ASTM C183 C183M-2015 Standard Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement《水硬性水泥的取样及试验用量的标准实践规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: C183 13C183/C183M 15Standard Practice forSampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C183;C183/C183M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the y

2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers proc

3、edures for sampling and for the amount of testing of hydraulic cement after it has beenmanufactured and is ready to be offered for sale.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The inch-pound unitsin parentheses are for information p

4、urposes only.standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result innon-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units or inch-pound units shall be obtained by meas

5、urement in SI units orinch-pound units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI10, Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound units are not used in practice1.2.1 A ton as used in this practice is 907 kg (2000 lb).1.2.2 Values in

6、 SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules forConversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurement made in other units.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These

7、 notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate sa

8、fety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C10/C10M Specification for Natural CementC91C91/C91M Specification for Masonry CementC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars

9、(Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC115 Test Method for Fineness of Portland Cement by the TurbidimeterC150C150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC151C151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC157/C157M Test Me

10、thod for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydra

11、ulic Cement by Air-Permeability ApparatusC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C265 Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement MortarC266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by Gillmore N

12、eedlesC430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 45-m (No. 325) SieveC451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Paste Method)1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.95 on Coordination

13、 of Standards.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013April 1, 2015. Published September 2013April 2015. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 asC183 08.C183 13. DOI: 10.1520/C0183-13.10.1520/C0183_C0183M-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.as

14、tm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what c

15、hanges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the of

16、ficial document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C452C452/C452M Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to SulfateC595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC563C806 Test Method

17、 for Approximation of Optimum SORestrained Expansion of Expansive 3 in Hydraulic Cement UsingCompressive StrengthCement MortarC595C807 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsTest Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement Mortar byModified Vicat NeedleC845C845/C845M Specification for Expansi

18、ve Hydraulic CementC1012C1012/C1012M Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC1038/C1038M Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored in WaterC1157C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementC1328C1328/C1328M Specific

19、ation for Plastic (Stucco) CementC1329C1329/C1329M Specification for Mortar CementC1357 Test Methods for Evaluating Masonry Bond StrengthC1506 Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and PlastersE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test SievesIEEE/ASTM SI 1

20、0 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 ACI Standard:225.1R Guide to the Selection and Use of Hydraulic Cements33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lot (of cement)specific quantity of cement offered for inspection a

21、t any one time. A lot may be one or more storage binsfilled consecutively.Alot may also be the contents of one or more transport units representing cement drawn from the same storagebin.3.1.2 reduced testing ratetest program that provides for the testing of only two samples from any given lot of sam

22、plesobtained and prepared for testing at the normal rate as described herein. The program utilizes probability factors and is so designedthat when results from the two samples fulfill the requirements of the program it may be said with 95 % confidence that less than5 % of the samples would be outsid

23、e the specification limits.3.1.3 ton, n907 kg 2000 lb (as used in this practice).4. Significance and Use4.1 The sampling procedures described are intended for use in the procurement of samples of hydraulic cement after it has beenmanufactured and is ready to be offered for sale. They are not intende

24、d as sampling procedures for quality control purposes duringmanufacturing. The testing procedures outlined cover the amount of testing to be done and provide guidance for reporting onconformance or non-conformance of cements with requirements of purchase specifications.4.2 This practice is reference

25、d as the procedure for sampling natural cement (Specification C10/C10M), masonry cement(Specification C91C91/C91M), portland cement (Specification C150C150/C150M), blended hydraulic cement (SpecificationC595C595/C595M), expansive hydraulic cement (Specification C845C845/C845M), hydraulic cement base

26、d on a performancespecification (Specification C1157/C1157M), plastic stucco cement (Specification C1328C1328/C1328M), and mortar cement(Specification C1329C1329/C1329M), and hydraulic cement based on a performance specification (Specification C1157).4.3 Most building codes and construction specific

27、ations require that hydraulic cement to be used in the work meet the applicablerequirements of the relevant purchase specifications, such as Specifications C91C10/C10M, C91/C91M, C150C150/C150M,C595C595/C595M, C1157C1157/C1157M, C1328C1328/C1328M, C1329C1329/C1329M, or C845C845/C845M. If the code or

28、specification requires sampling of the manufactured cement, the provisions given in 4.4 are applicable. Not much cement is soldon the basis of such sampling and testing. A useful discussion of sampling and testing cement is contained in ACI 225.1R.4.4 The procedures covered in this practice should b

29、e done by or for purchasers of hydraulic cement who are using a code orspecification that requires sampling and testing to determine if the samples conform to the relevant acceptance specifications. Thetesting is done using specified methods to determine whether the samples yield test results that c

30、onform to the specification, andthe tests serve as a basis for acceptance or rejection of the lot of material sampled.4.5 It is neither intended nor required that all cements be tested using all the test methods referenced in Section 2.5. Kinds and Size of Samples and by Whom Taken5.1 A cement sampl

31、e secured from a conveyor, from bulk storage, or from a bulk shipment in one operation, shall be termeda “grab sample.”Asample obtained during a 10-min10 min interval using an automatic sampling device that continuously samples3 Detailed requirements for this sieve are given in Specification E11.C18

