ASTM C1331-2001(2007) Standard Test Method for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics with Broadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method《用宽带脉冲反射交互作用法测量高级陶瓷中超声速率的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM C1331-2001(2007) Standard Test Method for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics with Broadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method《用宽带脉冲反射交互作用法测量高级陶瓷中超声速率的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM C1331-2001(2007) Standard Test Method for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics with Broadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method《用宽带脉冲反射交互作用法测量高级陶瓷中超声速率的标准试验方法》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: C 1331 01 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Test Method forMeasuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics withBroadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1331; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measurementof ultras
3、onic velocity in structural engineering solids such asmonolithic ceramics, toughened ceramics, and ceramic matrixcomposites.1.2 This test method is based on the broadband pulse-echocontact ultrasonic method. The procedure involves a computer-implemented, frequency-domain method for precise measure-m
4、ent of time delays between pairs of echoes returned by theback surface of a test sample or part.1.3 This test method describes a procedure for using adigital cross-correlation algorithm for velocity measurement.The cross-correlation function yields a time delay between anytwo echo waveforms (1).22.
5、Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B311 Test Method for Density Determination for PowderMetallurgy (P/M) Materials Containing Less Than TwoPercent PorosityC 373 Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density,Apparent Porosity, and Apparent Specific Gravity of FiredWhiteware ProductsE 494 Practi
6、ce for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Mate-rialsE 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations2.2 ASNT Document:Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A for NondestructiveTesting Personnel Qualification and Certification42.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-410 Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualifica-tion a
7、nd Certification52.4 Additional references are cited in the text and at end ofthis document.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 back surfacethe surface of a test sample which isopposite to the front surface and from which back surfaceechoes are returned at normal i
8、ncidence directly to the trans-ducer.3.1.2 bandwidththe frequency range of an ultrasonicprobe, defined by convention as the difference between thelower and upper frequencies at which the signal amplitude is 6dB down from the frequency at which maximum signalamplitude occurs.3.1.3 broadband transduce
9、ran ultrasonic transducer ca-pable of sending and receiving undistorted signals over a broadbandwidth, consisting of a thin damped piezocrystal in abuffered probe (search unit).3.1.4 buffered probean ultrasonic search unit as defined inTerminology E 1316 but containing a delay line, or buffer rod,to
10、 which the piezocrystal is affixed within the search unithousing and which separates the piezocrystal from the testsample (Fig. 1).3.1.5 buffer rodan integral part of a buffered probe,usually a quartz or fused silica cylinder that provides a timedelay between the excitation pulse from the piezocryst
11、al andechoes returning from a sample coupled to the free end of thebuffer rod.3.1.6 cross-correlation functionthe cross-correlationfunction, implemented by a digital algorithm, yields a timedelay between any two (ultrasonic) echo waveforms. This timeis used to determine velocity (1).3.1.7 dispersion
12、variation of ultrasonic velocity as a func-tion of wavelength, that is, frequency dependence of velocity.3.1.8 front surfacethe surface of a test sample to whichthe buffer rod is coupled at normal incidence (designated as testsurface in Terminology E 1316.1This test method is under the jurisdiction
13、of ASTM Committee C28 onAdvanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.03 onPhysical Properties and Performance.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 133101.2The boldface numbers i
14、n parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis test method.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onth
15、e ASTM website.4Available fromAmerican Society for NondestructiveTesting (ASNT), P.O. Box28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.do
16、dssp.daps.mil.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.9 group velocityvelocity of a broadband ultrasonicpulse consisting of many different component wavelengths.3.1.10 test samplea solid coupon or material part thatmeets
17、the constraints needed to make the ultrasonic velocitymeasurements described herein, that is, a test sample or parthaving flat, parallel, smooth, preferably ground or polishedopposing (front and back) surfaces, and having no discreteflaws or anomalies unrepresentative of the inherent propertiesof th
18、e material.3.1.11 wavelength (l)distance that sound (of a particularfrequency) travels during one period (during one oscillation), l= v/f, where v is the velocity of sound in the material andwhere velocity is measured in cm/s, frequency in MHz, andwavelength in cm, herein.3.2 Other terms or nomencla
19、ture used in this test method aredefined in Terminology E 1316.4. Significance and Use4.1 The velocity measurements described in this test methodmay be used to characterize material variations that affectmechanical or physical properties. This procedure is useful formeasuring variations in microstru
20、ctural features such as grainstructure, pore fractions, and density variations in monolithicceramics.4.2 Velocity measurements described herein can assesssubtle variations in porosity within a given material or com-ponent, as, for example, in ceramic superconductors andstructural ceramic specimens (
21、2,3).4.3 In addition to ceramics and ceramic composites, thevelocity measurements described herein may be applied topolycrystalline and single crystal metals, metal matrix com-posites, and polymer matrix composites.4.4 An alternative technique for velocity measurement isgiven in Practice E 494.5. Pe
22、rsonnel Qualifications5.1 It is recommended that nondestructive evaluation/examination personnel applying this test method be qualified inaccordance with a nationally-recognized personnel qualifica-tion practice or standard such asASNT SNT-TC-1A, MILSTD410, or a similar document. The qualification p
23、ractice orstandard used and its applicable revision(s) should be specifiedin a contractual agreement.5.2 Knowledge of the principles of ultrasonic testing isrequired. Personnel applying this test method should be expe-rienced practitioners of ultrasonic examinations and associatedmethods for signal
24、acquisition, processing, and interpretation.5.3 Personnel should have proficiency in computer signalprocessing and the use of digital methods for time andfrequency domain signal analysis. Familiarity with Fourier andassociated transforms for ultrasonic spectrum analysis is re-quired.6. Apparatus and
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