ASTM D2414-2008a Standard Test Method for Carbon Black&x2014 Oil Absorption Number (OAN).pdf
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1、Designation: D 2414 08aStandard Test Method forCarbon BlackOil Absorption Number (OAN)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2414; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oilabsorptio
3、n number of carbon black.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this
4、standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used inRubber ProductsD 1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling PackagedShip
5、mentsD 1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Ship-mentsD 4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustriesD 4821 Guide for Carbon BlackValidation of TestMethod Precision and Bias3. Summary of Test Method3.1 In this test metho
6、d, oil is added by means of aconstant-rate buret to a sample of carbon black in the mixerchamber of an absorptometer. As the sample absorbs the oil,the mixture changes from a free-flowing state to one of asemiplastic agglomeration, with an accompanying increase inviscosity. This increased viscosity
7、is transmitted to the torque-sensing system of the absorptometer. When the viscosity of themixture reaches a predetermined torque level, the absorptom-eter and buret will shut off simultaneously. The volume of oiladded is read from the direct-reading buret. The volume of oilper unit mass of carbon b
8、lack is the oil absorption number.3.2 Either DBP or paraffin oil is acceptable for use withstandard pelleted grades including N-series carbon blacksfound in Classification D 1765. OAN testing using paraffin oilon some specialty blacks and powder blacks may result inunacceptable differences as compar
9、ed to OAN testing usingDBP oil. While studies have shown either oil to exhibitcomparable precision, paraffin oil offers the advantage of beingnon-hazardous; even FDA-approved grades are available. Foreither oil, Sections 8-11 (Calibration, Procedure, Calculation,and Report) are to be consistent with
10、 the oil selected for use.Referee testing between suppliers and users should use DBPoiluntil such time that precision data are available for paraffin oil.4. Significance and Use4.1 The oil absorption number of a carbon black is related tothe processing and vulcanizate properties of rubber compoundsc
11、ontaining the carbon black.5. Apparatus35.1 Balance, analytical, with an 0.01-g sensitivity.5.2 Oven, gravity-convection type, capable of maintaining125 6 5C.5.3 Spatula, rubber, 100-mm.5.4 Absorptometer, equipped with a constant-rate buret thatdelivers 4 6 0.024 cm3/min.45.5 Desiccator.6. Reagent a
12、nd Standards6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,1This test method is under the jurisdiction o
13、fASTM Committee D24 on CarbonBlack and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.11 on Carbon BlackStructure.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D 2414 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit t
14、he ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3All apparatus are to be operated and maintained in accordance with themanufacturers directions for
15、optimum performance.4Available from C. W. Brabender Instruments, Inc., 50 E. Wesley St., SoutHackensack, NJ 07606 () and from HITEC Luxembourg, 5 Ruede lEglise, L-1458 Luxembourg (www.hitec.lu).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Unite
16、d States.where such specifications are available.5Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.6.2 n-Dibutyl Phthalate, having a density of 1.042 to 1.047Mg/m3at 25C and a
17、 relative density of 1.045 to 1.050 at 25C.6.3 Paraffn Oil, having a kinematic viscosity of 10 to34 mm2/s (cSt) at 40C.NOTE 1Three paraffin oils have been found suitable including Marcol82 from Exxon, 80/90 White Oil from Conoco-Phillips, and LC1 oil fromLab Chemicals, Germany. All three oils are ph
18、armaceutical or food gradeoil, or both, based on available data.6.4 ASTM D24 Standard Reference Blacks, SRB-6.67. Sampling7.1 Samples shall be taken in accordance with PracticesD 1799 and D 1900.8. Calibration and Standardization8.1 Absorptometer:8.1.1 ModelThree different types of absorptometers ar
19、e inuse: 1) early models based on springs and mechanical indica-tion of torque (Type A and B), 2) second generation absorp-tometers equipped with load cells and digital torque display(Type E), and 3) current model absorptometers controlled viamicrocomputer software (Type C and H) and Type E absorp-t
20、ometers which utilize add-on data acquisition and controlsystems. Several components influence the calibration: thedynamometer torque spring or the load cell, the torque limitswitch or the indicator set-point, the damper (oil damper orelectronic damping), and the mixing head consisting of twocounter
21、-rotating blades and a mixing bowl. It is necessary thatall of these components are in good condition and are properlyadjusted to achieve acceptable calibration.8.1.2 Mixing BowlTypically the absorptometer is deliv-ered with either a surface-treated stainless steel or anodizedaluminum mixing bowl. T
22、hese bowls are considered accept-able provided they give the correct reading for the appropriateSRB reference standards. The surface finish of the mixerchamber is critical for maintaining proper calibration, and thebowl should not be modified to achieve calibration.NOTE 2Stainless steel chambers hav
23、e been found satisfactory for thetest when they are manufactured to a roughness value (Ra) of 2.5 60.4 m (100 6 15 in.) based upon 8 measurements. No single measure-ment should be greater than 3.6 m (140 in.) or less than 1.5 m (60in.). Stainless steel bowls purchased with an absorptometer have been
24、pre-polished for 16 h to minimize bowl surface changes affectingcalibration during their initial use. It is recommended that new replace-ment stainless steel bowls should also be pre-polished in the same manner(see Annex A3).8.2 Calibration:8.2.1 Rotor BladesThe speed of the motor driving therotor b
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