API MPMS 7.3-2011 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 7.3 Temperature Determination-Fixed Automatic Tank Temperature Systems (SECOND EDITION)《石油计量标准手册.第7.3章 使用固定自动柜温度.pdf

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1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 7.3Temperature DeterminationFixed Automatic Tank Temperature SystemsSECOND EDITION, OCTOBER 2011Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 7.3Temperature DeterminationFixed Automatic Tank Temperature SystemsMeasurement CoordinationSECOND EDITI

2、ON, OCTOBER 2011Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assigne

3、es make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publica

4、tion. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accur

5、acy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authoriti

6、es having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and

7、 where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely resp

8、onsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any g

9、iven situation. Users of this Standard should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this Standard should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the in

10、formation contained herein. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities h

11、aving jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Work sites and equipment operations may

12、differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment and premises in determining the appropriateness of applying the Standard. At all times users should employ sound business, scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this Standard.API is not undertaking to meet

13、the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.All rights reserved. No part of this wor

14、k may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copy

15、right 2011 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis foreword is for information and is not part of this standard. This standard discusses equipment, methods and procedures for determining the temperature of hydrocarbon liquids using fixed automatic tank temperature systems.The below listed sections

16、are removed from API MPMS Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001 and are covered by this publication of API MPMS Chapter 7.3 “Temperature Determination-Fixed Automatic Tank Temperature Systems”, 2nd edition, 2011. 5.1 Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs) 5.5 Thermowells 5.6 Dat

17、a Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 6.1 Ambient Temperature 6.3 Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers 8.1 Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs) 9.1 Fixed Automatic Tank ThermometersRevision of API MPMS Chapter 7-2001 is ongoing. The revision of API MPMS Chapter 7 will divide the

18、current standard into four separate standards. It is anticipated that these four standards, including API MPMS Chapter 7.3-2011 referenced above, will supersede the sections of API MPMS Chapter 7-2001 as follows.API MPMS Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001, sections: 5.3 Glass T

19、hermometers 5.5 Thermowells 5.6 Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 6.1 Ambient Temperature 6.5 Mercury-in-Glass Thermometers 8.3 Glass and Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer Verificationto be covered by API MPMS Chapter 7.1, 2nd Edition, Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers”.API MPMS Chap

20、ter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001, sections: 5.2 Portable Electronic Thermometers (PETs) 5.4 Electronic Temperature Devices 5.5 Thermowells. 5.6 Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 6.1 Ambient Temperature 6.4 Portable Electronic Thermometers 8.2 Portable El

21、ectronic Thermometers (PETs)to be covered by API MPMS Chapter 7.2, 3rd Edition, “Portable Electronic Thermometers (PETs)”.iiiAPI MPMS Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001, sections: 5.5 Thermowells. 5.6 Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 7 Dynamic Tempera

22、ture Measurement 8.4 Dynamic Verification and Calibration 9.2 Dynamic Temperature Equipmentto be covered by API MPMS Chapter 7.4, 2nd Edition, “Dynamic Temperature Measurement”.For the purposes of business transactions, limits on error or measurement tolerance are usually set by law, regulation, or

23、mutual agreement between contracting parties. This publication provides guidance on tolerances that are recommended for custody transfer applications, and also describes methods by which acceptable approaches to any desired accuracy can be achieved.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be c

24、onstrued as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Sha

25、ll: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. This document was produced under API standard

26、ization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was

27、 developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API sta

28、ndards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and

29、materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.ivContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, an

31、d Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Acro

32、nyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、. . . . . . . . 44.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 Equipment Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Equipment and Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 Equipment and Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 System Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3 Selection of an ATT System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.4 Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.5 ATT Systems for Marine Applications. . . . . . . . .

37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Installation Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.1 Location Requirements for ATTs in Custody

38、Transfer Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.2 Location Requirements for ATTs in Inventory Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.3 Other Mechanical Installation Arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.4 ATT Systems for Marine Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.5 Data Acquisition, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment . . . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.6 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Procedures for Temperature Determination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.1 Timing of Temperature Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.2 Reporting of Temperatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.3 Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Accuracy Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.1 Requirements for ATTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.2 Requirements for Test Equipment. . . . . . .

44、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Inspection, Verification, and Calibration Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.2 Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.3 Calib

46、ration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.4 Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.5 Inspection and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Annex A (normative) Accuracy Limitations of Tank Temperature Measurements Onboard Marine Vessels . 26Bibliog

48、raphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Figures1 Example of Multiple-Spot Temperature Element Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49、 . . . . 92 Example of Variable-Length ATT Temperature Element Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Example of Automatic Tank Temperature System Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14vContentsPageTables1 Minimum Number of Temperature Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Example of Sensor Lengths for a Variable Length ATT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10