IEEE 80-2000 - IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding.pdf

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1、 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2000 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 4 August 2000. Printed in the United States of America.Print:ISBN 0-7381-1926-1 SH94807PD

2、F:ISBN 0-7381-1927-X SS94807No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 80-2000(Revision ofIEEE Std 80-1986)IEEE Guide for Safetyin AC Substation GroundingSponsorSubstations

3、Committeeof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyApproved 30 January 2000IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract:Outdoor ac substations, either conventional or gas-insulated, are covered in this guide.Distribution, transmission, and generating plant substations are also included. With proper caution,the methods

4、 described herein are also applicable to indoor portions of such substations, or to sub-stations that are wholly indoors. No attempt is made to cover the grounding problems peculiar todc substations. A quantitative analysis of the effects of lightning surges is also beyond the scope ofthis guide.Key

5、words:ground grids, grounding, substation design, substation groundingIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Com-mittees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. Members of the committees servevoluntarily and without compens

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16、.Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard mayrequire use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard,no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights inconnection therewith. The IEEE shall not

17、 be responsible for identifying patents forwhich a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries intothe legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE

18、 Std 80-2000, IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding.)This fourth edition represents the second major revision of this guide since its first issue in 1961. Majormodifications include the further extension of the equations for calculating touch and step voltages toinclude L-shaped and T-sha

19、ped grids; the introduction of curves to help determine current division; modifi-cations to the derating factor curves for surface material; changes in the criteria for selection of conductorsand connections; additional information on resistivity measurement interpretation; and the discussion ofmult

20、ilayer soils. Other changes and additions were made in the areas of gas-insulated substations, theequations for the calculation of grid resistance, and the annexes. The fourth edition continues to build on thefoundations laid by three earlier working groups: AIEE Working Group 56.1 and IEEE Working

21、Groups 69.1and 78.1.The work of preparing this standard was done by Working Group D7 of the Distribution Substation Subcom-mittee and was sponsored by the Substation Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society. At the timethis guide was completed, the Substation Grounding Safety Working Group, D

22、7, had the followingmembership:Richard P. Keil,ChairJeffrey D. Merryman,SecretaryThis fourth edition of IEEE Std 80 is dedicated to the memory of J. G. Sverak, who, through his technicalknowledge and expertise, developed the touch and step voltage equations and the grid resistance equationsused in t

23、he 1986 edition of this guide. His leadership, humor, and perseverance as Chair of Working Group78.1 led to the expansion of substation grounding knowledge in IEEE Std 80-1986.Hanna E. AbdallahAl AlexanderStan J. ArnotN. BarbeitoThomas M. BarnesCharles J. BlattnerE. F. CounselFrank A. DenbrockWillia

24、m K. DickGary W. DiTroiaVictor L. DixonS. L. DuongJacques FortinDavid Lane GarrettRoland HeinrichsD. T. JonesG. A. KleinAllan E. KollarDonald N. LairdM. P. LyW. M. MaloneA. MannarinoA. P. Sakis MeliopoulosGino MenechellaJovan M. NahmanBenson P. NgJ. T. OrrellShashi G. PatelR. M. PortaleF. Shainauska

25、sY. ShertokGary SimmsR. SingerGreg SteinmanBrian StoryJ. G. SverakW. Keith SwitzerB. ThaparMark VainbergR. J. WehlingivCopyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard:When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 30 Januar

26、y 2000, it had the followingmembership:Richard J. Holleman,ChairDonald N. Heirman,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Robert E. HebnerGreg KohnIEEE Standards Project EditorHanna E. AbdallahWilliam J. AckermanAl Ale

27、xanderStan J. ArnotThomas M. BarnesGeorge J. BartokMichael J. BioCharles J. BlattnerMichael J. BogdanSteven D. BrownJohn R. ClaytonRichard CottrellRichard CrowdisFrank A. DenbrockWilliam K. DickW. Bruce DietzmanGary W. DiTroiaVictor L. DixonDennis EdwardsonGary R. EngmannMarkus E. EtterJacques Forti

28、nDavid Lane GarrettRoland HeinrichsJohn J. HorwathDonald E. HutchinsonRichard P. KeilHermann KochAlan E. KollarDonald N. LairdThomas W. LaRoseAlfred LeiboldRusko MatulicA. P. Sakis MeliopoulosGino MenechellaJohn E. Merando Jr.Jeffrey D. MerrymanJovan M. NahmanBenson P. NgRobert S. NowellJohn Oglevie

29、James S. OswaldMichael W. PateShashi G. PatelGene PecoraTrevor PfaffPercy E. PoolDennis W. ReisingerPaulo F. RibeiroAlan C. RotzJakob SabathLawrence SalbergHazairin SamaulahDavid ShaferGary SimmsMark S. SimonBodo SojkaGreg SteinmanRobert P. StewartBrian StoryW. Keith SwitzerDuane R. TorgersonThomas

30、P. TraubMark VainbergJohn A. YoderSatish K. AggarwalDennis BodsonMark D. BowmanJames T. CarloGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinJay Forster*Ruben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyE. G. “Al” KienerJoseph L. Koepfinger*L. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaRobert F. MunznerLouis-Franoi

31、s PauRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonAkio TojoHans E. WeinrichDonald W. ZipseCopyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.vContents1. Overview. 11.1 Scope. 11.2 Purpose. 11.3 Relation to other standards. 22. References. 23. Definitions. 34. Safety in grounding. 84.1 Basi

32、c problem . 84.2 Conditions of danger. 85. Range of tolerable current. 115.1 Effect of frequency . 115.2 Effect of magnitude and duration . 115.3 Importance of high-speed fault clearing . 126. Tolerable body current limit . 136.1 Duration formula. 136.2 Alternative assumptions. 136.3 Comparison of D

33、alziels equations and Biegelmeiers curve. 146.4 Note on reclosing . 157. Accidental ground circuit. 167.1 Resistance of the human body . 167.2 Current paths through the body. 167.3 Accidental circuit equivalents. 177.4 Effect of a thin layer of surface material .208. Criteria of tolerable voltage .

34、238.1 Definitions. 238.2 Typical shock situations. 268.3 Step and touch voltage criteria. 278.4 Typical shock situations for gas-insulated substations . 288.5 Effect of sustained ground currents . 299. Principal design considerations. 299.1 Definitions. 299.2 General concept . 309.3 Primary and auxi

35、liary ground electrodes . 319.4 Basic aspects of grid design. 319.5 Design in difficult conditions. 319.6 Connections to grid. 32Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.vi10. Special considerations for GIS. 3310.1 Definitions. 3310.2 GIS characteristics . 3410.3 Enclosures and circulating currents . 3410.4 Grounding of enclosures.