专业英语八级翻译-5及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级翻译-5及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.生存在功利社会，奔波劳顿，勾心斗角，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉!人自孩提时代起，求学、谋职、恋爱、成家、立业、功名、财富几乎无时不在追求，而且总也不能满足。当然，事业上的进取与物欲上的贪婪，是两种截然不同的人生观，或可说是两种内涵迥异的苦乐观。但有一点是共同的，即人生的道路并非平坦的康庄大道，事物的发展往往不以人的意志为转移。与其陶醉在“梦想成真”的幻觉中，莫若在实践中多多磨砺自己，有道是“

2、苍天不负有心人”嘛!即或如此，也未必事事天遂人愿。总之，有追求必有烦恼，这就是生活实际。（分数：15.00）_2.历史的道路，不全是平坦的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。 U一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻千里。有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山叠岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。民族生命的进程，其经历亦复如是。 人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。老于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，固是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣

3、。/U（分数：15.00）_3.最令人触目惊心的一件事，是看着钟表上的秒针一下一下的移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。这道理人人都懂，可是很少人真能积极不懈的善为利用他的时间。（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Let me come to the point bol

4、dly; what governs the Englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. It is nothing particularly spiritual or mysterious. When he has taken his exercise and is drinking his tea or his beer and lighting his pipe; when, in his garden or by his fire, he sprawls in an aggressively comfortab

5、le chair; when well-washed and well-brushed, he resolutely turns in church to the east and recites the Creed without in the least implying that he believes one word of it; when he hears or sings the most crudely sentimental and thinnest of popular songs, unmoved but not disgusted; when he makes up h

6、is mind who is his best friend or his favourite poet; when he adopts a party or a sweetheart; when he is hunting or shooting or boating, or striding through the fields; when he is choosing his clothes or his professionnever is it a precise reason, or purpose, or outer fact that determines him; it is

7、 always the atmosphere of his inner man.（分数：15.00）_5.It has now been five years since Margaret Thatcher resigned as Britains Prime Minister. In her heyday she strode the international headlines with such bravura that she seemed inevitable, a natural force. The world stage seemed just the right size

8、for her, as she chaffed her conservative soul mate Ronald Reagan or flattered the new man, Mikhail Gorbachev. Now the political world has begun to focus on the immensity of her achievement. How on earth did she manage to get there? UShe was elected to Parliament at 32 in 1958. She parried her way th

9、rough the complacent, male-dominated councils of powerno woman had ever roiled those waters. Couldnt the old boys see her coming? After all, there was nothing subtle about her personality or her approach./U UAs The Path to Power, the second volume of her autobiography, makes clear, Thatcher was prob

10、ably too simple and direct for the Tories, with their heavy baggage of class and compromise. She traveled light, proud of her roots as a grocers daughter from the small town of Grantham but never tethered by working-class resentments or delusions of inferiority. Her parents taught her the verities t

11、hey believed in: Methodism, hard work, thrift and the importance of the individual. She has never wavered from them, and they run through the book./U UNothing in our house was wasted. Or, I had less leisure time than other children. These are boasts of a childhood recalled in tranquility. Later they

12、 became a philosophy: Being conservative is never merely a matter of income, but a whole way of life, a will to take responsibility for oneself./U（分数：15.00）_6.History with its flickering lamp stumbles along the trail of the past, trying to reconstruct its scenes, to revive its echoes, and kindle wit

13、h pale gleams the passion of former days. As the great scroll of history unrolls, many complicated incidents occur which it is difficult to introduce effectively into the pattern of the likes and dislikes of the epoch in which we live. UThe human story does not always unfold like a mathematical calc

14、ulation on the principle that two and two make four. Sometimes in life they make five or minus three; and sometimes the blackboard topples down in the middle of the sum and leaves the class in disorder and the pedagogue with a black eye./U UScience, which now offers us a golden age with one hand, of

