2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.IvelivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdontlike_ofthemverymuch.A.eitherB.anyC.eachD.another 解析：根据句意：我在纽约和芝加哥都居住过，但这两个地方我都不是很喜欢。短语noteither=neither（两者都不），故答案选A。答案：A22.Itwas_coldwinternightand

2、themoonwasshiningbrightlyacross_nightsky.A.不填；aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;不填解析：第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。故答案为B。答案：B 23.Howfarcanyourunwithoutstopping?_.Ivenevertried.A.DontmentionitB.ThatsallrightC.IhavenoideaD.Goahead解析：根据后句“我从未尝试过”，可知“我不知道”。故答案选C。答案：C24.IdidntthinkIdlikethemovie,butact

3、uallyit_prettygood.A.hasbeenB.wasC.hadbeen D.wouldbe解析：根据题干部分didnt可知基础时态为一般过去时态；，再根据句意：我认为我不会喜欢这部电影，而实际上这是部相当好的电影。故使用一般过去时态陈述过去的事实。答案：B 25.Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_inonecorner.A.standingB.tostandC.standsD.stood解析：现在分词standing作bookshelf后置定语，表主动进行。答案：A26.MarkneedstolearnChinese_hiscompanyisop

4、eningabranchinBeijing.A.unlessB.untilC.althoughD.since 解析：根据句意：Mark需要学习汉语是因为他的公司要在北京开分公司。连词since表“由于，因为”符合语境。答案：D27.Ohno!Weretoolate.Thetrain_.ThatsOk.WellcatchthenexttraintoLondon.A.wasleavingB.hadleftC.hasleftD.hasbeenleaving解析：根据语境“我们太晚了”及后句“没关系。我们可以赶下一趟火车去伦敦”，可知火车已经离开，对现在造成影响，故使用现在完成时态。答案：C 28._

5、Ihavetogiveaspeech,IgetextremelynervousbeforeIstart.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhoeverD.However解析：句意为：每当我得做演讲的时候，开始之前我就会变得极度的紧张。根据句意选B（每当，无论什么时候）。答案：B29.Istoppedthecar_ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.A.takeB.takingC.totake D.taken解析：句意：我停下车来休息一会儿，因为我感觉累了。，此处动词不定式表目的，故选C。答案：C 30.Itsgoodtoknow_thedogswillbew

6、ellcaredforwhilewereaway.A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that解析：动词know之后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that表陈述一件实事。答案：D31.Thereisnosimpleanswer,_isoftenthecaseinscience.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where 解析：此处as引导定语从句指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。答案：A32.Thisisareallylivelyparty.Theresagreatatmosphere,isntthere?_Thehostsknowh

7、owtohostaparty.A.DontworryB.Yes,indeedC.No,theresisntD.Italldepends解析：第一个人说：这确实是一个热闹的聚会。气氛很好，对吧？后句说，主持人知道如何主持一个聚会。据此可知回答第一个人时应该肯定，故选B（是的，确实）。答案：B 33._atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidntwanttoeatthereagain.A.HavingeatenB.ToeatC.EatD.Eating解析：句意为：因为以前曾经在自助餐厅吃过，Tina再也不想在那儿吃了。动词eat与主语Tina之间为主动关系，再根据句中before可

8、知需强调eat这个动作发生在主动词之前，可知用现在分词完成体Havingeaten表主动完成，作原因状语。答案：A34.TheSmithsarepraised_thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.A.fromB.by C.atD.for解析：句意为：史密斯夫妇因为他们养育孩子的方式而受到称赞。，短语bepraisedfor.“因.而受到称赞”。 答案：D35.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom解析：句意为：最后他到

9、达一个完全与世隔绝的孤岛。，定语从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词；先行词island指物，故使用关系代词which.答案：C第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并 在答题卡将该项涂黑。I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started tothinkaboutotherpeople_36_Ithinkaboutmyself.Ia

10、mhappythatIambecominga_37_person.I think my _38_started when I was at Palomar College.At first, I just wanted to get my_39_and be leftalone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever_40_ to anyone in my classes. By the end ofmy first semester, I was really_41_. It seemed as if eve

11、ryone but me had made friends and was having fun. Sotried a(n) _42_. I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having troubleI_43_ to help. That was really a big_44_for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and twoof_45_arestillmybestfriendstoday.A bigg

12、er cause of my new_46_, however, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home.OneoldladytherewhohadAlzheimersdiseasebecamemy_47_.EverytimeIcameintoherroom,shewasso_48_ because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never_49_her, so I took her place. She letme _50_that making o

