ASTM F1797-2009 Standard Test Method for Acoustic Emission Testing of Insulated and Non-Insulated Digger Derricks.pdf
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1、Designation: F1797 09Standard Test Method forAcoustic Emission Testing of Insulated and Non-InsulatedDigger Derricks1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1797; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for acoustic emis-sion (AE) testing of digger derricks.1.1.1 Equipment Covere
3、dThis test method applies tospecial multipurpose vehicle-mounted machines, commonlyknown as digger derricks. These machines are primarilydesigned to dig holes, set poles, and position materials andapparatus.1.1.1.1 Insulated and non-insulated type digger derricksmay be evaluated with this test metho
4、d.1.1.1.2 Digger derricks, if so equipped to position personnelor equipment, or both, may also be evaluated with this testmethod in conjunction with Test Method F914.1.1.2 Equipment Not CoveredExcluded from this testmethod are general-purpose cranes designed only for liftingservice and machines prim
5、arily designed only for diggingholes.1.2 The AE test method is used to detect and area-locateemission sources. Verification of emission sources may requirethe use of other nondestructive test (NDT) methods, such asradiography, ultrasonic, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant, andvisual inspection.1.3
6、 WarningThis test method requires that external loadsbe applied to the superstructure of the vehicle under test.During the test, caution must be taken to safeguard personneland equipment against unexpected failure or instability of thevehicle or components.1.4 This standard does not purport to addre
7、ss all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E569 Practice f
8、or Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Struc-tures During Controlled StimulationE610 Definitions of Terms Relating to Acoustic Emission2E650 Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic EmissionSensorsE750 Practice for Characterizing Acoustic Emission Instru-mentationE976 Guide for Determining the Reproduc
9、ibility of Acous-tic Emission Sensor ResponseF914 Test Method for Acoustic Emission for Insulated andNon-Insulated Aerial Personnel Devices Without Supple-mental Load Handling Attachments2.2 Other Standards:ASNT Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A PersonnelQualification and Certification in Nondestructiv
10、e Testing3ANSI A10.31 Digger DerricksSafety Requirements,Definitions, and Specifications4EMI Nomenclature and Specifications for Truck-MountedExtensible Aerial Devices, Articulating Aerial Devices,Digger-Derricks53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 acoustic emission, AEthe class of phenomenawhereby
11、elastic waves are generated by the rapid release ofenergy from a localized source or sources within a material, orthe transient elastic wave(s) so generated.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 onElectrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibilit
12、y ofSubcommittee F18.55 on Inspection and Non-Destructive Test Methods for AerialDevices.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F179798(2003). DOI:10.1520/F1797-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the
13、 ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Nondestructive Testing, 4153 ArlingatePlaza, Caller #28518, Columb
14、us, OH 43228.4Available from the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway,New York, NY 10018.5Available from the Equipment Manufacturers Institute, 410 N. MichiganAve.,Chicago, IL 60611.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, U
15、nited States.3.1.1.1 Discussionacoustic emission is the recommendedterm for general use. Other terms that have been used in AEliterature include (1) stress wave emission, (2) micro-seismicactivity, and (3) emission or acoustic emission with otherqualifying modifiers.3.1.2 amplitude (acoustic emissio
16、n signal amplitude)thepeak voltage of the largest excursion attained by the signalwaveform from an emission event.3.1.3 amplitude distributiona display of the number ofacoustic emission events with signals that exceed an arbitraryamplitude as a function of amplitude.3.1.4 attenuationloss of energy p
17、er unit distance, typi-cally measured as loss of signal peak amplitude with unitdistance from the source of emission.3.1.5 channelan input to the main AE instrument thataccepts a preamplifier output.3.1.6 commonedtwo or more sensors interconnected suchthat the sensor outputs are electronically proce
18、ssed by a singlechannel without differentiation of sensor origin. (syn. teed)3.1.7 count, n(acoustic emission count) the number oftimes the acoustic emission signal amplitude exceeds a presetthreshold during any selected portion of a test.3.1.8 decibel, dBa reference scale that expresses thelogarith
19、mic ratio of a signal peak amplitude to a fixed referenceamplitude.Signal peak amplitude dB!520 log10A1A0(1)where:A0= 1 V at the sensor output (before amplification), andA1= peak voltage of the measured acoustic emissionsignal.Acoustic Emission Reference ScaledB ValueVoltage AtSensor OutputVoltage a
20、t Integral PreampSensor Output (40 dB Gain)0 1 V 100 V20 10 V 1 mV40 100 V 10 mV60 1 mV 100 mV80 10 mV 1 V100 100 mV 10 V3.1.9 event (acoustic emission event)a local materialchange giving rise to acoustic emission.3.1.10 event count, Nthe number obtained by countingeach discerned acoustic emission e
21、vent once.3.1.11 first-hita mode of operation of AE monitoringequipment in which an event occurring on one channel willprevent all other channels from processing data for a specifiedperiod of time. The channel with a sensor closest to thephysical location of the emission source will then be the only
22、channel processing data from that source.3.1.12 insulatorany part of the digger derrick such as, butnot limited to, any of the extensible boom sections or support-ing structure, made of a material having a high dielectricstrength, usually FRP or the equivalent.3.1.13 noiseany undesired signal that t
23、ends to interferewith the normal reception or processing of the desired signal.3.1.14 qualified personnelpersonnel who, by possessionof a recognized degree, certificate, professional standing, orskill, and who, by knowledge, training, and experience, havedemonstrated the ability to deal with problem
24、s relating to thesubject matter, the work, or the project.3.1.15 signal (emission signal)a signal obtained by detec-tion of one or more acoustic emission events.FIG. 1 Insulated Digger Derrick NomenclatureF1797 0923.1.16 For definitions of other terms in this test method,refer to Definitions E610 an
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