ASTM D2633-2013a Standard Test Methods for Thermoplastic Insulations and Jackets for Wire and Cable《电线及电缆用热塑绝缘材料和护套的标准试验方法》.pdf

《ASTM D2633-2013a Standard Test Methods for Thermoplastic Insulations and Jackets for Wire and Cable《电线及电缆用热塑绝缘材料和护套的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ASTM D2633-2013a Standard Test Methods for Thermoplastic Insulations and Jackets for Wire and Cable《电线及电缆用热塑绝缘材料和护套的标准试验方法》.pdf（15页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、Designation: D2633 13a An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forThermoplastic Insulations and Jackets for Wire and Cable1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2633; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of

2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the testing ofthermoplastic insulations and jackets use

3、d on insulated wireand cable. To determine the test to be made on the particularinsulation or jacket compound, refer to the product specifica-tion for that type. These test methods do not apply to the classof products known as flexible cords. The electrical tests oninsulation and water-absorption te

4、sts do not apply to the classof products having a separator between the conductor and theinsulation.1.2 These test methods pertain to insulation or jacketmaterial for electrical wires and cables. In many instances theinsulation or jacket material cannot be tested unless it has beenformed around a co

5、nductor or cable. Therefore, tests are doneon insulated or jacketed wire or cable in these test methodssolely to determine the relevant property of the insulation orjacket material and not to test the conductor or completedcable.1.3 Whenever two sets of values are presented, in differentunits, the v

6、alues in the first set are the standard, while those inparentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract

7、ices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardssee Sections 4 and 63.1.5 The procedures appear in the following sections:Procedure SectionsCold Bend Test 75 to 77Dielectric Strength Retention Test 45 to 51Electrical Tests of Insulation 17 to 29Heat

8、Distortion Test 74Heat Shock Test 73Insulation Resistance Test 30 to 37Partial-Discharge Extinction Level Test 38 to 44Physical Tests of Insulation and Jackets 5 to 16Surface Resistivity Test 64 to 67Thermal Tests 72 to 77Track Resistance Test 78 to 81U-Bend Discharge Test 68 to 71Vertical Flame Tes

9、t 63Water Absorption Tests, Accelerated 52 to 622. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permit-tivity (

10、Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lation (Withdrawn 2013)3D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration i

11、n an AirOvenD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials for Wire and CableD2132 Test Method for Dust-and-Fog Tracking and ErosionResistance of Electrical Insulating MaterialsD37

12、55 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating MaterialsUnder Direct-Voltage Stress (Withdrawn 2013)3D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic MaterialsD5207 Practice for Confirmation of 20mm (50W) a

13、nd125mm (500W) Test Flames for Small-Scale BurningTests on Plastic MaterialsD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ov-ens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications1These methods are under th

14、e jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.18 on Solid Insulations, Non-Metallic Shieldings and Coveringsfor Electrical and Telecommunication Wires and Cables.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Publis

15、hed December 2013. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2633 13. DOI:10.1520/D2633-13a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refe

16、r to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194

17、28-2959. United States12.2 Federal Standard:Federal Specification for Tape; Paper, Gummed (Kraft)(PPP-T-45D)42.3 ICEA Standard:T-24-380 Guide for Partial-Discharge Procedure52.4 UL Standard:UL 2556 Wire and Cable Test Methods63. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in these test

18、methods, refer to Terminology D1711.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aging (act of), nexposure of material to air or oil ata temperature and a time as specified in the relevant materialspecification for that material.3.3 Symbols:3.3.1 kcmil = thousands of circular mils.4. Haz

19、ards4.1 High Voltage:4.1.1 WarningLethal voltages are a potential hazardduring the performance of this test. It is essential that the testapparatus, and all associated equipment electrically connectedto it, be properly designed and installed for safe operation.Solidly ground all electrically conduct

20、ive parts which it ispossible for a person to contact during the test. Provide meansfor use at the completion of any test to ground any parts whichwere at high voltage during the test or have the potential foracquiring an induced charge during the test or retaining acharge even after disconnection o