13、thers feel good made me feel good, too. When she died, I was_51_, but I was very gratefultoher.I think I am a much_52_ person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not_53_ these experiences.They have _54_ me to care about other people more than about myself. I _55_who I am today, and I couldnot

14、saythatafewyearsago.36.A.sinceB.beforeC.orD.unless解析：根据前文，以前曾是一个以自我为中心的人，但过去两年已经开始改变。因此我已经开始为他人考虑了。为他人考虑就应该在考虑自己之前，故选before。答案：B37. A.famousB.simpleC.differentD.skilled解析：我非常高兴，以为我正变成一个与以前那个以自我为中心，的人不一样的人了。故选different。A, 著名的，B，简单的，D，训练有素的。都不符合题意！答案：C38.A.educationB.careerC.tourD.change解析：我认为我的变化是开始于

15、就读Palomar大学的时候。，用change“变化”。而education教育，career职业生涯，tour旅行，观光明显不符合。答案：D39.A.balanceC.homework C.degreeD.interest解析：起初，我只是想要得到我的学历，所以单独呆着，。故选C学历。A.balance平衡C.homework作业D.interest兴趣，显然不符！答案：C40.A.talkedB.wroteC.liedD.reported解析：语境：我以为我比其他人都聪明，所以我很少跟班上的，人说话。故选A。B.wrote写作；C.lied撒谎D.reported作报告答案：A 41.A.

16、carefulB.lonelyC.curiousD.guilty解析：根据后文：除了我每个人都交了朋友，都很快乐。，因此，我确实很孤独。故选B。而A仔细的；C好奇的；D为内疚、有罪的意思。答案：B42.A.argumentB.gameC.experimentD.defence 解析：根据后文，我开始询问周围的人怎么样，可知我开始尝试与人交流。此处experiment“实验”，表示我开始尝试一个实验。Argument为争论，game游戏，defence辩护、防御等明显语意不符。答案：C43.A.dared B.offeredC.hesitatedD.happened解析：offertohelp“

17、主动提出帮助”，根据前后文语境，作者询问他人是否有他可以帮忙的麻烦。答案：B44.A.dreamB.problemC.dutyD.step解析：对我来说，那确实是一个很大的进步。，step“步伐，迈步”。此处意为我有了一次很大的迈步。而梦想，问题，责任等其他选项则不合适。答案：D 45.A.usB.whichC.themD.whom解析：此题辨析并列句和关系从句。根据两句间连词and可知两句关系为并列，故使用人称代词；根据句意：我交了几个新朋友，其中两个至今也是我最好的朋友。答案：C46.A.attitudeB.hobbyC.hopeD.luck 解析：根据本段的叙述，我在VistaNursi

18、ngHome做，兼职的时候所遇到的一件事是使他有了彻底转变以前态度的动机。故此处选attitude（态度）别的选项的意思依次为爱好、希望和运气。答案：A47.A.friendB.partnerC.guideD.guest解析：一个有阿尔茨海默氏病的老人成为了我的朋友。，从后文可以看出她们的关系很好。此题很好的考差了做完形填空题要前后文联系的方法，别的选项，搭档、向导和客人显然文不达意。答案：A48.A.polite B.happyC.strangeD.confident解析：因为老人认为我是她女儿，所以每次我去她房间的时候，她很高兴（happy）。语境考察，A礼貌；C陌生、奇怪；D自信。 答案

19、：B49.A.botheredB.answeredC.visitedD.trusted解析：她的女儿从来都没来看望（visit）她，因此我就取代了，她女儿的位置。A、B、D依次为打扰、回答和信任的意思。答案：C50.A.explainB.guessC.declare D.see解析：她让我明白，让他人心情愉快同时也会让自己心情很好。，此处see的意思为明白的意思，而不是作看见讲。答案：D51.A.homelessB.heartbrokenC.bad-temperedD.hopeless解析：当她去世的时候，我很伤心。经常相处的老人去世了，我应该很伤心（heartbroken）。别的选项的意思依

20、次为：无家可归、坏脾气和无望，用在此处不合适。答案：B52. A.quieterB.busierC.betterD.richer解析：比起以前，我觉得我现在是一个更好的人。，Better为比较级，表示更好，别的选项也都是比较级，但是意思不符合此处语境，此题比较简单。答案：C53.A.forgetB.faceC.improveD.analyze解析：因为这些经历对我来说意义非凡，所以我希望不会忘记，（forget）。B、C、D依次为面对、提高和 分析的意思。答案：A54.A.forcedB.preferred C.orderedD.taught解析：这些经历教会（taught）我更多地关注他人而

