[外语类试卷]2017年12月大学英语六级真题试卷（一）及答案与解析.doc

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1、2017年 12月大学英语六级真题试卷（一）及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Respect others, and you will be respected. “ You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section

2、A （ A） They reward businesses that eliminate food waste. （ B） They prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stale. （ C） They facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy. （ D） They forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed. （ A） It imposed penalties on businesses that waste food.

3、（ B） It passed a law aiming to stop overproduction. （ C） It voted against food import from outside Europe. （ D） It prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales. （ A） It has warned its people against possible food shortages. （ B） It has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foods. （ C） It has s

4、tarted a nationwide campaign against food waste. （ D） It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods. （ A） The confusion over food expiration labels. （ B） The surplus resulting from overproduction. （ C） Americans habit of buying food in bulk. （ D） A lack of regulation on food consumption. （ A）

5、 It has started a week-long promotion campaign. （ B） It has just launched its annual anniversary sales. （ C） It offers regular weekend sales all the year round. （ D） It specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses. （ A） Price reductions for its frequent customers. （ B） Coupons for customers wi

6、th bulk purchases. （ C） Free delivery of purchases for senior customers. （ D） Price adjustments within seven days of purchase. （ A） Mail a gift card to her. （ B） Allow her to buy on credit. （ C） Credit it to her account. （ D） Give her some coupons. （ A） Refunding for goods returned. （ B） Free instal

7、ling of appliances. （ C） Prolonged goods warranty. （ D） Complimentary tailoring. Section B （ A） They are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings. （ B） They have more than twenty different hair textures. （ C） They have twenty-four different body shapes in total. （ D） They represent people from virtu

8、ally all walks of life. （ A） They do not reflect young girls aspirations. （ B） They are not sold together with the original. （ C） Their flat feet do not appeal to adolescents. （ D） Their body shapes have not changed much. （ A） In toy stores. （ B） In shopping malls. （ C） On the Internet. （ D） At Barb

9、ie shops. （ A） Moveable metal type began to be used in printing. （ B） Chinese printing technology was first introduced. （ C） The earliest known book was published. （ D） Metal type was imported from Korea. （ A） It had more than a hundred printing presses. （ B） It was the biggest printer in the 16th c

10、entury. （ C） It helped the German people become literate. （ D） It produced some 20 million volumes in total. （ A） It pushed handwritten books out of circulation. （ B） It boosted the circulation of popular works. （ C） It made writing a very profitable career. （ D） It provided readers with more choice

11、s. （ A） It accelerated the extinction of the Latin language. （ B） It standardized the publication of grammar books. （ C） It turned translation into a welcome profession. （ D） It promoted the growth of national languages. Section C （ A） They get bored after working for a period of time. （ B） They spe

12、nd an average of one year finding a job. （ C） They become stuck in the same job for decades. （ D） They choose a job without thinking it through. （ A） See if there will be chances for promotion. （ B） Find out what job choices are available. （ C） Watch a film about ways of job hunting. （ D） Decide whi

13、ch job is most attractive to you. （ A） The qualifications you have. （ B） The pay you are going to get. （ C） The culture of your target company. （ D） The work environment you will be in. （ A） It is as important as Christmas for African-Americans. （ B） It is a cultural festival founded for African-Ame

14、ricans. （ C） It is an ancient festival celebrated by African-Americans. （ D） It is a religious festival celebrated by African-Americans. （ A） To urge African-Americans to do more for society. （ B） To call on African-Americans to worship their gods. （ C） To help African-Americans to realize their goa

15、ls. （ D） To remind African-Americans of their sufferings. （ A） Faith in self-determination. （ B） The first fruits of the harvest. （ C） Unity and cooperative economics. （ D） Creative work and achievement. （ A） They recite a principle. （ B） They take a solemn oath. （ C） They drink wine from the unity

16、cup. （ D） They call out their ancestors names. （ A） It is one of the worlds most healthy diets. （ B） It contains large amounts of dairy products. （ C） It began to impact the world in recent years. （ D） It consists mainly of various kinds of seafood. （ A） It involved 13,000 researchers from Asia, Eur

17、ope and America. （ B） It was conducted in seven Mid-Eastern countries in the 1950s. （ C） It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind. （ D） It has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over. （ A） They care much about their health. （ B） They eat foods with little fat. （ C）

18、They use little oil in cooking. （ D） They have lower mortality rates. Section A 26 In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africas largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed

19、by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices. The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigerias largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of【 C1】 _. The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops

20、by【 C2】 _on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It【 C3】 _incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have【 C4】 _in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa. In

21、Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insects effects are devastating. Retail prices for a【 C5】 _of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0. 50 to $2. 50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $ 20 million tomato-paste factory has【 C6】 _production due to the shortages.