15、fers at the same time with the other the doom of all that we have built up inch by inch since the Stone Age and the dawn of any human annals. My faith is in the high progressive destiny of man. I do not believe that we are to be flung back into abysmal darkness of fiercesome discoveries which human

16、genius has madelet us make sure that they are our servants, but not our masters./U UIts place is in the healing of the sick, and in giving more food and leisure for life. When it helps the strong crush the weak, and rob those who are asleep, it is using truth for impious ends. Those who are thus sac

17、rilegious will suffer and be punished, for their own weapons will be turned against them./U（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-5答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.生存在功利社会，奔波劳顿，勾心斗角，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉!人自孩提时代起，求学、谋职、恋爱、成家、立业、功名、财富几乎无时不在追求，而且总也不能满足。当然，事业上的进取与物欲上的贪婪，是

18、两种截然不同的人生观，或可说是两种内涵迥异的苦乐观。但有一点是共同的，即人生的道路并非平坦的康庄大道，事物的发展往往不以人的意志为转移。与其陶醉在“梦想成真”的幻觉中，莫若在实践中多多磨砺自己，有道是“苍天不负有心人”嘛!即或如此，也未必事事天遂人愿。总之，有追求必有烦恼，这就是生活实际。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(In a business society, where people run about in pursuit of personal gains at the expense of others, it is really difficult to do as you p

19、lease. Ever since childhood we have always been pursuing; going to school, looking for a job, falling in love, getting married, striving for success in career and accumulating wealth, but never have we seemed to be contented with ourselves. However, striving for success in career and seeking materia

20、l profits are two different outlooks or, if you will, two intrinsically different views on what is hardship and what is happiness. But there is one thing that applies in either case, i.e. life is no plain sailing, and things go and grow independent of mans will. One should, instead of indulging in d

21、elusions of daydreaming, temper himself in life, as the saying goes, Heaven does not let down the one that has a will. Even so, one cannot expect to succeed in everything he undertakes. In short, anyone in pursuit of something is sure to be troubled by something else, and that is the way things are

22、in life.)解析：解析 1生存在功利社会，奔波劳顿，勾心斗角，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉：此句所表达的重点是“在功利社会，很难做到从心所欲”。“奔波劳顿，勾心斗角”可理解成是这种社会的特征，以定语从句的形式译出：in a business society, where people run about in pursuit of personal gains at the expense of others。“若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉”可灵活译为it is really difficult to do as you please或it is really hard to do at one

23、s pleasure。“难矣哉”中的“矣哉”为语气词，无需译出。 2人自孩提时代起，求学、谋职、恋爱、成家、立业、功名、财富几乎无时不在追求，而且总也不能感到满足：可根据语义重心拆分为：“人自孩提时代起，几乎无时不在追求”和“求学、谋职财富，而且总也不能感到满足”两部分进行翻译，并以分号连接。前部分可译为Ever since childhood we have always been pursuing；后部分中“求学、谋职财富”可译为并列分词短语，在句中作状语：going to school, looking for a job, falling in love, getting marrie

24、d.but never have we seemed to be contented with ourselves。 3内涵迥异的苦乐观：可译为two intrinsically different views on what is hardship and what is happiness。 4但有一点是共同的：可译为but there is one thing in common，若译为but there is one thing that applies in either case则更佳。“事物的发展往往不以人的意志为转移”指事物的发展不依赖于人的意志，可译为things go an

25、d grow independent of mans will。“人生的道路并非平坦的康庄大道”直译为the road of life is not a plain and safe one太过生涩拗口，应根据该句所体现的意思“人生并非一帆风顺”意译为life is no plain sailing，简洁又地道。 5与其莫若：可选用instead of.的结构译出。 6“梦想成真”的幻觉：在此译为illusions of dream coming true则不如delusions of daydreaming或delusive daydreams地道。 7磨砺自己：译为temper onese