21、不是自己。，此处比较而言，只有taught更符合题意！答案：D55.A.missB.likeC.wonderD.expect解析：我是喜欢现在的我，而在几年前我却不能这么说。，Miss错过，wonder想知道，expect期望，这三个选项不符合题意和语境答案：B 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart,

22、but alwaysfearedapplyingforanewjob.Oneday,hegathered upall his strength anddecidedto attendajob interview.His appointment was at 10amandit wasalready8:30.While waitingforabustotheofficewherehewassupposedtobeinterviewed,hesawanelderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was someth

23、ing wrong with the car. Jimmyimmediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him howmuch he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need,andhehadtorushforaninterview.Thentheoldmansaid,“Well,Icoul

24、dtakeyoutotheofficeforyourinterview.ItstheleastIcoulddo.Please,Iinsist.”Jimmyagreed.Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease onhimafterthecarrepair,buthedidnothavemuchtimetowashitofforhaveachange ofshirt. Onebyone,theapplicants left t

25、he interviewers office with disappointed look on their faces. Finally his name was called. Theinterviewer was sittingonalarge chair facingtheofficewindow.Rocking thechairbackandforth, heasked, “Doyoureally needtobeinterviewed?”Jimmys heartsank. “WiththewayIlooknow,howcouldIpossiblypassthisinterview?

26、”hethoughttohimself.Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmys surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in themorning.ItturnedouthewastheGeneralManagerofthecompany.“Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of ourworkforce bef

27、ore you even stepped into the office. I just know youd be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!”Jimmysatdownandtheysharedacupofwell-deservedcoffeeashelandedhimselfanewjob.56.WhydidJimmyapplyforanewjob?A.HewasoutofworkB.Hewasboredwithhisjob C.HewantedahigherpositionD.Hehopedtofindabetterboss57.Whatd

28、idJimmyseeonthewaytotheinterview?A.AfriendscarhadaflattyreB.awildmanwaspushingacar C.aterribleaccidenthappenedD.anoldmanscarbrokedown58.WhydidtheoldmanofferJimmyaride?A.HewasalsotobeinterviewedB.HeneededatravelingcompanionC.HealwayshelpedpeopleinneedD.HewasthankfultoJimmy59.HowdidJimmyfeelonhearingt

29、heinterviewersquestion?A.HewassorryfortheotherapplicantsB.TherewasnohopeforhimtogetthejobC.HeregrettedhelpingtheoldmanD.Theinterviewerwasveryrude60.WhatcanwelearnfromJimmysexperience？ A.Wherethereisawill,theresawayB.AfriendinneedisafriendindeedC.Goodisrewardedwithgood.D.Twoheadsarebetterthanone56.解析

30、：细节理解题。根据文章首句“Jimmyisanautomotivemechanic,buthelosthisjobafewmonthsago”可知。文中losthisjob被同义置换为wasoutofwork。故选A。答案：A57.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段话，“hesawanelderlymanwildlykickingthetyreofhiscar.Obviouslytherewassomethingwrongwiththecar”说明老人的车抛锚了，具体什么问题，文章未提到。故选D。答案：D58.答案：D 解析：细节理解题。前文说到在修完车后他回绝了老人修理费；，再根据老人所说“Its

31、theleastIcoulddo.Please,Iinsist”，可知老人是因为感激而主动送他去面试场的。故选D。59.解析：细节理解题。根据老人的问题“你确实需要面试吗？”，及Jimmy的所想“WiththewayIlooknow,howcouldIpossiblypassthisinterview”可知，以他当时的状态，他无法通过面试。故选B。答案：B60.解析：推理判断题。Jimmy在应聘途中无偿地帮助的老人正是他去面试公司的总经理，而后他被提供了那份工作。从这个故事中我们不难认识到：善有善报（Goodisrewardedwithgood）。A项“有志者事竟成”；答案：C BGeorge

32、 Gershwin, born in 1998, was one ofAmericas greatest composers. He published his first song whenhewaseighteenyearsold.Duringthenexttwentyyearshewrotemorethanfivehundredsongs. Many of Gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popula

33、r form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remainedpopularasever.Overtheyearstheyhavebeensungandplayedineverypossiblewayfromjazztocountry.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, beconsidered serious music? In 1

