专业英语八级翻译-16及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级翻译-16及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。因此，有作为的科学工作者都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当做最珍贵的友谊。正如歌德所说，“我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才使我们的思想获得丰产。”这都是

2、因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。（分数：15.00）_2.这以后的九个年头，为了保持求学(尤其是英语学习)的高昂斗志，我压抑着对音乐的朦胧向往。我的这番努力取得了丰硕成果，我在家乡读完了中学和大学，都很顺利。我还考上了首都北京的一家名牌大学读第二学位。当我接到通知书时我真感动得热泪盈眶了。我懂英语，我知道这就是我的本钱，我可以和有钢琴的人进行互助，我教他英语他让我弹琴。（分数：15.00）_3.根据我个人七八十年的经验，一个人绝不能让自己的脑筋投闲置散，要经常让脑筋活动着。U根据外国一些科学家的实验结果，“用脑伤神”的

3、旧说法已经不能成立，应改为“用脑长寿”。人的衰老主要是脑细胞的死亡。中老年人的脑细胞虽然天天死亡，但人一生中所启用的脑细胞只占细胞总量的四分之一，而且在活动的情况下，每天还有新的脑细胞产生。只要脑筋的活动不停止，新生细胞比死亡细胞数目还要多。勤于动脑筋，则能经常保持脑中血液的流通状态，而且能通过脑筋协调控制全身的功能。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.The disturbance of the soul cannot be ended nor true joy created either by the possession o

4、f the greatest wealth or by honor and respect in the eyes of the mob or by anything else that is associated with causes of unlimited desires.We must not violate nature, but obey her; and we shall obey her if we fulfill the necessary desires and also the natural, if they bring no harm to us, but ster

5、nly reject the harmful. The man who follows nature and not vain opinions is independent in all things. For in reference to what is enough for nature every possession is riches, but in reference to unlimited desires even the greatest wealth is not riches but poverty. Insofar as you are in difficultie

6、s, it is because you forget nature; for you create for yourself unlimited fears and desires. It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch and a rich table and be full of trouble.（分数：15.00）_5.As a probing psychologist Faulkner is the unrivalled master among

7、 all living British and American novelists. Neither do any of his colleagues possess his fantastic imaginative powers and his ability to create characters. His subhuman and superhuman figures, tragic or comic in a macabre way, emerge from his mind with a reality that few existing peopleeven those ne

8、arest to uscan give us, and they move in a milieu whose odors of subtropical plants, ladies perfumes, Negro sweat, and the smell of horses and mules penetrate immediately even into a Scandinavians warm and cosy den. As a painter of landscapes he has the hunters intimate knowledge of his own hunting-

9、ground, the topographers accuracy, and the impressionists sensitivity. Moreoverside by side with Joyce and perhaps even more so Faulkner is the great experimentalist among twentieth-century novelists. Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically. It seems as if by this continuous renewal he wa

10、nted to achieve the increased breadth which his limited world, both in geography and in subject matter, cannot give him.（分数：15.00）_6.The fortunate people in the worldthe only really fortunate people in the world, in my mindare those whose work is also their pleasure. The class is not a large one, no

11、t nearly so large as it is often represented to be; and authors are perhaps one of the most important elements in its composition. They enjoy in this respect at least a real harmony of life. To my mind, to be able to make your work your pleasure is the one class distinction in the world worth strivi

12、ng for; and I do not wonder that others are inclined to envy those happy human beings who find their livelihood in the gay effusions of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of enjoyment, to whom reposehowever necessaryis a tiresome interlude, and even a holiday is almost deprivation.