21、f the voltage source. Thor-oughly instruct all operators as to the correct procedures forperforming tests safely. When making high voltage tests,particularly in compressed gas or in oil, it is possible for theenergy released at breakdown to be sufficient to result in fire,explosion, or rupture of th

22、e test chamber. Design testequipment, test chambers, and test specimens so as to minimizethe possibility of such occurrences and to eliminate thepossibility of personal injury. If the potential for fire exists,have fire suppression equipment available. See 20.1, 27.1,33.1, 42.1, 48.1, 55.1, 65.1, 69

23、.1, and 79.1.PHYSICAL TESTS OF INSULATIONS AND JACKETS5. Scope5.1 Physical tests include determination of the followingproperties of insulations and jackets:5.1.1 Thickness,5.1.2 Tensile strength,5.1.3 Ultimate elongation,5.1.4 Accelerated aging,5.1.5 Effects of oil immersion,5.1.6 Accelerated water

24、 absorption,5.1.7 Flame test evaluation,5.1.8 Heat shock,5.1.9 Heat distortion, and5.1.10 Cold bend.6. Significance and Use6.1 Physical tests, properly interpreted, provide informationwith regard to the physical properties of the insulation orjacket. The physical test values give an approximation of

25、 howthe insulation will physically perform in its service life.Physical tests provide useful data for research anddevelopment, engineering design, quality control, and accep-tance or rejection under specifications.7. Sampling7.1 Number of SamplesUnless otherwise required by thedetailed product speci

26、fication, sample the wire and cable to dothe physical tests other than the tests for insulation and jacketthickness, as follows:7.1.1 For sizes of less than 250 kcmil (127 mm2)Selectone sample for each quantity ordered between 2000 ft (600 m)and 50 000 ft (15 200 m) of wire or cable. Select one addi

27、tionalsample for each additional 50 000 ft thereafter. Do not select asample from lots of less than 2000 ft.7.1.2 For sizes of 250 kcmil (127 mm2) and overSelectone sample for each quantity ordered between 1000 ft (300 m)and 25 000 ft (7600 m) of wire or cable. Select one additionalsample for each a

28、dditional 25 000 ft thereafter. Do not select asample from lots of less than 1000 ft.7.2 Size of SamplesChoose samples at least 6 ft (2 m) inlength when the wire size is less than 250 kcmil (127 mm2).Select a sample at least 3 ft (1 m) in length when the wire sizeis 250 kcmil or larger.8. Test Speci

29、mens8.1 Number of SpecimensFrom each of the samples se-lected in accordance with Section 7, prepare test specimens asfollows:Test Number of Test SpecimensFor determination of original tensile strengthand ultimate elongation3For aging test 3For oil immersion 3When only one or two samples are selected

30、, test all threespecimens of each sample, and report the average result ofeach. Otherwise, test one specimen of each three and hold theother two specimens in reserve.8.2 Size of SpecimensWhen testing wire smaller than 6AWG (13.3 mm2) which has an insulation thickness less than0.095 in. (2.41 mm), te

31、st the entire specimen cut from thesection of the insulation. When testing wire of 6 AWG andlarger, or wire smaller than 6 AWG having an insulationthickness greater than 0.095 in., cut specimens approximatelysquare in section, with a cross section not greater than 0.025in.2(1.6 mm2) from the insulat

32、ion. If necessary, use a seg-mented or sector-shaped specimen. Make the test specimensapproximately 6 in. (150 mm) long. Take the jacket compoundtest specimens from the complete wire assembly. Cut the4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelph

33、ia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from The Insulated Cable Engineers Association, Inc. (ICEA), P.O.Box 1568, Carrollton, GA 30112, http:/.6Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,WA 98607-8542, http:/.D2633 13a2specimens parallel to the axis of the wire. Cut

34、a test specimen(either a segment or sector) with a suitable sharp instrument.Alternatively, use a die to prepare a shaped specimen with across-sectional area not greater than 0.025 in.2.8.3 Preparation of SpecimensPrepare specimens havingsmooth uncut surfaces. Remove irregularities and corrugationsb

35、y buffing, planing, or skiving so that the test specimen issmooth and uniform in thickness. Remove reinforcing cords orwires carefully. Do not heat, immerse in water, or subjectspecimens to any mechanical or chemical treatment not spe-cifically prescribed in these test methods.Additional treatmentsm

