大学四级模拟1076及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级模拟 1076 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the following condition. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose you are a part-time worker in a restaurant. R

2、ecently, you astonishingly found that new customers had been stable and failed to witness a sharp increase. Please write a short letter to the manager of the restaurant to 1. make clear about your writing purpose; 2. deliver one or two pieces of your suggestions. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数

3、：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：49.70)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item. （分数：14.20）A.It was proposed by a group of immigrants.B.Mr. Obama had carried out the reform successfully.C.Illegal immigrants would soon be given citizenship.D.It aims to address the issue of illegal im

4、migrants.A.Eight years.B.Five years.C.Thirteen years.D.Eleven years.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item. （分数：14.20）A.To help around farm.B.To entertain tourists.C.To be sold for money.D.To be a vehicle.A.Elephants under eight do not have to be registered.B.There is an adult de

5、mand for wild elephants.C.The value of adult elephants soars all of a sudden.D.There is no relevant restrictions on smuggling elephants.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item. （分数：21.30）A.On Monday.B.On Tuesday.C.On Wednesday.D.On Saturday.A.At least 17.B.At least 24.C.At least 21

6、.D.At least 41.A.Many people took part in the search and rescue.B.The cause of the explosions has been determined.C.Rescues were stopped on Thursday.D.The explosions did not destroy the building.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40

7、）A.Since Friday.B.Since Saturday.C.Since Sunday.D.Since Monday.A.He has a cold.B.He has the flu.C.He has a stomachache.D.He has a toothache.A.Take herbal tea.B.See another doctor.C.Drink chicken soup.D.Stay in bed.A.At 7:13.B.At 17:13.C.At 7:30.D.At 17:30.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversa

8、tion you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Go to the dentist“s.B.Clean the house.C.Walk the dog.D.Finish her assignment.A.12:30 pm.B.2:30 pm.C.4:30 pm.D.5:30 pm.A.Exciting.B.Rewarding.C.Disappointing.D.Exhausting.A.Susan will be asked to do something else.B.Susan“s mother is going to use the video machin

9、e.C.They can“t decide on a video.D.The machine isn“t working.五、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：42.60)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage yon have just heard. （分数：42.60）A.Space.B.Stress.C.Diet.D.Sleep.A.They tend to reproduce more.B.They may show more signs of violence.C.They c

10、an eat and sleep better.D.They may commit suicide.A.Rats can populate rapidly.B.Population explosion can lead to violence.C.It is a natural law that animals live and die.D.Over-crowdedness may have the same effects on man.七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：42.60)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage yon h

11、ave just heard. （分数：42.60）A.Crimes committed by young people.B.Crimes committed by needy people.C.Influence on young people.D.Stealing and violence.A.They are usually poor and in need.B.They do not have as much freedom or money as they want.C.They live in an environment where everybody knows each ot

12、her.D.They are not satisfied with the adult world.A.The family and the school.B.The adults and the mass media.C.The society and the young people.D.The young people themselves.八、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：56.80)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：56.80）A.About seven milli

13、on.B.Half of the American population.C.25% of American people.D.About 25 million.A.They are older than young people.B.The young people will soon be in charge of the nation.C.The students today have strong opinions.D.The youth“s ideas are sometimes wrong.A.The lives of their parents.B.Making a better

14、 life for all people.C.The trouble in American families.D.The strong opinions.A.They feel much is wrong with the lives of their parents.B.They see clearly what is right and good in the lives of their parents.C.They feel that everything about the lives of their parents is acceptable.D.They feel nothi

15、ng is right and good in the lives of their parents.九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)If a potential customer enjoys your advert, they are more likely to buy your product. It“s a simple 1 , but it is extremely difficult to know how well your advert is being received in the

16、 real world. Now a new system could help 2 know exactly how their latest offering is going down with viewers, just by watching their face. The system, developed by Daniel McDuff and colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Lab, looks at how 3 in the face move in response to watc

17、hing a video. Software can then classify what counts as positive 4 responses and smiles during the video and from that predict which adverts the viewer most enjoys. The team collected more than 3200 videos of people, whose faces were 5 by their own computer“s webcam as they watched three adverts onl