13、Whether a man writes well or ill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writing at all, he will appreciate the pleasures of composition. To sit at ones table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of uninterruptible security, plenty of nice white paper, and a Squeezer penthat is true happi

14、ness.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-16答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。因此，有作为的科学工作者都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当做最珍贵的友谊。正如歌德所说，“我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才

15、使我们的思想获得丰产。”这都是因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(In the process of exploring truth, people will have to experience tremendous hardships and difficulties before they can come to understand the objective laws. It is often the case that the differences in the resear

16、ch perspectives, the materials mastered, and the ways of understanding would lead to totally different resultsas we might say, a mountain becomes a hill when viewed horizontally and a ridge when viewed vertically, and it assumes totally different shapes when viewed from a short or a long distance, o

17、r from a high or a low position.and even lead to academic disputes. Therefore, an accomplished scientist would regard opposing arguments as his most tremendous benefit and take others criticism of him as the most precious friendship that he can ever obtain. In Gothes words, We take for granted what

18、we are in favor of. However, only what we are opposed to can enrich our thoughts. This is all because the approving opinions are not necessarily justified while the opposing arguments are not necessarily unfounded. To put it in the least way, even the opposing arguments that are mistaken will be imm

19、ensely beneficial to ones own scientific research.)解析：解析 1在的过程中：可译为in the process of。 2艰苦曲折：可译为tremendous hardships and difficulties。 3客观规律：即objective laws。 4常常有这样的情形：可译为it is often the case that。 5由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同：在结构上是并列的，且都在说明不同性，因此可处理为the differences in the research perspectives，the mat

20、erials mastered，and the ways of understanding。 6就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况：句中含有诗句。针对原文中出现引语或诗句，在翻译中通常将其抽离出来，用as the saying goes或as we might say来引导。因此该部分可译为would lead to totally different resultsas we might say. a mountain.from a high or a low position.。“远近高低”不能逐字译为distance，vicinity，high and low。根据上下文，

21、“远近高低”指看的角度或位置不同，故应译为viewed from a short or a long distance，or from a high or a low position。 7因此。有作为的友谊：可译为包含两个谓语动词的并列句。“有作为的科学工作者”可译为an accomplished scientist；“反对的意见”译为opposing arguments/opinions。“把看作/当作”可译为regard/consider/view.as，或take.as。 8正如歌德所说：译为In Gothes words。 9处之泰然：在此含有“理所当然”之意，可译为take.for

22、 granted。 10使我们的思想获得丰产：指使我们的思想更加丰富，可译为enrich our thoughts。 11赞同的东西：可译为what we agree with，或what we are in favor of。 12“赞同的意见未必正确”和“反对的意见未必错误”：构成比照关系，故可用比较连词while连接。 13未必：译为not necessarily即可。 14退一步说：可译为to put it in the least way。 15对有好处：可译为be beneficial to。2.这以后的九个年头，为了保持求学(尤其是英语学习)的高昂斗志，我压抑着对音乐的朦胧向往。

23、我的这番努力取得了丰硕成果，我在家乡读完了中学和大学，都很顺利。我还考上了首都北京的一家名牌大学读第二学位。当我接到通知书时我真感动得热泪盈眶了。我懂英语，我知道这就是我的本钱，我可以和有钢琴的人进行互助，我教他英语他让我弹琴。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(For the next nine years I carefully smothered my budding aspiration for music to keep aflame my quest for learning, especially in English studies, My efforts were so rew

24、arding that I went successfully through high school and college in my hometown. When I received the admission notice of a second degree course from a prestigious university in Beijing, the national capital, tears welled up my eyes. I knew my command of English was my asset, for l might make a deal w

25、ith a pianist who would give me access to his piano in exchange for English lessons.)解析：解析 1这以后的九个年头，为了保持求学(尤其是英语学习)的高昂斗志，我压抑着对音乐的朦胧向往：此句的语义重心在于“我压抑着对音乐的朦胧向往”，因此可译为主句，而“为了保持求学高昂斗志”则是目的，可译为不定式短语。 2保持求学的高昂斗志：即保持求学的热情，可译为keep aflame my quest for learning。 3对音乐的朦胧向往：指我对音乐的热爱处于萌芽状态，可译为my budding aspirati

26、on for music。 4我的这番努力取得了丰硕成果，我在家乡读完了中学和大学，都很顺利：第二句隐含因果关系，因此可译为含有so.that结果状语从句的复合句。“取得了丰硕成果”可译为were so rewarding，“都很顺利”转译为副词successfully。 5考上：可译为received the admission notice of.。 6名牌大学：可译为a prestigious university或a famous university。 7我还考上了首都北京的一家名牌大学读第二学位。当我接到通知书时我真感动得热泪盈眶了：这两句在语意上承接紧凑，因此可合译为一句，即把第

27、三句译为时间状语从句，第四句译为主句。“感动得热泪盈眶”简洁译为tears welled up my eyes即可。 8我懂英语，我知道这就是我的本钱，我可以和有钢琴的人进行互助，我教他英语，他让我弹琴：此句看似结构松散，实则暗含不甚明显的因果关系，即可把“我可以让我弹琴”译为for引导的原因状语从句，而“我懂英语，我知道这就是我的本钱”则译为主句I knew my command of English was my asset。“进行互助”若译为help each other则无法充分体现作者利用自己的特长和钢琴家进行互惠学习的意思，故在此最好译为make a deal with。3.根据我

28、个人七八十年的经验，一个人绝不能让自己的脑筋投闲置散，要经常让脑筋活动着。U根据外国一些科学家的实验结果，“用脑伤神”的旧说法已经不能成立，应改为“用脑长寿”。人的衰老主要是脑细胞的死亡。中老年人的脑细胞虽然天天死亡，但人一生中所启用的脑细胞只占细胞总量的四分之一，而且在活动的情况下，每天还有新的脑细胞产生。只要脑筋的活动不停止，新生细胞比死亡细胞数目还要多。勤于动脑筋，则能经常保持脑中血液的流通状态，而且能通过脑筋协调控制全身的功能。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(According to foreign researchers, the old cliche frequent use

29、 of the brain does harm to ones health can no longer hold water. Now it should be frequent use of the brain leads to longevity. The process of aging refers, for the most part, to the death of cerebral cells. Though brain cells in the middle-aged and elderly individuals are being killed on daily basi

30、s, they are merely 1/4 of the total ceils used up in ones lifetime. Besides, brain cells can regenerate in an active state of mind. That is to say, as long as the brain keeps working, the dead cells could be outnumbered by the new ones. Therefore, not only can the regular use of the head maintain th

31、e normal circulation of cerebral blood, but it can also get the whole bodily function under control via brain coordination.)解析：解析 1“用脑伤神”的旧说法已经不能成立：“用脑伤神”可理解为“经常使用大脑对健康有害”，故可译为frequent use of the brain does harm to ones health。“旧说法”固定译为old cliche，表示“不再成立，不再站得住脚”可译为no longer hold water。整个句子可译为the old

32、 cliche frequent use of the brain does harm to ones health can no longer hold water。 2用脑长寿：可译为frequent use of the brain leads to longevity。 3人的衰老主要是脑细胞的死亡：“人的衰老”是一个过程，可译为the process of aging，“主要”可用介词短语表达for the most part，“是”译为refer to最好，“脑细胞”译为cerebral cells。 4中老年人：可译为the middle-aged and elderly ind

33、ividuals。 5而且在活动的情况下，每天还有新的脑细胞产生：“而且”可译为besides，“在活动的情况下”指“思维活跃的情况下”，故译为in an active state of mind，“新细胞产生”也就是“脑细胞再生”，故译为brain cells can regenerate。整句话可翻译为Besides, brain cells can regenerate in an active state of mind. 6只要脑筋的活动不停止，新生细胞比死亡细胞数目还要多：此句是对上一句的解释，为了使上下文连贯，最好增译出表示解释的连接词that is to say。“新生细胞比死

34、亡细胞数目还要多”有多种表达方式，但译为the dead cells could be outnumbered by the new ones更生动。 7血液的流通：可译为the normal circulation of cerebral blood。 8能通过脑筋协调控制全身的功能：译为get the whole bodily function under control via brain coordination。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.The disturbance of the soul cannot be ended nor tru

35、e joy created either by the possession of the greatest wealth or by honor and respect in the eyes of the mob or by anything else that is associated with causes of unlimited desires.We must not violate nature, but obey her; and we shall obey her if we fulfill the necessary desires and also the natura

36、l, if they bring no harm to us, but sternly reject the harmful. The man who follows nature and not vain opinions is independent in all things. For in reference to what is enough for nature every possession is riches, but in reference to unlimited desires even the greatest wealth is not riches but po

37、verty. Insofar as you are in difficulties, it is because you forget nature; for you create for yourself unlimited fears and desires. It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch and a rich table and be full of trouble.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(无论是拥有巨额财富，还是荣誉，还是芸芸众生

