【考研类试卷】考研英语知识运用分类精讲文化教育类-(四)及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语知识运用分类精讲文化教育类-(四)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. (1) , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people

2、 of England call themselves English. The others (2) to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, (3) the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed (4) being classified as “English“.Even in England there are many (5) in regional character and speech. The chief (6) is between southern England and no

3、rthern England. South of a (7) going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, (8) there are local variations.Further north regional speech is usually “ (9) “ than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (10) to claim that they work harder than So

4、utherners, and are more (11) . They are open-hearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them (12) . Northerners generally have hearty (13) : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (14) at meal times.In accent and ch

5、aracter the people of the Midlands (15) a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman.In Scotland the sound (16) by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often pronounced in words in which it would be (17) in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serio

6、us, cautious, thrifty people, (18) inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (19) as being more “fiery“ than the English. They are (20) a race that is quite distinct from the English.（分数：50.00）(1).A. In consequence B. In brief

7、 C. In general D. In fact（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. confine B. attach C. refer D. add（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. as B. which C. for D. so（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. with B. by C. at D. for（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. similarities B. differences C. certainties D. features（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. factor B. virtue C. p

8、rivilege D. division（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. line B. row C. border D. scale（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. who B. when C. though D. for（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. wider B. broader C. rarer D. scarcer（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. used B. apt C. possible D. probable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. perfect B. notorious C. super

9、ior D. thorough（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. swiftly B. promptly C. immediately D. quickly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. appetites B. tastes C. interests D. senses（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. helpings B. offerings C. fillings D. findings（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. designate B. demonstrate C. represent D. reckon（分数：2.

10、50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. delivered B. denoted C. depicted D. defined（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. quiet B. obscure C. faint D. silent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. rather B. still C. somehow D. even（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. rendered B. thought C. impressed D. described（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. with B. of C. among D. a

11、gainst（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.Valentines Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. (1) the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called (2) the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his (3) was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the (4) of the girls were written on (5

12、) of paper and placed in jars. Each young man (6) a slip. The girl whose name was (7) was to be his sweetheart for the year.Legend 88 it that the holiday became Valentines Day (9) a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II (10) the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius fel

13、t married soldiers would (11) stay home than fight. When Valentine (12) the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the (13) of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a (14) . Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14thValentines

14、 Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine (15) of Lupercus.Valentines Day has become a major (16) of love and romance in the modem world. The ancient god Cupid and his (17) into a lovers heart may still be used to (18) falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers o

15、r jewelry, to do this. (19) to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentines Day can sometimes be as (20) as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.（分数：50.00）(1).A. While B. When C. Though D. Unless（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. upon B. back C. off D. away（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. honor B. belief

16、 C. hand D. way（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. problems B. secrets C. names D. intentions（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. rolls B. piles C. works D. slips（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. cast B. caught C. drew D. found（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. given B. chosen C. called D. delivered（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. tells B. means C. make

17、s D. has（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. after B. since C. as D. from（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. ordered B. pleaded C. envisioned D. believed（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. other B. simply C. rather D. all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. disliked B. defied C. defeated D. dishonored（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. celebration B. arran

18、gement C. feast D. eve（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. goat B. saint C. model D. weapon（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. because B. made C. instead D. learnt（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. part B. representative C. judgement D. symbol（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. story B. wander C. arrow D. play（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. portray

19、B. require C. demand D. alert（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. Keeping B. Disapproving C. Supporting D. Forgetting（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. constructive B. damaging C. reinforcing D. retorting（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.考研英语知识运用分类精讲文化教育类-(四)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Many foreigners w

20、ho have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. (1) , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others (2) to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, (3) th

21、e case may be; they are often slightly annoyed (4) being classified as “English“.Even in England there are many (5) in regional character and speech. The chief (6) is between southern England and northern England. South of a (7) going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually

22、learnt by foreign students, (8) there are local variations.Further north regional speech is usually “ (9) “ than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (10) to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more (11) . They are open-hearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they m