18、ine during the Super Bowl in 2011. After each commercialone for Doritos, one for Google and one for Volkswagenthe viewers were asked if they liked the video and whether they would want to watch it again. In tests, the system made correct 6 more than 75 per cent of the time. The system would be a 7 f

19、or advertisers trying to grab the attention of potential customers on the Internet. In future, the system could be used to personalize adverts for viewers as they watch programs online, depending on their 8 , or as a more 9 way of testing how good a new advert is at 10 to customers. A. facial F. cre

20、ated K. predictions B. boon G. suggestions L. advertisers C. reaction H. concept M. appealing D. filmed I. effective N. people E. face J. eyes O. muscles（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Steps to Better Foot HealthA. Are your feet healthy? Even people who try to cover all the basesavoiding fatte

21、ning foods, hitting the gym and wearing sunscreenmay not be able to answer yes. Doctors say people often ignore persistent but minor foot complaints, which can later develop into bigger problems, like lower back pain. Some common foot problems can mask underlying issues that are correctable if addre

22、ssed early. Tender feet might be a sign of a pinched nerve, for example, or bunions (肿) might stem from weak arches. Other foot illness, such as sores that don“t heal, can point to a more serious condition, such as diabetes. B. Podiatrists (足部医生) say foot illness are a growing problem as more people

23、 get physically active. Running marathons, for instance, puts added pressure on the feet and can worsen existing issues that might be caused by genetics or poor footwear choices. Feet also must bear the burden from the growing numbers of people who are overweight or obese. C. Many people don“t wear

24、shoes with proper support, which is especially harmful for active athletes, says Leslie Campbell, a spokeswoman for the American Podiatric Medical Association, a professional organization. “We see more young children coming in because they play sports like soccer and wear cleats, which are rigid, do

25、n“t absorb shock, cause fatigue and should be worn as little as possible,“ she says. Dr. Campbell, a podiatrist at Presbyterian Hospital in Allen, Texas, recommends soccer players not wear cleats off the field and be sure to warm up adequately before playing so the joints are supple in the shoe. D.

26、Other sports, including football, basketball and tennis, require constant, quick side-to-side movements that increase the risk of ankle sprains. And long-distance running can cause overuse problems like heel spurs, pinched nerves in the ankle and excessive rolling of the foot, which is known as over

27、-or under-pronation. E. People can check for pronation problems by looking at the bottoms of their shoes. Uneven wear means the foot isn“t landing properly, which can cause a collapsed arch and lead to lower back pain, says Eugene Charles, a New York-based practitioner of applied kinesiology (运动学),

28、an alternative medicine that combines elements of chiropractic (脊椎神经), physical therapy and other disciplines. Orthotics is usually recommended in this case, he says. F. Achy feet shouldn“t just be explained away by old age or standing a lot, says Dr. Charles. Rubbing the feet after a long day shoul

29、d feel good. But if the feet are tender to the touch, this could reveal an underlying problem such as overworked muscles or weak arches. Often the wrong shoes are to blame, so try footwear with more support. G. Sometimes a foot problem starts in another part of the body. If the bones in the ankle ma

30、ke a crackling sound when the joint is rotated, this could mean a major muscle located in the calf and foot, called the tibialis posterior (胫骨后肌), needs to be strengthened, Dr. Charles says. A weak tibialis posterior can cause tendon (肌腱) problems and shin splints. Standing on one foot or doing calf

31、 stretches and heel raises can strengthen the muscle. H. Elevating the feet whenever it is convenient is a good practice because it alleviates pressure, Dr. Charles says. Epsom-salt soaks and foot massages feel good, but usually don“t address actual problems. If people need a soak every day for thei

32、r feet to feel normal, there may be something wrong, he says. Going barefoot isn“t always a good idea. Shedding shoes on grass or on the beach can strengthen certain muscles, Dr. Campbell says. But walking barefoot on hard surfaces, which don“t provide support, can cause muscle strain and misalignme

33、nt. Regular stretches and exercises can strengthen muscles and help prevent some common foot problems. I. Before getting out of bed, wake up the foot muscles. Sit with your feet extended and angle the toes toward your head and then away from it. This works the Achilles tendon and fascial band. Rolli

34、ng your foot over a tennis ball stimulates nerve endings and protects from injury. Picking up small objects like marbles strengthens muscles in the toes and foot. Calf stretches strengthen major muscles in the lower leg that affect the foot. Wrapping a rubber band around the toes and then expanding