34、924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concertbefore he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano andorchestraw

35、hichhecalledRhapsodyinBlue.Gershwinhimselfplayedthepianoattheconcert.Theaudiencewerethrilled when they heard his music. It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both seriousandpopular.In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition (作曲)with the well-known musicia

36、nNadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style.While there, Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was first performed, critics (评论家)were dividedover the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and b

37、oring. But it quickly becamepopularinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Itstillremainsoneofhismostfamousworks.George Gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. He was only thirty-nineyears old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourn

38、ed the loss of themanandallthemusichemighthavestillwritten. 61.ManyofGershwinsmusicalworkswere_.A.writtenaboutNewYorkersB.ComposedforPaulWhitemanC.playedmainlyinthecountrysideD.performedinvariousways62.WhatdoweknowabouttheconcertorganizedbyWhiteman?A.ItattractedmorepeopletotheatresB.Itprovedjazzcoul

39、dbeseriousmusicC.ItmadeGershwinleaderoftheorchestraD.Itcausedadebateamongjazzmusicians.63.WhatdidGershwindoduringhisstayinParis?A.HecreatedoneofhisbestworksB.HestudiedwithNadiaBoulanger C.HearguedwithFrenchcriticsD.Hechangedhismusicstyle64.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.ManyofGershwinsworkswere

40、lostB.ThedeathofGershwinwaswidelyreportedC.AconcertwasheldinmemoryofGershwinD.BraincancerresearchstartedafterGershwinsdeath.65.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGershwin?A.TalentedandproductiveB.SeriousandboringC.popularandunhappyD.Friendlyandhonest61. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段话末句，“Overtheyearstheyhavebeensungan

41、dplayedineverypossiblewayfromjazztocountry”可知，其作品以不同的方式来演绎。故选D。答案：D62.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段话末句“showedthatjazzmusiccouldbebothseriousandpopular”可知此次 音乐会是证明了爵士也可以是严肃音乐。答案：B63.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段话可知，他在巴黎写了AnAmericaninParis及后文“itquicklybecamepopularinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Itstillremainsoneofhismostfamousworks”

42、可知答案选A。答案：A64.解析：细节判断题。根据最后一段话“Newspapersallovertheworldreportedhisdeathontheirfrontpages”可知，全世界的报刊都在头版报道了他去世的消息。故答案为B。答案：B65.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段话，“GeorgeGershwin,bornin1998,wasoneofAmericasgreatestcomposers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.”可知他极具天赋；再根据第一段话“During the nexttwenty

43、yearshewrotemorethanfivehundredsongs”可知他是多产的作曲家。通读全文，我们也不难得出结论。答案：A CYou cant always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesntthink that forgetting to checkthe weatherforecast beforeheadingoutshouldresult in you getting wet.Thats whyhecreatedlampbrella,alamp

44、postwithitsownrainsensingumbrella.The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “once, I wasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburgstreetandsawthestreetlampslightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtitwouldbeappropriatetohaveacanopy(伞蓬)builtintoastreet

45、lamp.”hesaid.The lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electricmotor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offerspedestriansshelterwheneveritstartsraining. In addition to the rain sensor, the

46、res also a 360motion sensor on the biberglass street lamp which detectswhetheranyonesusingthelampbrella.Afterthreeminutesofnotbeingusedthecanopyisclosed.According to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm tothe pedestrians. Besides, it would be gro

47、unded to protect from possible lighting strike. Each lampbrella wouldoffer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger forthetallestofpedestrians.While there are noplans to take lampbrella into production, Belyacv says he recently introduc

48、edhis creationone Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk buttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.66.ForwhatpurposedidBelyacvcreatethelampbrella?A.TopredictaheavyrainB.TochecktheweatherforecastC.Toprotectpeoplefromtherain D.Toremindpeopl

49、etotakeanumbrella67.WhatdoweknowfromBelyacvswordsinParagraph2?A.HiscreationwasinspiredbyanexperienceB.itrainsalotinthecityofSaintPetersburgC.Streetlampsareprotectedbycanopies D.Heenjoyedtakingwalksintherain68.Whichofthefollowingshowhowthelampbrellaworks?A.motorcanopysensorsB.SensorsmotorcanopyC.motorsensorscanopyD.canopymotorsensors69.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellusaboutthelampbrella?A.ItsmovingspeedB.ItsappearanceC.ItsinstallationD.Itssafety70.Whatcanbe