大学六级-1603及答案解析.doc

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1、大学六级-1603 及答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.很多人认为信息安全很重要2. 有的人认为信息不是实物，所以信息安全无关紧要3. 我认为The Importance of Information Security_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Five Eco-crimes We Commit Every DayAsk yourself this: how green am I really? You might think you are

2、 doing your bit for the environment, but even if you shun bottled water, buy local produce and reuse your plastic bags, chances are that you have some habits that are far more environmentally damaging than you realise.1. Coffee Take coffee. The average cup of black filter coffee is in fact responsib

3、le for 125 grams of CO2 emissions. Of this, two-thirds comes from production and most of the rest from brewing.Choosing the instant coffee reduces that figure to around 80 grams. Yet that still means a six-a-day caffeine habit clocks up more than 175 kilograms of CO2 , each year. Thats the equivalen

4、t of a flight across Europe-from London to Rome, say. Add milk, and the methane (甲烷) produced by dairy cows means you increase your coffees climate-changing emissions by more than a third.It doesnt end there, though. The environmental group WWF has calculated that it takes 200 litres of water to pro

5、duce the coffee, milk, sugar and cup for just one cup of regular takeout hot coffee. So if everyone ditched their pre-work coffee fix that would do wonders for the planet.2. Toilet paper Then theres toilet paper. Like coffee companies, toilet paper manufacturers have long provided options for enviro

6、nmentally conscious consumers. Top of the list is 100 per cent recycled paper, which avoids much of the energy use and emissions associated with harvesting and processing new wood. Every kilogram of recycled tissue saves some 30 litres of water and between 3 and 4 kilowatt-hours of electricity. Sinc

7、e 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity is responsible for around 500 grams of CO2 , that means a saving of 1.5 to 2 tonnes of CO2 per tonne of tissue.Recycled toilet tissue is most widely used in Europe and Latin America, but even there it still only accounts for 1 in 5 rolls. In the US it isnt a common p

8、roduct. The average American gets through 23 toilet roils each year, adding up to more than 7 billion rolls for the country in total. Of these, just 1 in 50 are from 100 per cent recycled fibres. As Greenpeace pointed out earlier this year, this not only wastes energy and water, it also puts additio

9、nal logging pressure on old-growth forest in North America, forests which play a vital role in supporting native biodiversity.The reason toilet roll made from new wood is preferred is quite simple: its long fibres produce the softest paper. Every time paper is recycled, the fibres become shorter, ma

10、king for an increasingly rough bathroom experience. Recycled paper cant compete on softness so some use of new wood by the toilet paper industry may be inevitable. Sourcing Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) approved toilet tissue will help to ensure that any new wood fibres that are added to the mix

11、have come from sustainable forestry projects that protect, rather than threaten, old-growth forest ecosystems.3. Fast fashion Next on the list of everyday crime is fast fashion. In 1990, global textile production stood at 40 million tonnes. By 2005 that figure had risen to around 60 nil lion tonnes.

12、 This surge in manufacture and consumption has been helped by fast-moving fashion trends and sweatshop price tags. As a result, much of the clothing we buy ends up being discarded long before it has worn out. In the UK, where the average item is worn for less than a third of its useful lifespan, mor

13、e than a million tonnes of clothing are thrown away each year. The bulk of it ends up buried in landfill sites.Even the global economic crisis appears to have had little impact on our love affair with fast fashion; UK clothing sales this summer were up 11 per cent on the same time last year. If we c

14、ant entirely kick the habit, we can at least dispose of the evidence in a greener way.At present, in the UK and US, only around a quarter of unwanted textiles are reused or recycled. Recycled textiles have many uses, from mattress (床垫) fillings to bags and shoes, but the truly green alternative is r

15、euse. The energy required to collect, process and sell a reused item of clothing is only 2 per cent of the energy required to manufacture a new garment. Every kilogram of virgin cotton preserved by reusing second-hand clothing saves 65 kilowatt-hours of energy, equivalent to about 32.5 kilograms of

