ASHRAE 145 2-2016 Laboratory Test Method for Assessing the Performance of Gas-Phase Air-Cleaning Systems Air-Cleaning Devices.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2016(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2011)Includes ANSI/ASHRAE addenda listed in Appendix GLaboratory Test Methodfor Assessing thePerformance of Gas-PhaseAir-Cleaning Systems:Air-Cleaning DevicesSee Appendix G for approval dates by ASHRAE and the American National St

2、andards Institute.This Standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the StandardsCommittee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures fortimely, documented, consensus action on reque

3、sts for change to any part of the Standard. The change submittal form,instructions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paperform from the Senior Manager of Standards. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from theASHRAE

4、 website (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305.E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (fororders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissio

5、ns. 2016 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard

6、 as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their r

7、esolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared

8、by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effo

9、rt is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standa

10、rd, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or p

11、erformance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards an

12、d Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide

13、the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the produc

14、t has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee 145.2Cognizant TC: 2.3, Gaseous Air Contaminants and Gas-Contaminant Removal EquipmentSPLS Liaison: Keith I. EmersonMatt Middlebrooks*, Chair W. Peter Freeman* Christopher O. Muller*W. Brad M. Stanley*, Vice-Chair Sanjeev K. Hi

15、ngorani* Kartik Potukuchi*Carolyn M.L. Kerr*, Secretary Kevin Kwong* David A. Schaaf, Jr.*Nick H. Agopian* Chang-Seo Lee* Paula J. Levasseur*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher C

16、yrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJames D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susanna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L. Hedrick Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Sriniv

17、as Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patricia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguson R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of Standards ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution,

18、or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2016Laboratory Test Method for Assessing the Performance of Gas-PhaseAir-Cleaning Systems: Air-Cleaning DevicesSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.32 Scope33 Defi

19、nitions and Acronyms .34 Test Apparatus55 Apparatus Qualification Testing 96 Test Conditions and Materials.167 Preparation of the Test Device188 Test Procedures189 Measurement of Resistance vs. Airflow1810 Determination of Performance 1911 Reporting Results2112 Safety and Environmental Impact .2213

20、References22Normative Appendix A: Large-Scale Test DuctLeak Characterization and Control.26Informative Appendix B: Commentary on the ASHRAE Standard 145.2 Test Method .33Informative Appendix C: Gas-Phase Air-Cleaner Performance Theory36Informative Appendix D: How to Read a Test Report .39Informative

21、 Appendix E: Application Guidelines41Informative Appendix F: Bibliography45Informative Appendix G: Addenda Description Information 47NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2016 ASHRAE179

22、1 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For per

23、sonal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2016(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements nec

24、essaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or

25、ANSI.)FOREWORDThe air processed by building HVAC systems typically con-tains a variety of contaminants in gaseous form. The concen-trations of these contaminants may vary from trace amountsin most cases to the toxic levels that can be encountered neara spill or other extraordinary event. Whenever ga

26、seous con-taminants reach unacceptable levels, or may be expected toreach such levels, air cleaning may be used to improve theusability of the space or to protect the building occupants, theHVAC system components, or the contents of the building.These concerns exist not only for commercial buildings

27、 butfor industrial workspaces as well.Gaseous air contaminants can be removed by various air-cleaning processes. This standard provides a performance testmethod both for individual filters and for complete devicesdesigned to be used for full-scale commercial in-duct gaseous-contaminant air cleaning.

28、 Gaseous-contaminant air-cleaningdevices of this type rely on sorptive active agents such as plain(untreated) or chemically impregnated activated carbons, acti-vated aluminas, other adsorbent materials, or catalysts. Theytypically take the form of granular beds, supported or attachedgranules or powd

29、ers, or fibrous mats. Other fabricated formsare possible. These gaseous-contaminant air-cleaning devicesare those most often selected for use in building HVAC systems.This standard describes a test procedure with quality-control constraints to measure percent removal efficiency andremoval capacity o

30、f gaseous-contaminant removal deviceswhen challenged under steady-state conditions. The test isdesigned to simulate the capture performance of commer-cially available HVAC filters under controlled, representativeconditions. The filters to be tested using this standard areintended to remove gaseous c

31、ontaminants that are present atlow-to-modest levels and nuisance odors, thereby protectingbuilding contents and processes and reducing corrosion. Thetest end-point is chemical breakthrough that exceeds a mini-mum removal efficiency. This test may be used to evaluate fil-ters for use in a building de