35、the toes outward supports foot muscles. J. To prepare for a vacation that will involve lots of walking, Dr. Charles recommends getting the feet in shape by starting to take walks a month before the trip and gradually ramping up the workout length. He suggests alternating the speedwalk very slowly fo

36、r one block, then fast for anotherto work different muscles and strengthen the foot overall. K. Some foot illness can signal bigger problems, for which a podiatrist or orthopedic surgeon should be consulted. For example, pain in the big toe can be a sign of gout, a form of arthritis. Sores that don“

37、t heal can indicate diabetes and abnormal blood-glucose levels or peripheral artery disease. And soreness or a burning sensation in the ball of the foot can signal a pinched nerve. L. Bunions and hammertoes are common illness that are painful and usually indicate larger structural problems. Bunions

38、are the bony bumps that form at the base of the big toe and hammertoes are toes with an abnormal bend in the middle joint. These can signal that the foot isn“t receiving enough support, either because of ill-fitting shoes like heels, or genetics that cause the foot to be too mobile.（分数：71.00）(1).Som

39、e special soaks or massages can make your feet feel good, but it can not really solve the feet problems.（分数：7.10）(2).Bunions and hammertoes are two common sicknesses, which may indicate larger problems.（分数：7.10）(3).Before getting up in the morning, you need to wake up your foot muscles.（分数：7.10）(4).

40、Foot problems may not always start from your feet, it can begin from other parts of your body.（分数：7.10）(5).Runners who do not wear shoes with proper support may have problems of heel spurs after a long run.（分数：7.10）(6).Marathons make feet suffer from great pressure, and the wearing poor shoes can le

41、ad to worse problems of the feet.（分数：7.10）(7).You need to change the speed of your walk in order to exercise different muscles of your body.（分数：7.10）(8).The shoes that can not absorb shock may cause fatigue to the people who wear them.（分数：7.10）(9).Orthotics are usually suggested to deal with uneven

42、wear, which may lead to a collapsed arch and lower back pain.（分数：7.10）(10).You can rub your feet in order to make you feel well after a long day.（分数：7.10）十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The planet is getting lusher, and we are responsible. Carbon dioxide generated by human a

43、ctivity is stimulating photosynthesis (光合作用) and causing a beneficial greening of the Earth“s surface. For the first time, researchers claim to have shown that the increase in plant cover is due to this “CO 2 fertilization effect“ rather than other causes. However, it remains unclear whether the eff

44、ect can counter any negative consequences of global warming, such as the spread of deserts. Recent satellite studies have shown that the planet is harboring more vegetation overall, but pinning down the cause has been difficult. Factors such as higher temperatures, extra rainfall, and an increase in

45、 atmospheric CO 2 which helps plants use water more efficientlycould all be boosting vegetation. To home in on the effect of CO 2 , Randall Donohue of Australia“s national research institute, the CSIRO in Canberra, monitored vegetation at the edges of deserts in Australia, southern Africa, the US So

46、uthwest, North Africa, the Middle East and central Asia. These are regions where there is ample warmth and sunlight, but only just enough rainfall for vegetation to grow, so any change in plant cover must be the result of a change in rainfall patterns or CO 2 levels, or both. If CO 2 levels were con

47、stant, then the amount of vegetation per unit of rainfall ought to be constant, too. However, the team found that this figure rose by 11 per cent in these areas between 1982 and 2010, mirroring the rise in CO 2 (Geophysical Research Letters, doi. org/mqx). Donohue says this lends “strong support“ to

48、 the idea that CO 2 fertilization drove the greening. Climate change studies have predicted that many dry areas will get drier and that some deserts will expand. Donohue“s findings make this less certain. However, the greening effect may not apply to the world“s driest regions. Beth Newingham of the

49、 University of Idaho, Moscow, recently published the result of a 10-year experiment involving a greenhouse set up in the Mojave Desert of Nevada. She found “no sustained increase in biomass“ when extra CO 2 was pumped into the greenhouse. “You cannot assume that all these deserts respond the same,“ she says. “Enough water needs to be present for the plants to respond at all.“（分数：71.00）(1).Why do researchers claim that the increase in plant cover is due to this “CO 2 fertilization effect“?（分数：