ASTM C192 C192M-2013 Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory《实验室中混凝土试样制备和养护的标准操作规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: C192/C192M 12aC192/C192M 13Standard Practice forMaking and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in theLaboratory1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C192/C192M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision,

2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers pr

3、ocedures for making and curing test specimens of concrete in the laboratory under accurate controlof materials and test conditions using concrete that can be consolidated by rodding or vibration as described herein.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separ

4、ately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety conce

5、rns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burn

6、s to exposedskin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C70 Test Method for Surface Moisture in Fine AggregateC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coa

7、rse AggregateC128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine AggregateC138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC172/C172M Practice for Sampl

8、ing Freshly Mixed ConcreteC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure MethodC330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural ConcreteC403/C403M Test Method

9、for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration ResistanceC470/C470M Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete Test Cylinders VerticallyC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Us

10、ed in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by DryingC617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC1077 Practice forAgencies

11、Testing Concrete and ConcreteAggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for TestingAgencyEvaluation1 This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on Testingfor Strength.Current edition app

12、roved Dec. 1, 2012Aug. 1, 2013. Published January 2013August 2013. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asC192/C192M 12.C192/C192M 12a. DOI: 10.1520/C0192_C0192M-12a.10.1520/C0192_C0192M-13.2 See section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,A

13、nnual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not

14、 an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate

15、. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2

16、 American Concrete Institute Publications:4211.3 Practice for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Concrete309309R Guide for Concrete ConsolidationConsolidation of Concrete3. Significance and Use3.1 This practice provides standardized requirements for preparation of materials, mixing concrete, and mak

17、ing and curingconcrete test specimens under laboratory conditions.3.2 If specimen preparation is controlled as stipulated herein, the specimens may be used to develop information for thefollowing purposes:3.2.1 Mixture proportioning for project concrete,3.2.2 Evaluation of different mixtures and mat

18、erials,3.2.3 Correlation with nondestructive tests, and3.2.4 Providing specimens for research purposes.NOTE 1The concrete test results for concrete specimens made and cured using this practice are widely used. They may be the basis for acceptancetesting for project concrete, research evaluations, an

19、d other studies. Careful and knowledgeable handling of materials, mixing concrete, molding testspecimens, and curing test specimens is necessary. Many laboratories performing this important work are independently inspected or accredited. PracticeC1077 identifies and defines the duties, responsibilit

20、ies, and minimum technical qualification requirements of laboratory personnel and the minimumrequirements for equipment used in testing concrete and concrete aggregates.4. Apparatus4.1 Molds, GeneralMolds for specimens or fastenings thereto in contact with the concrete shall be made of steel, cast i

21、ron,or other nonabsorbent material, nonreactive with concrete containing portland or other hydraulic cements. Molds shall conformto the dimensions and tolerances specified in the method for which the specimens are required. Molds shall hold their dimensionsand shape under all conditions of use. Wate

22、rtightness of molds during use shall be judged by their ability to hold water poured intothem. Test procedures for watertightness are given in the section on Test Methods for Elongation, Absorption, and Watertightnessof Specification C470/C470M. A suitable sealant, such as heavy grease, modeling cla

23、y, or microcrystalline wax, shall be usedwhere necessary to prevent leakage through the joints. Positive means shall be provided to hold base plates firmly to the molds.Reusable molds shall be lightly coated with mineral oil or a suitable nonreactive release material before use.4.2 Cylinder Molds:4.

24、2.1 Molds for Casting Specimens Vertically shall conform to the requirements of 4.1 and Specification C470/C470M.4.2.2 Horizontal Molds for Creep Test Cylinders shall conform to the requirements of 4.1 and to the requirements for symmetryand dimensional tolerance in the section on General Requiremen

25、ts except for verticality requirements of SpecificationC470/C470M. The use of horizontal molds is intended only for creep specimens that contain axially embedded strain gages. Moldsfor creep cylinders to be filled while supported in a horizontal position shall have a filling slot parallel to the axi

26、s of the mold whichextends the full length to receive the concrete. The width of the slot shall be one half the diameter of the specimen. If necessarythe edges of the slot shall be reinforced to maintain dimensional stability. Unless specimens are to be capped or ground to produceplane ends, the mol

27、ds shall be provided with two machined metal end plates at least 25 mm 1 in. thick and the working surfacesshall comply with the requirements for planeness and surface roughness given in the section on Capping Plates of PracticeC617/C617M. Provision shall be made for fixing both end plates firmly to

28、 the mold. The inside surface of each end plate shall beprovided with at least three lugs or studs approximately 25 mm 1 in. long, firmly fastened to the plate for embedment in theconcrete. One base plate shall be drilled from the inside at an angle to permit the lead wire from the strain gage to ex

29、it the specimenthrough the edge of the plate. Provision shall be made for accurately positioning the strain gage. All necessary holes shall be assmall as possible to minimize disturbance to subsequent strain measurements and shall be sealed to prevent leakage.4.3 Beam and Prism Molds shall be rectan

30、gular in shape (unless otherwise specified) and of the dimensions required to producethe desired specimen size. The inside surfaces of the molds shall be smooth and free from indentations. The sides, bottom, andends shall be at right angles to each other and shall be straight and true and free of wa

31、rpage. Maximum variation from the nominalcross section shall not exceed 3 mm 18 in. for molds with depth or breadth of 150 mm 6 in. or more, or 2 mm 116 in. formolds of smaller depth or breadth. Except for flexure specimens, molds shall not vary from the nominal length by more than 2mm 116 in. Flexu