36、ust be agreed upon by the producer and the purchaser.8.4 Insulation removal is often facilitated by stretching theconductor to the breaking point in a tensile-strength machine,or by cutting the insulation through to the conductor,longitudinally, and carefully removing it.9. Measurement of Thickness

37、of Specimens9.1 Make thickness measurements of the insulation with anytype of micrometer reading to 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) andsuitable for measurements of this characteristic. See TestMethods D374 for appropriate measuring devices.ApparatusAis preferred, Apparatus C and Apparatus D are acceptable, but

38、Apparatus B is not recommended. The average thickness of theinsulation is calculated as one half the difference between themean of the maximum and minimum diameters over theinsulation at one point and the average diameter of theconductor measured at the same point. The minimum thicknessof the insula

39、tion is calculated as the difference between ameasurement made over the conductor plus the thinnestinsulation wall, and the diameter of the conductor. (Make thefirst measurement after slicing off the thicker side of theinsulation.) When the wire or cable has a jacket, remove thejacket and determine

40、its minimum and maximum thickness bymicrometer measurement. Take the average of these determi-nations as the average thickness of the jacket.9.2 If the procedures given in 9.1 cannot be followedconveniently, use of an optical micrometer is permitted.9.3 Number of Thickness MeasurementsWhen the lot o

41、fwire to be inspected consists of two or fewer coils or reels,make at least one determination of the thickness on each coil orreel. When the lot is greater than two coils or reels and fewerthan 20 coils or reels, make at least one determination of thethickness on each of two coils or reels selected

42、at random. Forlots greater than 20 coils or reels, randomly select a minimumof 10 % of the coils or reels. Make at least one determinationof thickness on each coil or reel selected.10. Physical Test Procedures10.1 Determine the physical properties in accordance withTest Method D638, except as specif

43、ied in 10.2, 10.3, and 10.4.10.2 Test the specimens at a temperature of 68 to 82 F (20to 28 C).10.3 Mark specimens for all physical tests with gauge marks1 in. (25 mm) apart. Place a specimen in the jaws of the testingmachine. The maximum distance between the jaws is 2 in. (50mm).10.4 Test insulatio

44、n or jacketing at a jaw separation speed asspecified in Specification D1248 or other applicable productspecification.11. Calculation of Area of Specimens11.1 Calculate the area of a test specimen as follows:11.1.1 When the total cross-section of the insulation is used,calculate the area as the diffe

45、rence between the area of thecircle whose diameter is the average outside diameter of theinsulation and the area of the conductor. Calculate the area ofa stranded conductor from its maximum diameter.11.1.2 Where the specimen is a slice cut from the insulationby a knife held tangent to the wire, and

46、the resulting cross-section of that slice is not a segment of a circle, calculate thearea from a direct measurement of the volume or from thespecific gravity and the weight of a known length of thespecimen having a uniform cross-section.11.1.3 When a portion of a sector of a circle is taken froma la

47、rge conductor, calculate the area as the thickness times thewidth. (This applies either to a die cut specimen or one fromwhich all corrugations have been removed.)11.1.4 Determine the dimensions of specimens to be agedbefore the aging cycle is begun.12. Aging Test12.1 Age specimens in accordance wit

48、h Test Method D573,except as specified in 12.2, 12.3, and 12.4.12.2 Use an oven that meets the requirements given inSpecification D5423 for Type II ovens.12.3 The product specification defines the test period andtemperature of heat aging.12.4 Test the tensile strength and ultimate elongation of thes

49、pecimens between 16 and 96 h after completion of heat aging.Use the procedure described in Section 11. Perform physicaltests on both aged and unaged specimens at the same time.13. Oil Immersion Test13.1 Oil Immersion Test for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Insulationand JacketImmerse the following test specimens in ASTMOil No. 2, IRM902, or equivalent, described in Table 1 of TestMethod D471,at1586 1.8 F (70 6 1 C) for 4 h.13.1.1 When using insulated conductors in sizes smallerthan 6 AWG (13.3 mm2), do not immerse the ends of thespecimens.13.1.2 Bu