ASTM C168-2010 Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation《隔热材料有关的标准术语》.pdf
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1、Designation: C 168 10Standard Terminology Relating toThermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 168; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses i
2、ndicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard provides definitions, symbols, units, andabbreviations of terms used in ASTM standards pertaining tothermal insulating materials, and to materia
3、ls associated withthem.1.2 This terminology is not intended to be used to classifyinsulation materials as having particular properties. Rather,classification of insulation materials is to be done by thematerial standards themselves.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety conce
4、rns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and
5、StatisticsE2282 Guide for Defining the Test Result of a Test Method2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 7345 Thermal InsulationPhysical Quantities andDefinitions23. Terminology3.1 Definitions:absorptance, nthe ratio of the radiant flux absorbed by abody to that incident upon it.absorption, ntransformation of radian
6、t energy to a differentform of energy by interaction with matter.apparent thermal conductivity, la, ka, na thermal con-ductivity assigned to a material that exhibits thermal trans-mission by several modes of heat transfer resulting inproperty variation with specimen thickness, or surface emit-tance.
7、 See conductivity, thermal.DISCUSSIONThermal conductivity and resistivity are normally con-sidered to be intrinsic or specific properties of materials and, as such,should be independent of thickness. When nonconductive modes ofheat transfer are present within the specimen (radiation, free convec-tio
8、n) this may not be the case. To indicate the possible presence of thisphenomena (for example, thickness effect) the modifier “apparent” isused, as in apparent thermal conductivity.DISCUSSIONTest data using the “apparent” modifier must be quotedonly for the conditions of the measurement. Values of th
9、ermal conduc-tance (material C) and thermal resistance (material R) calculated fromapparent thermal conductivity or resistivity, are valid only for the sameconditions.DISCUSSIONTest data labeled with “apparent” shall not include anyequipment related measurement errors induced due to measurementattem
10、pts beyond an apparatus range or calibration.DISCUSSIONUse of the “apparent” modifier with system C or systemR measurements is not permitted.apparent thermal resistivity, ra, na thermal resistivityassigned to a material that exhibits thermal transmission byseveral modes of heat transfer resulting in
11、 property variationwith specimen thickness, or surface emittance. See resistiv-ity, thermal.DISCUSSIONSee entire discussion under apparent thermal conduc-tivity.area weight, nweight per unit area for a specified sample, inunits of lb/ft2(kg/m2).aerogel, na homogeneous, low-density solid phase materi
12、alderived from a gel, in which the liquid component of the gelhas been replaced with a gas.DISCUSSIONThe resulting material has a porous structure with anaverage pore size below the mean free path of air molecules at standardatmospheric pressure and temperature.batt, nblanket insulation manufactured
13、 to dimensions asrequired by a specific application.blackbody, nthe ideal, perfect emitter and absorber ofthermal radiation. It emits radiant energy at each wavelengthat the maximum rate possible as a consequence of itstemperature, and absorbs all incident radiance.blanket, nflexible insulation prod
14、uct, supplied rolled or flat.blanket insulation, na relatively flat and flexible insulationin coherent sheet form furnished in units of substantial area.blanket insulation, metal mesh, n blanket insulation cov-ered by flexible metal-mesh facings attached on one or bothsides.1This terminology is unde
15、r the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.94 onTerminology.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published February 2010. Originallyapproved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 168 08a.DOI:101520/C016810.2Avai
16、lable from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.block insulation, nrigid insulation preformed into rectangu-lar
17、 units.board insulation, nsemirigid insulation preformed intorectangular units having a degree of suppleness particularlyrelated to their geometrical dimensions.calcium silicate, ninsulation composed principally of hy-drous calcium silicate, and which usually contains reinforc-ing fibers.cellular el
18、astomeric, ninsulation composed principally ofnatural or synthetic elastomers, or both, processed to form aflexible, semirigid, or rigid foam which has a predominantlyclosed-cell structure.cellular glass, ninsulation composed of glass processed toform a rigid foam having a predominantly closed-cells
19、tructure.cellular polyimide, ninsulation composed of the reactionproduct in which the bonds formed between monomersduring polymerization are essentially imide units forming acellular structure.cellular polystyrene, ninsulation composed principally ofpolymerized styrene resin processed to form a rigi
20、d foamhaving a predominantly closed-cell structure.cellular polyurethane, ninsulation composed principally ofthe catalyzed reaction product of polyisocyanate and poly-hydroxy compounds, processed usually with fluorocarbongas to form a rigid foam having a predominantly closed-cellstructure.cellulosic
21、 fiber, ninsulation composed principally of cellu-lose fibers usually derived from paper, paperboard stock, orwood, with or without binders.cement, finishing, na mixture of dry fibrous or powderymaterials, or both, that when mixed with water develops aplastic consistency, and when dried in place for
22、ms a rela-tively hard, protective surface.cement, insulating, na mixture of dry granular, flaky,fibrous, or powdery materials that when mixed with waterdevelops a plastic consistency, and when dried in placeforms a coherent covering that affords substantial resistanceto heat transmission.cladding, n
23、See jacket.closed cell foam, na material comprised predominantly ofindividual non-interconnecting cellular voids.coating, na liquid or semiliquid that dries or cures to form aprotective finish, suitable for application to thermal insula-tion or other surfaces in thickness of 30 mils (0.76 mm) orless
24、, per coat.conductance, film, nthe time rate of heat flow from a unitarea of a surface to its surroundings, induced by a unittemperature difference between the surface and the environ-ment.DISCUSSIONThe environment is a fluid (liquids or gases). h dependson the nature of fluid motion past the surfac
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