23、ake friends with them (12) . Northerners generally have hearty (13) : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (14) at meal times.In accent and character the people of the Midlands (15) a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Eng

24、lishman.In Scotland the sound (16) by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often pronounced in words in which it would be (17) in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, (18) inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain

25、(the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (19) as being more “fiery“ than the English. They are (20) a race that is quite distinct from the English.（分数：50.00）(1).A. In consequence B. In brief C. In general D. In fact（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查逻辑关系。前文提到了许多没去过大不列颠的外国人习惯于把大不列颠群岛认为是英格兰。后文指出大不列颠群岛上

26、有许多民族，可见前后是转折关系，DIn fact，“实际上”。常表示语气的转折，故为正确答案。In consequence“因此”，In brief“简短地；总而言之”，In general“一般来说”，均不符合题意。(2).A. confine B. attach C. refer D. add（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词短语辨析。所选动词与 to搭配构成短语。前文提到只有英格兰的人才把自己称为英格兰人。而其他人_自己为威尔士人、苏格兰人和爱尔兰人。refer to.as“把称作”，符合题意，故选 Crefer。confine.to“把局限于；管制”，attach

27、.to“缚上，系上，贴上，使依附于，使依恋”，add to (=increase)“增加”，均不符合题意。(3).A. as B. which C. for D. so（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查逻辑关系。as 作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作表语，代表整个主句的意思。as the case may be 可译为“事情可能就是这样”。which 虽然也可以引导非限制性定语从句，但在此类带有插入句性质的定语从句中均用 as，故 Aas“正如”正确。for“对于”，so“因此”，均排除。(4).A. with B. by C. at D. for（分数：2.50

28、）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查介词搭配。be annoyed at 意为“对感到烦恼、不痛快”。故选 Cat。其他项均排除。(5).A. similarities B. differences C. certainties D. features（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。联系上下文，可知下文介绍的是不同区域的差异。故选Bdifferences“不同，差异”。similarities“相似点”，certainties“确定性”，features“特征”，均不符合题意。(6).A. factor B. virtue C. privilege D. divi

29、sion（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查名词辨析。前一句中的 differences暗示此处应选 Ddivision“分歧，差异”。factor“要素”，virtue“美德，价值”，privilege“特权”，均不符合题意。(7).A. line B. row C. border D. scale（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。前面提到在英格兰也有许多地区性特点和言语方面的差别。主要区别存在于南英格兰与北英格兰之间。此处所填名词与 a搭配，故选 Aline“线”。row“(横)排”，border“边界”，scale“尺度，规模”，均不符合题意。

30、(8).A. who B. when C. though D. for（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查逻辑关系。联系上下文，上文提到从布里斯托到伦敦的连线以南，人们说的英语就是外国学生通常所学的那种英语。空格后指出有些地方性差异。可知此处表示让步关系，故应选Cthough“尽管”。其他项均排除。(9).A. wider B. broader C. rarer D. scarcer（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。本句中指方言本身的范围，故用 Bbroader“广阔的”，(侧重指本身的广度)。wider“更广大的，更广泛的”(侧重指两边的距离)，

31、rarer“更稀少的”，scarcer“更罕见的，更缺乏的”，均不符合题意。(10).A. used B. apt C. possible D. probable（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查结构型词义搭配。前文提到再往北的方言通常比英国南部方言的差异“更大”。可知此段涉及到南北对比，be apt to do sth. 意为“倾向于，习惯于”，符合题意。故本题选 Bapt“易于”。其他项如 be used to doing sth. “习惯于”(后接名词或动名词)。sb. is possible to do sth. 是错误的，应改为 It is possible for

