[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷203及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷 203及答案与解析 一、 PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 0 Developing a bad habit is easier than many might think. “ You can become addicted potentially anything you do,“ says Mark【 S1】 _ Griffiths, an addiction researcher at Nottingham Trent University in the UK, “because addictions rely in constant rew
2、ards. “ Indeed,【 S2】 _ although definitions of addiction vary, there is a body of evidence that suggests drug addictions and non-drug habits should share the【 S3】 _ same neural pathways. While only a hardcore few can be considered true technology addicts, an entirely unscientific survey of the web,
3、and of New Scientist staff, has revealed what prevalent techno-【 S4】 _ addictions may have become. The web at particular has opened up a host of opportunities for【 S5】 _ overindulgence. Take Wikipedia. Updating the entries something anyone can do has become almost a way of life for some. There are m
4、ore than 2,400 “Wikipedians“ , which have edited more than【 S6】 _ 4,000 pages each. “Its clearly like crack for some people,“ says Dan Closely at Cornell University in New York, who has studied how websites such as Wikipedia foster a community. To committed Wikipedians, he says, the site is less tha
5、n a useful information【 S7】 _ resource; its the embodiment of an ideology of free information for all. E-mail is another area where things can get out of the hand.【 S8】 _ While e-mail has led to a revival of the habit of penning short notes to friends and acquaintances, the ease with that we can do
6、this【 S9】 _ means that we dont always think hard enough about where our casual comments could end up. This was the undoing of U. S. broadcaster Keith Olbermann, who earlier this year sent a private e-mail which he described a fellow MSNBC reporter as “dumber【 S10】 _ than a suitcase of rocks“. Unfort
7、unately for Olbermann, the words found their way into the New York Daily News. 1 【 S1】 2 【 S2】 3 【 S3】 4 【 S4】 5 【 S5】 6 【 S6】 7 【 S7】 8 【 S8】 9 【 S9】 10 【 S10】 10 People in every workplace talk about organizational culture, the mysterious word that characterizes a work environment. One of the key q
8、uestions and assessments, when employers interview a perspective employee, is to explore whether the candidate is a good【 S1】 _ cultural fit. Culture is difficult to define, but you generally know when you will have found an employee who appears to fit your【 S2】 _ culture. He just feels right. Cultu
9、re is environment that surrounds you at work all of the【 S3】 _ time. Culture is a powerful element that shapes your work enjoyment, your work relationships, and your work processes. But, culture is something which you cannot actually see, except through【 S4】 _ their physical manifestations in your w
10、ork place.【 S5】 _ In any ways, culture is like personality. In a person, the【 S6】 _ personality is made up of the values, beliefs, underlying assumptions, interests, experiences, upbringing, and habits that create a persons behavior. Culture is made up of the values, beliefs, underlying assumptions,
11、 attitudes, but behaviors shared by a group of people.【 S7】 _ Culture is the behavior that results when a group arrives in a set of 【 S8】 _ generally unspoken and unwritten rules for working together. An organizations culture is made up of all of the life experience each employee brings to the organ
12、ization. Culture is【 S9】 _ especially influenced by the organizations founder, executives, and another managerial staff because of their role of decision-making and【 S10】 _ strategic direction. 11 【 S1】 12 【 S2】 13 【 S3】 14 【 S4】 15 【 S5】 16 【 S6】 17 【 S7】 18 【 S8】 19 【 S9】 20 【 S10】 20 We have seen
13、 that the mere phonetic framework of speech does not constitute the inner fact of language and that single sound of articulated speech is not, as such, a linguistic element at all. For all that, speech is so inevitably bound up with sounds and its【 S1】 _ articulation that we can hardly avoid giving
14、the subject of phonetics some general consideration. Experience has shown that neither the purely formal aspects of a language or the course of its history can be【 S2】 _ fully understood without reference with the sounds in which this form【 S3】 _ and this history are embodied. The feeling that the a
15、verage speaker has of his language is that it is built up, acoustically speaking, of a comparatively small number of distinctive sounds, each of which is【 S4】 _ rather accurately provided for in the current alphabet by one letter or, in few cases, by two or more alternative letters. As for the【 S5】
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