16、CO2 .4. Laundry Fast fashion has created textile mountains in many homes, yet the environmental cost of this excessive consumption has an even less conspicuous twin: the energy used to launder it all. Cleanliness has become a touchstone of domestic life since advertisers convinced us that our shirts

17、 must always be “whiter than white“, our sheets should forever smell of spring flowers, and that to be dressed in freshly laundered clothes at all times is a badge of success. We live in a “wear once and wash“ culture. In fact, only about 7.5 per cent of the average laundry load in the UK is thought

18、 to be heavily soiled. Much of the rest is made up of items that are stuffed into the washing machine simply because they are on the floor instead of in the wardrobe. This habit is shockingly wasteful in terms of water, detergents (洗涤剂) and energy.One study found that over 80 per cent of the CO2 emi

19、ssions produced during the life cycle of a single blouse arose from cleaning and drying it. The percentage can be even higher for items made of cotton, as they tend to require far more energy-hungry drying.It is easy to see how these emissions stack up. A full load in a washing machine uses around 1

20、.2 kilowatt-hours of electricity per cycle and tumble drying clocks up a further 3.5 kilowatt-hours, resulting in over 2 kilograms of CO2 emissions per wash. With four or five loads per household per week, the total annual emissions from each home can easily pass the half-toune mark. Thats a signifi

21、cant proportion of the 10-tonne annual emissions of the average European. Line drying, washing at lower temperatures and ensuring full rather than partial loads will all help to reduce laundry emissions. For the largest cuts, simply washing less frequently is the way to go.5. Food wastage Of all the

22、 facets of overcousnmption that plague both human society and the global environment, food wastage is the most shocking. US households throw away around 30 per cent of their food, worth $48 billion every year. Similar levels of wastage are seen in Europe. In the UK, some 6.7 million tonnes of food i

23、s binned annually. Most of this joins the layers of unwanted clothing in landfill sites, where it decays, emitting the powerful greenhouse gas methane. Potatoes top the pile, with 859,000 tounes going uneaten each year. Bread and apples are not far behind. Meat and fish are next, accounting for over

24、 160,000 tounes. A staggering 4.8 billion grapes go the same way, as do 480 million yogurts. The annual cost to UK consumers of all this waste is 10 billion and the cost to the environment is the equivalent of an extra 15 million tonnes of CO2 .（分数：70.00）(1).In the process of making coffee, almost o

25、ne-third of the CO2 emission comes from _A. production B. brewing C. transportation D. storage（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It was estimated by WWF that if you gave up a cup of takeout hot coffee,_A. you did good to your health B. you could save 200 litres of waterC. it didnt help protect the earth D. you av

26、oided 125 grams of CO2 emission（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).As an eco-friendly product, 100 per cent recycled paper _A. is newly provided for customers B. has better quality than common toilet paperC. is commonly used in the US D. avoids much energy use and emissions（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the disadvan

27、tage of recycled paper compared with paper made from new wood?A. It destroys many old-growth forests. B. It is more expensive.C. It makes rough bathroom experience. D. It is much heavier.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The surge of global textile production is pushed by _A. prevalence of sweatshops B. pursuit

28、of high-end productsC. higher living standard D. ever-changing fashion trends（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What is the greenest way to dispose of the old clothes?A. Burying the clothes in landfill sites. B. Recycling the textile to make new products.C. Selling the clothes as used items. D. Burning the clothe

29、s to generate energy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).We are made to believed by advertisers that _A. cleanliness is the standard of domestic lifeB. old shirts can never be washed whiter than new onesC. “wear once and wash“ culture is an eco-crimeD. fast fashion has brought excessive textile consumption（分数：7.00

30、）A.B.C.D.(8).During the life cycle of cotton clothes, they emit more greenhouse gas because they need far more _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).It is suggested in the passage that the best way to reduce laundry emissions is to _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).As the most shocking way of overconsumption, food wastage cause

31、s trouble to both the global environment and _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. He drank the orange juice. B. He couldnt find the juice anywhere.C. He broke the glass of juice. D. He had no idea what happened.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. A bigger house

32、is not as good as a new car. B. They ran out of money from buying a new car.C. They do not need a bigger house right now. D. They should sell their car to afford a bigger house.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The mans wife is definitely a negative person.B. She couldnt put up with the mans wife any longer.C

33、. The mans wife must have an unhappy childhood.D. The mans wife may be influenced by her experience.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. The sales manager has short memories.B. The woman is an awkward liar.C. The woman has never met the sales manager.D. The sales manager is too busy to meet the woman.（分数：7.00）A.

