ASTM D4815-2015a Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE ETBE TAME DIPE tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography《采用气相色谱分析法测定汽油中MTBE ETBE.pdf
《ASTM D4815-2015a Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE ETBE TAME DIPE tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography《采用气相色谱分析法测定汽油中MTBE ETBE.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4815-2015a Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE ETBE TAME DIPE tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography《采用气相色谱分析法测定汽油中MTBE ETBE.pdf(15页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D4815 15D4815 15aStandard Test Method forDetermination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-AmylAlcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by GasChromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4815; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
2、original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Departm
3、ent of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of ethers and alcohols in gasolines by gas chromatography. Specific compoundsdetermined are methyl tert-butylether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butylether (ETBE), tert-amylmethylether (TAME), diisopropylether(DIPE), methanol, ethanol, isopr
4、opanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec -butanol, n-butanol, and tert-pentanol (tert-amylalcohol).1.2 Individual ethers are determined from 0.200.20 mass % to 20.0 mass %. Individual alcohols are determined from0.200.20 mass % to 12.0 mass %. Equations used to convert to mass % oxygen and
5、to volume % of individual compounds areprovided. At concentrations 10 volume % olefins, the interference may be 0.20 mass %. Annex A1 gives a chromatogram showingthe interference observed with a gasoline containing 10 volume % olefins.1.3 Alcohol-based fuels, such as M-85 and E-85, MTBE product, eth
6、anol product, and denatured alcohol, are specificallyexcluded from this test method. The methanol content of M-85 fuel is considered beyond the operating range of the system.1.4 Benzene, while detected, cannot be quantified using this test method and must be analyzed by alternate methodology (seeTes
7、t Method D3606).1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.Alternate units, in common usage, are also provided to increaseclarity and aid the users of this test method.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It
8、is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum a
9、nd Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Products by Karl Fischer Reagent3D3606 Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatog-raphyD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, a
10、nd API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical StandardsD4420 Test Method for Determination of Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography (Withdraw
11、n 2004)31 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015April 1, 2015. Published March 2015May 2015. Origi
12、nally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20132015 asD4815 13.D4815 15. DOI: 10.1520/D4815-15.10.1520/D4815-15A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information
13、, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to
14、the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summar
15、y of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 low volume connectora special union for connecting two leng
16、ths of tubing 1.6-mm1.6 mm inside diameter and smaller.Sometimes this is referred to as zero dead volume union.3.1.2 oxygenateany oxygen-containing organic compound that can be used as a fuel or fuel supplement, for example, variousalcohols and ethers.3.1.3 split ratioin capillary gas chromatography
17、, the ratio of the total flow of carrier gas to the sample inlet versus the flowof the carrier gas to the capillary column, expressed bysplit ratio5S1C!/C (1)where:S = flow rate at the splitter vent, andC = flow rate at the column outlet.3.1.4 tert-amyl alcoholtert -pentanol.3.2 Acronyms:3.2.1 DIPEd
18、iisopropylether.3.2.2 ETBEethyl tert-butylether.3.2.3 MTBEmethyl tert-butylether.3.2.4 TAMEtert-amyl methylether.3.2.5 TCEP1,2,3-tris-2-cyanoethoxypropanea gas chromatographic liquid phase.3.2.6 WCOTa type of capillary gas chromatographic column prepared by coating the inside of the capillary with a
19、 thin filmof stationary phase.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 An appropriate internal standard, such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane (ethylene glycol dimethyl ether), is added to the sample,which is then introduced into a gas chromatograph equipped with two columns and a column switching valve. The sample first
20、passes onto a polar TCEPcolumn, which elutes lighter hydrocarbons to vent and retains the oxygenated and heavier hydrocarbons.4.2 After methylcyclopentane, but before DIPE and MTBE elute from the polar column, the valve is switched to backflush theoxygenates onto a WCOT nonpolar column. The alcohols
21、 and ethers elute from the nonpolar column in boiling point order, beforeelution of any major hydrocarbon constituents.4.3 After benzene and TAME elute from the nonpolar column, the column switching valve is switched back to its originalposition to backflush the heavy hydrocarbons.4.4 The eluted com
22、ponents are detected by a flame ionization or thermal conductivity detector. The detector response,proportional to the component concentration, is recorded; the peak areas are measured; and the concentration of each componentis calculated with reference to the internal standard.5. Significance and U
23、se5.1 Ethers, alcohols, and other oxygenates can be added to gasoline to increase octane number and to reduce emissions. Typeand concentration of various oxygenates are specified and regulated to ensure acceptable commercial gasoline quality. Drivability,vapor pressure, phase separation, exhaust, an
24、d evaporative emissions are some of the concerns associated with oxygenated fuels.5.2 This test method is applicable to both quality control in the production of gasoline and for the determination of deliberateor extraneous oxygenate additions or contamination.6. Apparatus6.1 ChromatographWhile any
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