32、 sb. to do sth. 。probable(很可能成为现实的)经常用于“It is probable that.”句型中或 sth. is probable句型中。(11).A. perfect B. notorious C. superior D. thorough（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。此空所在句子意为：北部人往往声称他们比南部人更勤奋，因而更_。根据句意，可知选 Dthorough“纯正，完美”。perfect 没有比较级和最高级形式，因而句中既然有 mote，就不能再接 perfect了。superior 是从拉丁语接纳到英语中来的形容词

33、比较级，故不能与more连用。notorious“臭名昭著的”与上下文内容相悖，故不能入选。(12).A. swiftly B. promptly C. immediately D. quickly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查副词辨析。本句中只强调交朋友的“快”，故应选 Dquickly“快速地”。swiftly“快速地，敏捷地”，promptly“敏捷地，迅速地，即刻地”，这两词均强调行为发生的敏捷性。immediately“立刻，马上”，也不合题意，故不能入选。(13).A. appetites B. tastes C. interests D. senses（分数

34、：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查词语搭配。hearty appetites“心宽体胖胃口好”，故选 Aappetites“胃口”。taste“滋味；趣味，鉴赏力”，interest“兴趣”，sense“感觉；见识”，均不符合句意，故不能入选。(14).A. helpings B. offerings C. fillings D. findings（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。前文提到北部人一般心宽体胖胃口好，例如，到兰开郡或约克郡的参观者在吃饭时可以有望得到丰盛的_。根据句意可知，Ahelpings“(饭菜的)分量”正确。offerings“提供，

35、奉献献礼”，fillings“填料，填充物”，findings“发现，发现物，发现结果”，均不符合句意。(15).A. designate B. demonstrate C. represent D. reckon（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。此空所在句子意为：在口音和特征方面，米德兰(英格兰中部地区)的人了从南部型英格兰人到北部型英格兰人的逐渐变化。根据句意。选 Crepresent“描述，表示”。designate“标明，指明”，demonstrate“论证，演示”，reckon“认为，指望，处理；测算”，均不符合句意。(16).A. delivered B

36、. denoted C. depicted D. defined（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。此空所在句子意为：在苏格兰，字母“R”所表示的音是强音。Bdenoted“表示”符合句意。deliver“交付，投递，发表”，depict“描绘”，define“给下定义”，均不符合句意。(17).A. quiet B. obscure C. faint D. silent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。此空所在句子意为：“R”常常在有些词中读出声来，在南部英语中这些词中的“R”是_的。可知此处选 Dsilent“沉默的”，在此处指语音学

37、中“默音的”。quiet“安静的”，obscure“晦涩的”，faint“昏沉的”，均不符合句意。(18).A. rather B. still C. somehow D. even（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查副词辨析。此空所在句子意为：据说，苏格兰是一个严肃、谨慎、节俭的民族，_创造力并且有点神秘感。因此，应选 Arather“有点，相当”。still“仍然”，somehow“以某种方式，用某种方法”，even“甚至”，均不符合句意。(19).A. rendered B. thought C. impressed D. described（分数：2.50）A.B.C.

38、D. 解析：解析 考查词语搭配。此空所在句子意为：英伦三岛的所有凯尔特人种(威尔士、爱尔兰人、苏格兰人)常被_比英格兰人更加“脾气暴躁”be described as 意为“被描述为”，符合句意。故选Ddescribed“描述”。“render+名词+形容词”意为“致使”，be thought of as“被认为”，impress“使留下印象”，均不符合句意。(20).A. with B. of C. among D. against（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查惯用搭配。“be of+名词”此结构意为“是具有的”。故本句意思为：他们具有与英格兰人完全不同的血统。因此，B

39、of 入选。with“和”，among“在中”，against“反对”，均排除。Valentines Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. (1) the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called (2) the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his (3) was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the (4) of the girls w

40、ere written on (5) of paper and placed in jars. Each young man (6) a slip. The girl whose name was (7) was to be his sweetheart for the year.Legend 88 it that the holiday became Valentines Day (9) a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II (10) the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become enga

41、ged. Claudius felt married soldiers would (11) stay home than fight. When Valentine (12) the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the (13) of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a (14) . Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to t