34、B.C.D.(5).A. She witnessed an accident. B. She slept too much that day.C. She experienced an earthquake. D. She found something horrible.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. The woman wants to drink something cold. B. The man wants to have a filling replaced.C. The woman is having a dental check up. D. The man s

35、uggests the woman to remove her teeth.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister.C. Salesman and customer. D. Doctor and patient.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She just saw a bird flying in the bush.B. Their team will definitely win.C. Its too early to draw a conclusion.D. Four scores

36、ahead is never enough to win the game.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversation One（分数：21.00）(1).A. Providing high-quality products for customers.B. Providing good services for customers.C. Doing everything you can to please and keep customers.D. Establishing dialogues with the customers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.

37、 The relationship the company establishes with its customers.B. Legal responsibilities shared by the company and its customers.C. Responding to the customers complaints.D. Seeking the customers feedback actively.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. A bridge between the company and its customers.B. A way of super

38、vising the companys business.C. A way to deal with customers after-sales services.D. A way to deal with customers complaints and refunds.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversation Two（分数：28.00）(1).A. The history of some famous cities. B. The population in the whole world.C. The difference between Europe and USA.

39、 D. The characteristics of some large cities.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Housing and services. B. Traffic and resources.C. Water and electricity. D. Pollution and population.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They controlled the growth. B. They grew relatively slowly.C. They had the same population. D. They were q

40、uite different.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. To live together with their family. B. To bring their skills to cities.C. To btuld a better countryside. D. To search a better condition.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage One（分数：28.00）(1).A. Diet. B. Overweight. C. Lack of sleep. D. Sleeping d

41、isorder.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The relationship between sleep and weight.B. The question of chicken or the eggs.C. The difficulty of persuading kids to lose pounds.D. The priority order between sleeping less and weighing more.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They required some kids to do some physical exami

42、nations.B. They asked parents about their kids sleeping condition.C. They tried to single out the overweight child.D. They interviewed the sixth graders from entire country.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Sleeping less leads to gain weight. B. There is a link between sleep and weight.C. Sleeping more will d

43、o harm to human body. D. Sleep is not very important for the third graders.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage Two（分数：21.00）(1).A. Its reform in design. B. Its target at young people.C. Its imaginative design and inexpensive. D. Its practical design and affordability.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. It promotes its mar

44、keting strategies. B. It uses design to fight back.C. It improves its management efficiency. D. It switches to aim at the up-market.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. To make great profit. B. To boost market share.C. To distinguish from imitators. D. To enhance it popularity.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage Three（分数：2

45、1.00）(1).A. Being too unrealistic. B. Having a clear idea of strengths.C. Being overly hard on yourself. D. Having an inaccurate self-perception.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They find themselves brighter than expected. B. They feel regret on their rough decision.C. They still have very low self-concepts.

46、 D. They enjoy their college life very much.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Accepting both good and bad evaluations and ignoring them.B. Paying attention to the negative feedback and seeking out for help.C. Acknowledging your values and pointing out your shortcomings.D. Trying to figure out the unrealistic

47、evaluations by yourself.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)As long as the American land was not completely settled and the elements of civilized order were not yet imposed on the frontier, the (36) American passion for looking to the future was (37) to prophetic brooding (沉思) on material (3

48、8) and to great efforts to make those prophecies come true. But with the closing of the frontier, interest in the future took a more human form. It became the (39) of the American men and women to provide a world in which life would be easier for the next generation. (40) , at least, the closing of

49、the frontier meant a closing of the (41) , since it was no longer possible to (42) the problem of youths economic future with a (43) “Go West, young men, and grow up with the country“.As a result, providing a world in which young men and women could grow up in a fairly stable country became a constant national concern. (44) If, on the other hand, the old tradition survived that ev