredited third party.12.2.3 Another program equivalent to 1

46、2.2.1 or 12.2.2.13. Keywords13.1 compliance; Light Sport Aircraft; LSA; quality; quality assuranceASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determ

47、ination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or w

48、ithdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that y

49、our comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard m