英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(四)及答案解析.doc

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1、英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(四)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BNote-taking and(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BA/B(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Ill start my U U 1 /U /Uby telling you a story. A young woman from U U 2 /U /Ucame to New York and got a job at a factory U U 3 /U /Uby a Chinese. One day, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope with

2、 20 dollars. She threw the envelope back at her boss. Why? It is U U 4 /U /Uto give money to young U U 5 /U /Upeople on the Chinese New Year. However, from her viewpoint, giving her money meant that he was asking her for sexual U U 6 /U /U. This story shows an action can have totally U U 7 /U /Umean

3、ings in different cultures. Ill say something more to U U 8 /U /Umy point.First, in most Western countries, U U 9 /U /Uoften U U 10 /U /Usome sort of U U 11 /U /U, such as a U U 12 /U /Uor a kiss. But most Asian people dont feel as U U 13 /U /Utouching in public. Another different behavior is the us

4、e of U U 14 /U /U. Americans are quick to use peoples first names, but people in most cultures prefer to be U U 15 /U /Uas “Mr. Brown“ or “Ms. Honda“, for example. Now I want to discuss eating U U 16 /U /U. In some cultures eating everything on your plate is considered U U 17 /U /U. However, America

5、ns consider a U U 18 /U /Uplate a sign of U U 19 /U /Uwith the food. Finally, I want to say something about gift-giving, which in many cultures has strict rules. For example, never give U U 20 /U /Uflowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them! （分数：50.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填

6、空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BB/B(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Scientists have found a cheap and easy way of U U 1 /U /Ua condition from recordings of people sleeping. Severe snoring is the sound of a sleeper fighting for U U 2 /U /U. Lo

7、ts of people snore, but the loud and U U 3 /U /Usnoring caused by a condition known as U U 4 /U /Usleep apnea, OSA, can leave a sufferer U U 5 /U /Uand fuddled during the day.OSA is costly and U U 6 /U /Uto diagnose, and its difficult to distinguish genuine OSA from U U 7 /U /Usnoring. But a team in

8、 Brazil has a simpler solution: they have found a way of analyzing snore recordings that is able not only to U U 8 /U /UOSA but can distinguish between mild and U U 9 /U /Ucases.Diagnosing OSA from snore sounds is not a new idea. The question is how the clinical condition is revealed by the U U 10 /

9、U /U. In 2008, a team in Turkey showed that the statistical U U 11 /U /Uof snores has the U U 12 /U /Uto discriminate ordinary sleepers from OSA U U 13 /U /U.Scientists looked for U U 14 /U /Upatterns in OSA and the snore U U 15 /U /Ucan be used as a pretty reliable U U 16 /U /Ufor the AHI (the apne

10、a-hypopnea index). And “snore U U 17 /U /U“ is measured by a Hurst exponent, which reveals U U 18 /U /Upatterns in a series of events. An U U 19 /U /Ucomputer analysis of the snore series could “learn“ to use the Hurst exponent to distinguish U U 19 /U /Ufrom severe cases of OSA, making the correct

11、diagnosis for 16 of 17 patients. （分数：50.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(四)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BNote-taking and(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BA/B(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Ill start my U U 1 /U

12、 /Uby telling you a story. A young woman from U U 2 /U /Ucame to New York and got a job at a factory U U 3 /U /Uby a Chinese. One day, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope with 20 dollars. She threw the envelope back at her boss. Why? It is U U 4 /U /Uto give money to young U U 5 /U /Upeople o

13、n the Chinese New Year. However, from her viewpoint, giving her money meant that he was asking her for sexual U U 6 /U /U. This story shows an action can have totally U U 7 /U /Umeanings in different cultures. Ill say something more to U U 8 /U /Umy point.First, in most Western countries, U U 9 /U /

14、Uoften U U 10 /U /Usome sort of U U 11 /U /U, such as a U U 12 /U /Uor a kiss. But most Asian people dont feel as U U 13 /U /Utouching in public. Another different behavior is the use of U U 14 /U /U. Americans are quick to use peoples first names, but people in most cultures prefer to be U U 15 /U

15、/Uas “Mr. Brown“ or “Ms. Honda“, for example. Now I want to discuss eating U U 16 /U /U. In some cultures eating everything on your plate is considered U U 17 /U /U. However, Americans consider a U U 18 /U /Uplate a sign of U U 19 /U /Uwith the food. Finally, I want to say something about gift-givin

16、g, which in many cultures has strict rules. For example, never give U U 20 /U /Uflowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them! （分数：50.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：lecture）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Mexico）解析：听力原文 Good afternoon, class. I want to start my lecture by telling you a story. Once there was a young wom

17、an from Mexico named Consuela who came to New York to learn English. She got a job at a factory owned by a Chinese. One day, as Consuela came to work, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope. Consuela looked inside and saw 20 dollars. She became very upset and threw the envelope back at her boss.

18、 Her boss was shocked. Well, he had given her the red envelope and the money because it was the Chinese New Year. And on the Chinese New Year, it is traditional to give money to young single people for good luck. However, from Consuelas point of view, here was an older man giving her money in an env

19、elope which meant that he was asking her for sexual favors. Naturally she refused to take the money. Now, what does this story show us? It shows that an action can have totally opposite meanings in different cultures. Every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate and what is not appropriat

20、e behavior. And to illustrate my point today Im going to give examples from four areas. First, the way people greet each other in different cultures. Second, the way they use names and titles. Third, the way people eat. And finally, the way they exchange gifts. OK, lets start with greeting customs.

21、First of all, Im sure you know that in the United States and in most Western countries, greetings often involve some sort of touching, such as a handshake, a hug, or a kiss if people know each other very well. On the other hand, people from most Asian countries dont usually feel as comfortable touch

22、ing in public. Although handshakes between businesspeople are common, many Japanese prefer a bow, while people from Thailand normally hold their hands together in a kind of prayer position. So imagine how embarrassing it would be if an American was invited to someones home in Japan or Thailand and s

23、he tried to hug the host! Now, another behavior that differs from culture to culture is the use of names. Have you noticed that Americans are quick to use peoples first names, even if they have just met? For instance, visitors to the United States are always surprised to hear employees speak to thei

24、r bosses using first names. In contrast, people in most other cultures are more formal and prefer to be addressed as “Mr. Brown“ or “Ms. Honda“, for example. In addition, in some countries, such as Italy or Korea, people like you to include their title or position with their family names, especially

25、 if theyre university graduates or owners of a business. Now I want to look at eating customs. Ill talk about the behaviors connected with eating that vary from culture to culture. One of these is the use of utensils. You probably know that people in many Asian cultures use chopsticks but in some co

26、untries, it is customary to eat with your fingers. Its important to be aware of different dining customs. Heres another example: In some cultures eating everything on your plate is considered impolite. In Egypt and China, you should leave some food in your dish at the end of the meal. This is to sho

27、w that your hosts were generous and gave you more than enough to eat. However, Americans generally consider a clean plate a sign of satisfaction with the food. Finally, what I want to mention today is gift-giving, which you may think is a universal custom with not much variation from culture to cult

28、ure. But the rules of gift-giving can be very complicated. In the United States, if youre invited to someones home for dinner, bring wine or flowers or a small item as a present. On the other hand, the Japanese give gifts quite frequently, often to thank someone such as a teacher or doctor. In the J

29、apanese culture, gift-giving is a very ancient tradition and it has many detailed rules. Another interesting fact about gift-giving is that many cultures have strict rules about gifts you should not give. For example, never give yellow flowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them!填空项 1:_ （

30、正确答案：owned）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：traditional）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：single）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：favors）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：opposite）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：illustrate）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：greetings）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：involve）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：touching）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：hug）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：comfortable）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：names）解析：填空项

31、1:_ （正确答案：addressed）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：customs）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：impolite）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：clean）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：satisfaction）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：yellow）解析：三、BB/B(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Scientists have found a cheap and easy way of U U 1 /U /Ua condition from recordings of people sleeping. Severe snoring is the

32、sound of a sleeper fighting for U U 2 /U /U. Lots of people snore, but the loud and U U 3 /U /Usnoring caused by a condition known as U U 4 /U /Usleep apnea, OSA, can leave a sufferer U U 5 /U /Uand fuddled during the day.OSA is costly and U U 6 /U /Uto diagnose, and its difficult to distinguish gen

33、uine OSA from U U 7 /U /Usnoring. But a team in Brazil has a simpler solution: they have found a way of analyzing snore recordings that is able not only to U U 8 /U /UOSA but can distinguish between mild and U U 9 /U /Ucases.Diagnosing OSA from snore sounds is not a new idea. The question is how the

34、 clinical condition is revealed by the U U 10 /U /U. In 2008, a team in Turkey showed that the statistical U U 11 /U /Uof snores has the U U 12 /U /Uto discriminate ordinary sleepers from OSA U U 13 /U /U.Scientists looked for U U 14 /U /Upatterns in OSA and the snore U U 15 /U /Ucan be used as a pr

35、etty reliable U U 16 /U /Ufor the AHI (the apnea-hypopnea index). And “snore U U 17 /U /U“ is measured by a Hurst exponent, which reveals U U 18 /U /Upatterns in a series of events. An U U 19 /U /Ucomputer analysis of the snore series could “learn“ to use the Hurst exponent to distinguish U U 19 /U

36、/Ufrom severe cases of OSA, making the correct diagnosis for 16 of 17 patients. （分数：50.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：detecting）解析：听力原文 Scientists say they have found a cheap and easy way of detecting a condition from recordings of people sleeping. Snoring is no joke for partners, but its not much fun for the sno

37、rer either. Severe snoring is the sound of a sleeper fighting for breath, as relaxed muscles in the pharynx (the top of the throat) allow the airway to become blocked. Lots of people snore, but the loud and irregular snoring caused by a condition known as obstructive sleep apnea, OSA, can leave a su

38、fferer tired and fuddled during the day, even though he or she is rarely fully awoken by the night-time disruption. OSA is costly and laborious to diagnose, and its difficult to distinguish genuine OSA, which afflicts between 4% and 10% of the population, from ordinary snoring. Often a snorer will n

39、eed to sleep under observation in a laboratory wired up to instruments that monitor brain waves, eye movement and other sleep-related activities. But a team in Brazil that brings together medics and physicists has a simpler solution: they say they have found a way of analyzing snore recordings that

40、is able not only to spot OSA but can distinguish between mild and severe cases. Diagnosing OSA from snore sounds is not a new idea. The question is how, if at all, the clinical condition is revealed by the noises. Does OSA affect the total number of snores, or their loudness, or their acoustic quali

41、ty, or their regularityor several or all of these things? In 2008, a team in Turkey showed that the statistical regularity of snores has the potential to discriminate ordinary sleepers from OSA sufferers. And last year a group in Australia found that a rather complex analysis of the sound characteri

42、stics of snores, such as the pitch, might be capable of providing such a diagnosis, at least in cases where the sound is recorded under controlled and otherwise quiet conditions. A person who snores but does not suffer from OSA typically does so in synchrony with breathing, with successive snores less than about