32、re molds shall not be shorter than 2 mm 116 in. of the required length, but may exceed it by more than thatamount.4.4 Tamping RodsRodTwo sizes are specified in ASTM methods. Each shall be a round, straight steelA round, smooth,straight, steel rod with a diameter conforming to the requirements in Tab

33、le 2rod with at least the . The length of the tamping rodshall be at least 100 mm 4 in. greater than the depth of the mold in which rodding is being performed, but not greater than 600mm 24 in. in overall length (see Note 2tamping end ). The rod shall have the tamping end or both ends rounded to a h

34、emisphericaltip of the same diameter as the rod. Both ends may be rounded, if preferred.4 Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.C192/C192M 1324.4.1 Larger Rod, 16 mm 58 in. in diameter and approximately 600 mm 24 in. l

35、ong.NOTE 2Arod length of 400 mm 16 in. to 600 mm 24 in. meets the requirements of the following: Practice C31/C31M, Test Method C138/C138M,Test Method C143/C143M, Test Method C173/C173M, and Test Method C231/C231M.4.4.2 Smaller Rod, 10 mm 38 in. in diameter and approximately 300 mm 12 in. long.4.5 M

36、alletsA mallet with a rubber or rawhide head weighing 0.6 6 0.200.6 6 0.2 kg 1.25 6 0.50 lb shall be used.4.6 Vibrators:4.6.1 Internal VibratorsThe vibrator frequency shall be at least 7000 vibrations per minute (115 Hz) while the vibrator isoperating in the concrete. The diameter of a round vibrato

37、r shall be no more than one fourth the diameter of the cylinder mold orone fourth the width of the beam or prism mold. Other shaped vibrators shall have a perimeter equivalent to the circumferenceof an appropriate round vibrator. The combined length of the vibrator shaft and vibrating element shall

38、exceed the depth of thesection being vibrated by at least 75 mm 3 in.NOTE 3For information on size and frequency of various vibrators and method to periodically check vibrator frequency, see ACI 309.309R.4.6.2 External VibratorsThe two types of external vibrators permitted are either table or plank.

39、 The external vibratorfrequency shall be 3600 vibrations per minute (60 Hz) or higher.4.6.3 Provisions shall be made for clamping the mold securely to the apparatus for both types of vibrators.NOTE 4Vibratory impulses are frequently imparted to a table or plank vibrator through electromagnetic means

40、, or by use of an eccentric weight onthe shaft of an electric motor or on a separate shaft driven by a motor.4.7 Small ToolsTools and items such as shovels, pails, trowels, wood float, blunted trowels, straightedge, feeler gage, scoops,rulers, rubber gloves, and metal mixing bowls shall be provided.

41、4.8 Slump ApparatusThe apparatus for measurement of slump shall conform to the requirements of Test MethodC143/C143M.4.9 Sampling and Mixing PanThe pan shall be flat-bottom and of heavy-gage metal, watertight, of convenient depth, and ofsufficient capacity to allow easy mixing by shovel or trowel of

42、 the entire batch; or, if mixing is by machine, to receive the entirebatch on discharge of the mixer and allow remixing in the pan by trowel or shovel.4.10 Wet-Sieving EquipmentIf wet-sieving is required, the equipment shall conform to the requirements of PracticeC172/C172M.4.11 Air Content Apparatu

43、sThe apparatus for measuring air content shall conform to the requirements of either Test MethodsC231/C231M or C173/C173M.4.12 ScalesScales for determining the mass of batches of materials and concrete shall be accurate within 0.3 % of the test loadat any point within the range of use.NOTE 5In gener

44、al the mass of small quantities should not be determined on large capacity scales. In many applications the smallest mass determinedon a scale should be greater than about 10 % of the maximum capacity of the scale; however, this will vary with the performance characteristics of thescale and the requ

45、ired accuracy of the determination.Acceptable scales used for determining the mass for concrete materials preferably should determinemass accurately to about 0.1 % of total capacity and the foregoing precaution is applicable. However, certain analytical and precision balances areTABLE 2 Diameter of

46、Rod and Number of Roddings to be Used in Molding Test SpecimensCylindersDiameter of Cylinder, mm in. Diameter of Rod mm in. Number of Strokes/Layer75 3 to 150 6 10 38 2575 3 to 150 6 10 2 38 116 25150 6 16 58 25150 6 16 2 58 116 25200 8 16 58 50200 8 16 2 58 116 50250 10 16 58 75250 10 16 2 58 116 7

47、5Beams and PrismsTop Surface Area of Specimen, cm2 in.2 Diameter of Rod mm in. Number of Roddings/Layer160 25 or less 10 38 25160 25 or less 10 2 38 116 25165 to 310 26 to 49 10 38 one for each 7 cm2 1 in.2 of surface165 to 310 26 to 49 10 2 38 116 one for each 7 cm2 1 in.2 of surface320 50 or more

48、16 58 one for each 14 cm2 2 in.2 of surface320 50 or more 16 2 58 116 one for each 14 cm2 2 in. 2 of surfaceHorizontal Creep CylindersDiameter of Cylinder mm in. Diameter of Rod mm in. Number of Roddings/Layer150 6 16 58 50 total, 25 along both sides of axis150 6 16 2 58 116 50 total, 25 along both

49、sides of axisC192/C192M 133exceptions to this rule and should weigh accurately to 0.001 %. Particular care must be exercised in measuring small quantities of material by determiningthe difference between two much larger masses.4.13 Temperature Measuring DeviceThe temperature measuring device shall conform to the requirements of Test MethodC1064/C1064M.4.14 Co