32、signed and/or operated accordingto the ASHRAE Standard 62.1 IAQ procedure. This testmethod is not intended to test filters whose function is to pro-tect against extraordinary events producing gaseous chemi-cals that are immediately threatening to the health of buildingoccupants.A companion small-sca

33、le, low-flow-rate version of this testprocedureANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.1, Laboratory TestMethod for Assessing the Performance of Gas-Phase Air-Cleaning Systems: Loose Granular Mediaprovides compara-ble sorptive granular media challenges at a much lower nomi-nal flow rate of 1.7 m3/h (28.32 L/min, o

34、r 1.0 ft3/min). Thissmaller scale provides a lower potential operator exposureand, with its much smaller footprint, is much more amenable tolocal exhaust venting and allows relatively easy cleanup.The test contaminants used may be hazardous, so thesafety of those conducting the tests is of paramount

35、 impor-tance. The primary personal hazard associated with the testmethod is inadvertent inhalation. This procedure incorporatesa number of steps designed to reduce personal inhalationexposures, and these should be followed carefully. Merely fol-lowing these steps does not, however, ensure safe opera

36、tion.Each test organization is responsible for training, equipping,protecting, and monitoring the exposure of its personnel.The laboratory test apparatus, equipment, test protocol,quality control guidelines, and equipment calibration recom-mendations provided are intended to achieve repeatabilitywit

37、hin 10% of the measured value. Where possible, themethod specifies the performance required of hardware andinstrumentation rather than prescribing the specific charac-teristics of these items in detail. Considerable capital isrequired to establish a laboratory with the large-scale testapparatus and

38、instrumentation described. Ideally, test dataproduced by the less complex and less costly companionsmall-scale test method (Standard 145.1) will ultimatelyallow prediction of large-scale results. However, actual large-scale testing requires minimal assumptions and may still bepreferred for either cr

39、itical applications or for contaminantsfor which minimal information on sorptive media characteris-tics exists in the literature.While the methods presented in the standard can argu-ably be used to test gaseous-contaminant removal for any air-cleaning device that can be adapted to fit and operate pr

40、op-erly in the test equipment, its stated scope is deliberately lim-ited to sorptive active agents of the kind mentioned above. Allgaseous-contaminant air-cleaning devices potentially mayproduce byproduct chemical species. The established sorptiveair-cleaner active agents (e.g., carbon and alumina w

41、ith thecommon impregnation systems, catalysts, and additives) havebeen used for many years, and the potential byproducts are inlarge part known. Testing to identify byproducts is thus notrequired.Innovative technologies do not have the advantage ofyears of use-testing, and potential chemical byprodu

42、cts arenot known. Therefore, the standard is not suitable for testinginnovative technologies because testing for byproduct chemi-cals is not addressed. The test method is also not intended totest technologies that inject or vaporize chemicals or sorptivematerials into the airstream in that it does n

43、ot require down-stream measurement of unreacted reagent or material carry-over. Finally, the test method was not developed to allowaccurate test chemical measurement from saturated air-streams, so water scrubbers and similar technologies cannotbe tested by this method.The testing under this methodol

44、ogy can be conducted bymodifying (e.g., adding temperature and relative humiditycontrol and instrumentation) some large-scale rigs designedpreviously for testing per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2,Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devicesfor Removal Efficiency by Particle Size. This adds

45、 versatility tothe apparatus, allows switching back and forth between parti-cle and gas testing, and increases the overall testing cost- ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASH

46、RAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2016 3effectiveness. Thus, many of the requirements for Standard52.2 are retained for this gas cleaner method and are cited byreference to this earlier document, rather than repeating themverbatim. Additionally, some characterization testing,

47、such ascontaminant dispersal uniformity ahead of the test substrate, ifpreviously conducted for Standard 52.2 and found to beacceptable prior to the gas-phase testing, is accepted as suffi-cient for the gas testing of this standard as well. The most useful performance data for gaseous-contami-nant a

48、ir-cleaning devices are those obtained at the design air-flow rate when challenged with the chemical contaminatingthe space and at the use conditions. The results of such a testbest determine the air cleaner lifetime that can be expected.Many applications require control of mixed contaminantspresent

49、 at very low levels for extended periods (months), andin this case the test becomes excessively expensive. On theother hand, a test can be conducted according to this standardat a fixed flow rate, temperature, relative humidity, and at anelevated challenge concentration relative to expected use lev-els. Such a test is shorter, reducing testing cost, but the testresults are directly useful only for ranking different air clean-ers. A substantial body of theory and data supports extrapola-tion of breakthrough times for many physically adsorbedhydrocarbons across sev