26、lf即可。 8苍天不负有心人：译为Heaven does not let down the one that has a will. 9也未必事事天遂人愿：指人不能指望事事都称心如意，可译为one cannot expect to succeed in everything he undertakes或it is impossible that one can always succeed in everything。 10有追求必有烦恼：为无主句，属于泛指的情况，故在翻译时补出主语anyone，该部分可译为anyone in pursuit of something is sure to b

27、e troubled by something else。后部分“这就是生活实际”可译为and that is the way things are in life或and this is what real life is。2.历史的道路，不全是平坦的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。 U一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻千里。有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山叠岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。民族生命的进程，其经历亦复如是。 人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。老于旅途的人

28、，走到平坦的地方，固是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section f

29、lanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn. A nation, in the course of its development, fares likewise. The historical course of mans life is just like a journey. A traveller on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a

30、 rugged, hazardous road. While a determined traveller cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place, he finds it still more fascinating to come to a rugged place, the enormously magnificent spectacle of which, he feels, is better able to generate in him a wonderful sensation

31、 of adventure.)解析：解析 1浩浩荡荡：可译为mighty或vast and mighty。 2有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里：包含两个方面的意思：一是流到之处河段开阔，两边是一望无际的平原，可具体译为flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side；二是水流倾泻而下，可译为its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles。 3有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山叠岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回

32、环曲折。极其险峻：此句虽然逗号较多，看似结构较零散，但在翻译时无需断句，而是采用合句译法，把“有时流到很逼狭的境界”译为主句，此处需增译出主语it。其余的内容则译为状语。 4两岸丛山叠岭，绝壁断崖：此句是对“很逼狭的境界”的补充说明，因而可译为其定语flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs或with high mountains and steep cliffs on both sides。 5江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻：本句中的“江河”同指前文中的长江大河，故这里可省译，把其后译为现在分词短语的形式winding through a cour

33、se with many a perilous twist and turn。 6民族生命的进展：指国家民族的发展进程，可灵活译为in the course of a nations development。“其经历亦复如是”可简单译为is the same，但译为fares likewise则更显翻译功底。 7征人：译为traveller即可，英语中没有汉语常见的成语或四字句，故“坦荡平原”和“崎岖险路”可灵活译为a broad，level plain和a rugged，hazardous road。 8老于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在

34、此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣：此句结构比较零散，翻译时可根据内在的逻辑关系，采用短语或从句的形式，既能使句子结构多样化，又符合英语多从属复合句的特点。前部分“志于旅途的人向前走”可译为while或when引导的时间状语从句，后部分中“走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生”可译为主句，其余的“觉得在此冒险的美趣”则是对主句的进一步说明，因而可译为同位语和定语从句。 9志于旅途的人：可译为a determined traveller。 10奇趣横生：无需逐字译出，译为fascinating即可。 11奇绝壮绝的境界：可灵活译为the enormously magnificent spectac

35、le。3.最令人触目惊心的一件事，是看着钟表上的秒针一下一下的移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。这道理人人都懂，可是很少人真能积极不懈的善为利用他的时间。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(It is most startling to hear a watch or clock clicking away the secon

36、ds, each click indicating the shortening of ones life by a little bit. Likewise, with each page torn off the wall calendar, ones life is shortened by another day. Time, therefore, is life. Nevertheless, few people treasure their time as much as their life. Time must not be wasted if you want to do y

37、our bit in your remaining years or acquire some useful knowledge to improve yourself and help others, so that your life may turn out to be significant and fruitful. All that is foolproof, yet few people really strive to make the best use of their time.)解析：解析 1最令人触目惊心的一件事，是看着钟表上的秒针一下一下的移动。每移动一下就是表示我们