32、3/C183M 152a cement stream may also be termed a grab sample. Grab samples taken at prescribed intervals over a period of time may becombined to form a “composite sample representative of the cement produced during that period of time.5.2 All samples, whether grab or composite, shall have a mass of a

33、t least 5 kg (10 lb).10 lb.5.3 The purchaser may designate a representative to supervise the sampling, packing, and shipping of samples when it is sospecified in the purchase contract.5.4 Package the samples in moisture-proof, airtight containers numbered consecutively in the order in which the samp

34、les aretaken. The purchase contract shall state who will pay for the costs of sampling, packaging, shipping and testing the samples.NOTE 1Polyvinyl chloride sample containers, upon occasion, have been found to affect the air-entraining potential of a cement sample. The sameproblem might be experienc

35、ed with containers made from other plastics.6. Testing-Time Requirements for the Completion of Tests6.1 When tests of hydraulic cement are made at a laboratory other than that of the cement manufacturer, the cement samplingschedule, sample transportation time, and sample testing schedule must be coo

36、rdinated among the purchaser, the manufacturer, andthe testing laboratory so that the tests results will be available when required.6.2 The manufacturer of the cement shall make the cement available to be sampled for testing early enough before the time thetest results are needed so that at least th

37、e applicable time intervals listed in 6.3 exist.6.3 When this has been done, the testing laboratory shall provide test results not later than the indicated number of days aftersampling:Test Methods Time Interval, daysC109/C109M (1-day results),C114, C115, C151, C185,C191, C204, C451, C265, C266, C56

38、38C109/C109M (1 day results),C114, C115, C151/C151M,C185,C191, C204, C451, C2668C109/C109M (3-day results) 10C109/C109M (3 day results) 10C109/C109M and C186 (7-day results) 14C109/C109M and C186 (7 day results) 14C227, C452, and C1012(14-day results)21C227, C452/C452M, and C1012/C1012M(14 day resul

39、ts)21C109/C109M and C186 (28-day results) 35C109/C109M and C186 (28 day results) 35C157/C157M (34-day results) 41C157/C157M (34 day results) 41C227 (56-day results) 63C227 (56 day results) 63C227 (91-day results) 98C227 (91 day results) 987. Sampling7.1 The cement may be sampled by any of the applic

40、able methods described in this section.7.1.1 From the Conveyor Delivering to Bulk StorageTake one grab sample, having a mass of at least 5 kg (10 lb),10 lb, atapproximately 6-h6 h intervals.7.1.2 Transfer SamplingSample cement in storage while the cement is being transferred from one bin to another.

41、 Take onegrab sample from the transfer stream for each 360 Mg (400 tons) 400 tons of cement, or fraction thereof, but take no less thantwo grab samples and combine them to produce a composite sample.7.1.3 Other Sampling MethodsWhen neither of the above sampling methods is applicable, samples may, wh

42、en authorized bythe purchaser, be taken by one of the following methods:7.1.3.1 From Bulk Storage at Points of DischargeWithdraw cement from the discharge openings in a steady stream untilsampling is completed. If a high circular silo is being sampled, take all samples from one opening. If the quant

43、ity of the cementin the bin exceeds 1100 Mg (1200 tons)1200 tons when low rectangular bins are being sampled, discharge openings employedin the sampling shall be such that for no opening shall the number of samples represent more than one half the contents of the binor more than 1800 Mg (2000 tons).

44、2000 tons. When sampling bulk storage at points of discharge, while the cement is flowingthrough the openings, take samples at such intervals so that at least two grab samples shall be secured for each 360 Mg (400tons)400 tons in the bin or silo.7.1.3.2 From Bulk Storage and Bulk Shipment by Means o

45、f a Slotted Tube SamplerWhen desired use a tube sampler designedfor cohesive and semi-cohesive powders and designed for the depth of the cement to be sampled does not exceed 2.1 m (7 ft),obtain samples using a slotted tube sampler similar to that sampled. An example of just one type is shown in Fig.

46、 1. It shall bebetween 1.5 and 1.8 m (5 and 6 ft) long and approximately 35 mm (138 in.) in outside diameter and consist of two polished brassC183/C183M 153telescopic tubes with registering slots that are opened or closed by rotation of the inner tube, the outer tube being provided witha sharp point

47、 to facilitate penetration. Take samples from well-distributed points and various depths of the cement so that thesamples taken will represent the cement involved.7.1.3.3 From Packaged Cement by Means of Tube SamplerInsert the sampler, shown inSample package cement using a Fig.2, diagonally into the

48、 tube sampler designed for cohesive and semi-cohesive powders and able to sample packaged cement fromthe valve of the bag and place the thumb over the air hole. Then withdrawcement bag. An example of just one type is shown inFig. 1the sampler. . Take one sample from a bag in each 4.5 Mg (5 tons)5 to

49、ns or fraction thereof.7.1.3.4 From Bulk Shipment of Car or Truck:(a) Single ShipmentIf only one car or truck is being loaded and the loading is continuous and all from the same source, takea 5-kg (10-lb)5 kg 10-lb sample. If not continuous or unknown, combine five or more portions from different points in the loadto form the test sample.(b) Multiple ShipmentsWhen the shipment consists of several cars or trucks loaded from the same source and on the sameday, sample the shipment at the rate of one sample for each 90 Mg (100 tons)100 tons