38、的仰慕，或任何其他导致无穷欲望的身外之物，都无法了结心灵的烦扰，更不能带来真正的快乐。我们不可悖逆天性，而应顺性而为；而所谓顺性，乃是去满足必需的欲望，以及自然的欲望，只要后者并不带来危害，反之则应严加抵御。顺性而不为妄言蛊惑者，可独立于天地之间。凡满足天性者，一点一滴都是财富；而若为填补欲壑，纵然是万贯家财，所带来的也不是富有，而是贫困。 你之所以困扰重重，乃因忘却天性，是你为自己创造出了无穷的恐惧与欲望。与其锦衣玉食却忧心忡忡，不如粗茶淡饭却无忧无虑。)解析：解析 1The disturbance of the soul cannot be ended nor true joy creat

39、ed either by the possession of the greatest wealth.：根据汉语习惯，此句宜将被动语态处理成为主动语态进行翻译，即将原文中by后面的成分翻译成为句子的主语，而将原文的主语翻译为汉语中的宾语。 2possession of the greatest wealth：拥有巨额财产。 3in the eyes of the mob：芸芸众生眼中的。 4unlimited desires：无穷欲望。 5the necessary desires and the natural：必需的欲望以及自然的欲望。natural之后省略了名词desires，翻译时应该

40、加上。 6The man who follows nature and not vain opinions：顺性而不为妄言蛊惑者。vain opinions即“无益的观点”，在翻译时对词义进行引申，变换表达方式，译为“妄言”。 7in reference to：关于。 8riches：财富。 9Insofar as you are in difficulties：你之所以困难重重。insofar意即“在范围”。 10It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch a

41、nd a rich table and be full of trouble：与其锦衣玉食却忧心忡忡，不如粗茶淡饭却无忧无虑。It is better.than.译为“与其不如”。to have a golden couch and a rich table通过词义抽象化的方式引申为“锦衣玉食”；lying upon a pallet即“依靠简陋的工具而生存”，引申为“粗茶淡饭”。5.As a probing psychologist Faulkner is the unrivalled master among all living British and American novelist

42、s. Neither do any of his colleagues possess his fantastic imaginative powers and his ability to create characters. His subhuman and superhuman figures, tragic or comic in a macabre way, emerge from his mind with a reality that few existing peopleeven those nearest to uscan give us, and they move in

43、a milieu whose odors of subtropical plants, ladies perfumes, Negro sweat, and the smell of horses and mules penetrate immediately even into a Scandinavians warm and cosy den. As a painter of landscapes he has the hunters intimate knowledge of his own hunting-ground, the topographers accuracy, and th

44、e impressionists sensitivity. Moreoverside by side with Joyce and perhaps even more so Faulkner is the great experimentalist among twentieth-century novelists. Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically. It seems as if by this continuous renewal he wanted to achieve the increased breadth whi

45、ch his limited world, both in geography and in subject matter, cannot give him.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(福克纳是一名善于观察的心理学家，在所有仍然在世的英美小说家当中，他堪称是无人匹敌的大师。他的同行当中无人具有他那般非凡的想象力以及塑造人物的能力。在以死亡为主题的悲剧或喜剧中，福克纳塑造的近似人类而又超乎人类的人物如此真实，即使是我们身边最贴近的人都很少有人能够让我们感到如此真实。这些人物在一个混杂了亚热带植物的清香、女人香水的芳香、黑人汗味和骡马臭味的环境中活动，这股气味甚至可以立即弥漫到斯堪的纳维亚的一间温暖舒适的小房子里。作为一名风景画画家，福克纳具有猎人般熟知猎场的能力，地形学家精确的判断力和印象派画家的敏感。此外，福克纳还是20世纪伟大的实验主义者和小说家，与乔伊斯并列，甚至还略胜一筹。在他的小说当中，没有任何两部小说在写作手法上是相似的。似乎正是通过这种不断的更新，福克纳才可以获得他想要的创作广度，而这种广度是他所处的缺乏创见的世界，包括主观的和客观的，所不能给予他的。)解析：解析 1a probing psychologist：一名善于观察的心理学家。 2the unrival