22、 Given the moths ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigerias minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food【 C7】 _“ in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pests damage and prevent its spread, wh

23、ich has gone largely【 C8】_until now. Despite being the continents second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is【 C9】_on $ 1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further【 C10】_in local sup

24、plies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry. A)dependent I)originated B)embarking J)reduction C)emergency K)reproduces D)feeding L)security E)grazes M)terror F)halted N)unchecked G)handful O)untouched H)multitude 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【

25、 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Whos Really Addicting You to Technology? A “Nearly everyone I know is addicted in some measure to the Internet,“ wrote Tony Schwartz in The New York Times. Its a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the Net and its offspring apps, socia

26、l media sites and online games of addicting us to distraction. B Theres little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the Net has difficulty disconnecting. Many of us, like Schwartz, struggle to stay focused on tasks that require more concentration than it takes to post a status update

27、. As one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartzs online article, “ As I was reading this very excellent article, I stopped at least half a dozen times to check my email. “ C Theres something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. But whos at fault

28、for its overuse? To find solutions, its important to understand what were dealing with. There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected: the tech, your boss, your friends and you. D The technologies themselves, and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention

29、 spans. Nicholas Carr, author of The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, wrote, “The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention. “ E Online services like Facebook, Twitter and the like, are called out as masters of manipulation making product

30、s so good that people cant stop using them. After studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. Since these services rely on advertising revenue, the more frequently you use them, the more money they make. Its no wond

31、er these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. These products arent habit-forming by chance: its by design. They have an incentive to keep us hooked. F However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep t

32、hem at bay. For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check. According to Adam Marchick, CEO of mobile marketing company Kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification settingsmeaning the remainin

33、g 85 percent of us default to the app makers every preset trigger. Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to achust these settings so its up to us to take steps to ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers. G While companies like Facebook harvest at

34、tention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. Take email, for example. This system couldnt care less how often you use it. Yet to many, email is the most habit-forming medium of all. We check email at all hours of the daywere obsessed. But why? Because thats w

35、hat the boss wants. For almost all white-collar jobs, email is the primary tool of corporate communication. A slow response to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood. H Your friends are also responsible for the addiction. Think about this familiar scene. People gather

36、ed around a table, enjoying food and each others company. Theres laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what. Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing. I Now, imagine the same dinner, but instead of checking

37、their phone, the person belches(打嗝 ) loudly. Everyone notices. Unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. One has to wonder: why dont we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and

38、 conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors? Somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends. J The reality is, taking ones phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. Once one person looks at their phone,

39、other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. The more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally youre the only one left not reading email or checking Twitter. From a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more l

40、ike another bad habit. Our phones are like cigarettessomething to do when were anxious, bored or when our fingers need something to toy with. Seeing others enjoy a smoke, or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it. K The technology, your boss, and your friends,

41、all influence how often you find yourself using(or overusing)these gadgets. But theres still someone who deserves scrutinythe person holding the phone. L I have a confession. Even though I study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me. Im online far more than Id like.

42、 like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off task. I wanted to know why so I began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. Thats when I discovered an uncomfortable truth. I use technology as an escape. When Im doing something Id rather not do, or when Im somepl

43、ace Id rather not be, I use my phone to port myself elsewhere. I found that this ability to instantly shift my attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation. But frequently my tech use was not so benign. When I faced difficult work, like thinking through an articl

44、e idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. I could easily escape discomfort, temporarily, by answering email or browsing the web under the pretense of so-called “ research. “ Though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, I fin

45、ally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延 ). M Its easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates debated the nature of “akrasia“our tendency to do things

46、 against our interests. If were honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds. If we werent on our devices, wed likely do something similarly unproductive. N Personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and theres no doubt companies are engineering their prod

47、ucts and services to be more compelling and attractive. But would we want it any other way? The intended result of making something better is that people use it more. Thats not necessarily a problem, thats progress. O These improvements dont mean we shouldnt attempt to control our use of technology.

48、 In order to make sure it doesnt control us, we should come to terms with the fact that its more than the technology itself thats responsible for our habits. Our workplace culture, social norms and individual behaviors all play a part. To put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of

49、 how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us. 37 Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate. 38 The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand. 39 Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching. 40 To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us. 41