42、he 14thValentines Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine (15) of Lupercus.Valentines Day has become a major (16) of love and romance in the modem world. The ancient god Cupid and his (17) into a lovers heart may still be used to (18) falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts,

43、such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. (19) to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentines Day can sometimes be as (20) as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.（分数：50.00）(1).A. While B. When C. Though D. Unless（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查逻辑关系。While 表时间或让步，意为“当的时候”或“虽然，尽管”；When 表时间，意为“

44、当的时候”；Though 表让步，意为“尽管，虽然”；Unless 表条件，意为“除非”。根据文意，两个分句之间是时间关系，因此需要在 While和 When之间选择。When 既可指一段时间，也可指一个时间点，既可表示持续的动作，也可表示一时的动作；While 一般只表示持续性的动作或状态。空格所在分句中的动作 roamed不是持续性的动作，故 BWhen 正确。(2).A. upon B. back C. off D. away（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查动词短语辨析。空格处填入的介词或副词与 call构成动词短语，后接 sb. to do sth. 作复合宾语。c

45、all upon sb. to do sth. 意为“请求/要求某人做某事”，符合题意。call back 意为“回电话；叫(某人)回去”；call off 意为“取消，停止进行”，一般接 sth. 作宾语；call away 意为“叫走，叫到别处去”。故选 Aupon。(3).A. honor B. belief C. hand D. way（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查介词短语辨析。不存在 in sb. s belief的搭配，首先排除 B。其他项构成的固定搭配是：in sb. s/sth. s honor 意为“向表示敬意”，符合题意，表示“向他(牧神卢帕克斯)表示

46、敬意”；in sb. s hands 意为“受某人照料，被某人控制”；in sb. s way 意为“以某人特有的方式”或“挡某人的路”；根据文意，Ahonor 正确。(4).A. problems B. secrets C. names D. intentions（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查上下文语义。从空格所在的段落看出，其内容是关于抽签选恋人的活动。由本段末句的“name”可知，本题应选 Cnames，表示“女孩的名字被写在纸上”。problems“问题”，secrets“秘密”，。intentions“意图”，都不符合上下文语义。(5).A. rolls B.

47、piles C. works D. slips（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查名词辨析。空格处填入名词，与 of paper搭配。rolls of sth. 意为“卷”；piles of sth. 意为“成堆的东西，大量的东西”；works 意为“著作，作品；工厂”，不与 paper搭配；slip本身意为“纸条，便条，小纸片”，它常与 of paper搭配，表示“纸条”。由于本段倒数第二句出现了a slip，根据文意，应选 Dslips。(6).A. cast B. caught C. drew D. found（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。

48、选项为四个动词的过去式形式。cast“(用力)投，掷，抛”，catch“接住，拦住；捉住”，draw“抽(签，牌)，抓(阄)”，find“发现”。根据文意，应表达“年轻男子从中抽出纸条”的含义，故选 Cdrew。(7).A. given B. chosen C. called D. delivered（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。选项为四个动词的过去分词形式，与 was构成被动式。give“给”，choose“选择”，call“呼叫”，deliver 意为“递送，传送”。由上文可知，“年轻男子抽出了写有女孩名字的纸条”，因此女孩的名字是被“选中”，故 Bchos

49、en 正确。(8).A. tells B. means C. makes D. has（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查固定搭配。Legend has it 意为“据传说”，后面接宾语从句，是 it替代的内容。因此，本题选 Dhas。(9).A. after B. since C. as D. from（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查介词辨析。空格处填入一个介词，后面接名词短语 a Roman priest，过去分词 named Valentine作后置定语修饰 priest。A. after。意为“模仿，依照”，符合文意，空格所在句子相当于Valentines Day was named after a Roman priest。其他项虽然都可作介词，但 since“自从”，as“作为”，from“从”，均不符合文意。(10).A. ordered B.