38、的寿命已经缩短了一部分：此句可译为“it is+形容词+that从句”的结构。其中“是看着钟表移动”可译为that引导的从句，而“每移动缩短了一部分”则是对其的补充说明，可译为非谓语动词短语。“触目惊心的”可译为shocking或startling；“表示”在此译为indicate；“一部分”可译为a little bit或a little。 2再看看：此句在结构上紧承第一句，因此可用likewise来衔接。该句的语义重心在于“我们的寿命又缩短了一天”，故译为主句，由于没有明确的主语，可通过语态转换，译为被动句。前部分“再看看墙上挂着的”可译为with引导的伴随状语with each page

39、 torn off the wall calendar。 3没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间：第四句可直译为Every one treasures his life, but few treasure their time，但合译为Nevertheless, few people treasure their time as much as their life则更显翻译功底。 4如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴：第五句是个典型的汉语后重心句，翻译时应调整语序，即把“那么就不可浪费光阴”译为主句，其余部分

40、译为if引导的条件状语从句。 5有生之年：可译为in your remaining years。 6做一点什么事：指尽力而为，有所事事，可译为短语do your bit。 7学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人：在语义上比较紧凑，可合译为acquire some useful knowledge to improve yourself and help others。 8生命成为有意义，不虚此生：表达的意思相近，因此用be significant and fruitful概括即可。 9这道理人人都懂：可理解为“上面讲的那些非常简单”，故可译为All that is foolproof。 10善为

41、利用：可译为make the best use of或take advantage of。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Let me come to the point boldly; what governs the Englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. It is nothing particularly spiritual or mysterious. When he has taken his exercise and is drinking his tea o

42、r his beer and lighting his pipe; when, in his garden or by his fire, he sprawls in an aggressively comfortable chair; when well-washed and well-brushed, he resolutely turns in church to the east and recites the Creed without in the least implying that he believes one word of it; when he hears or si

43、ngs the most crudely sentimental and thinnest of popular songs, unmoved but not disgusted; when he makes up his mind who is his best friend or his favourite poet; when he adopts a party or a sweetheart; when he is hunting or shooting or boating, or striding through the fields; when he is choosing hi

44、s clothes or his professionnever is it a precise reason, or purpose, or outer fact that determines him; it is always the atmosphere of his inner man.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(我直截了当地谈正题吧：左右着英国人言行举止的是他内在的情调，是他内心的阴晴。而这内在的情调或内心的阴晴并不关乎宗教精神，也非神秘莫测。设想在他运动之余品茶或喝啤酒并且点燃烟斗时；或者在花园里或壁炉旁懒洋洋地躺在舒适无比的安乐椅上时；或者在他精心梳洗之后，毅然地转入教堂

45、面向东方背诵(基督教的)使徒信条，但丝毫也不意味着他相信其中的只言片语时；或者在他听着或哼着最低俗、最浅薄的流行歌曲，虽然毫无感动但却并不厌恶时；或者他在确定谁是他最好的朋友或最喜爱的诗人时；或者在他选择一个社交群体或一个恋人时；或者在他打猎、射击、划船或大踏步走过田野时；或者在他挑选服装或选择职业时在他做着这一切的时候，从来都不是因为某一确定的理由，或目的，或外界的事物，而总是他内在的情调在起决定作用。)解析：解析 1come to the point：为固定短语，可译为“淡正题”或“切入主题”。 2boldly：本义为“大胆地”，在此可译为四字成语“直截了当”。 3govern：本义为“支

46、配，控制”，也可引申为“左右”。 4It is nothing particularly spiritual or mysterious：句中的it指代前句提到的inner atmosphere或weather in his soul，翻译时需具体译出来。 5When he has taken his exercise and is drinking his tea or his beer.：此句是个超长的句子，其中包含好几个when从句构成的排比句式，在翻译的过程中也应尽量使译文保持排比句式。when从句都是作者在具体阐述“内在的情调或内心的阴晴”出现的时刻，因此可增译“设想”一词来衔接上下文。 6aggressively comfortable：若直译为“侵略性地舒服”会