[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（文化教育类写作）模拟试卷2及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级（文化教育类写作）模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 1 Do you agree with the following statement? Government should support scientific research even if theres no practical use. Write an essay of about 400 words. You should

2、 supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summar

3、y. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 2 Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and detai

4、ls to support your choice. Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you sho

5、uld bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 3 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other a

6、dult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state c

7、learly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to fol

8、low the above instructions may result in a loss of marks 4 At present it is hard for college graduates to find jobs. Many people claim that college teachers should give priority to practical courses like computer science and business over such traditional ones as history and geography. What do you t

9、hink? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you ha

10、ve written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 专业英语八级（文化教育类写作）模拟试卷 2答案与解析 一、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about

11、400 words on the following topic. 1 【正确答案】 Should Government Support Impractical Scientific Research Nowadays the debate on whether government should spend money on science researches that dont have practical use has been a hot issue. Ideas vary from person to person. Personally, I agree with the st

12、atement that government should allocate adequate funds to any scientific research that aims to improve the well-being of people, even if it is of no practical use in the short run. Firstly, the scientific research may help people to have a better understanding of the world they are living in. Resear

13、ch into the space is a case in point. In 1969, the Apollo program, ranked among the greatest human achievements in science in the twentieth century, landed Neil Armstrong, the first human being, on the surface of the moon. It is the first time that the vast majority of ordinary citizens in various r

14、egions throughout the world knew what is the moon because of this program. Maybe the scientific research didnt have obviously practical use, but it led the people to focus on the galaxy exploration. Obviously, without support given by government, such a kind of space exploration would have been impo

15、ssible. Secondly, lots of so-called practical scientific researches which were not regarded as practical at first later turned out to be quite practical. Were there not any seemingly useless researches and experiments, science would be stagnant. When the first computer was about to be developed, the

16、 public opinion went against it because they saw nothing practical except for the vast sum of funds poured on its research. However, it turned out to have transformed the way human society evolved and finally proved itself to be of great avail in the long run, especially in terms of scientific devel

17、opment in any fields such as military, medicine, aviation and education. Since we cant predict whether the scientific research is really practical or not at the beginning and in the mid, it is not proper for us to give it up based on the judgment at the beginning. We can not only focus on the immedi

18、ate effect of the scientific research. In sum, never should we imply that research whose benefits are unknown is not worth pursuing. After all, any research worth doing delves into the unknown. Scientific research, even if there is no practical use, should also be supported by government because sci

19、entific research is important not only in practical vista, but also in some more profound areas. 【试题解析】 本文在首段提出了全文的主题句，即任何科学研究， 只要其目的是为了使人们生活得更幸福，哪怕短期没有实用价值，都应当得到政府充足的资金支持。这句主题句限定了所讨论话题的范围，也就是这些科学研究必须有良好的目的，这样的立论将那些邪恶的科学研究排除在外，使论点更合理、更具说服力。在论述过程中，作者主要采用了举例论证的方法。在谈到科学研究能使人们更了解自己所生活的世界时，作者用了登月这一例子，指出虽

20、然登月这一科研活动没有实用价值，但使我们开始关注宇宙；作者提出的第二个理由是有些科学研究虽然一开始被认为没有实用价值，但之后人们会意识到，从长远看，这些研究非常实用，这 里作者用了电脑的发明来进行例证。这两个例子的使用非常贴切，且通俗易懂、知晓度高，使用这两个例子，读者就很容易接受。 【知识模块】 文化教育类 2 【正确答案】 The Benefits of Working for a Small Company One of the most controversial issues today relates to whether working in a large or a small

21、 company is a better option. From my everyday experience and observation, I believe that a small corporation offers more opportunities to their employees than a big one. In this essay, I will give some examples to support my opinion. The most important benefit of working for a small company is that

22、I will have many chances to develop. In general, a small company is a developing enterprise and it is not easy to absorb many excellent employees. If I enter this small company, I think that the boss will appreciate me and give me many opportunities to reveal my abilities. On contrary to this, a lar

23、ge company is already a highly-developed institution. There are many prominent talents working for it. A good position will absorb hundreds of candidates, which means that I have to spend a lot of time and vigor to get this position. Another benefit of working for a small company, which working for

24、a large company almost cannot achieve, is that I can learn many practical skills. As shown above, a small company is a developing enterprise. This means that it has not a great deal of money to employ many persons. Consequently, I can do all kinds of jobs at the same time. I think that this will be

25、useful to compete in the society. But in a large company, I may only engage a monotonous job over a long period of time. I believe that this will be helpless to improve my capacity. Whats more, there will be more fun finding myself in a small company because of closer interactive relationships. Coll

26、eagues can readily become friends, the team spirit being high. In fact, it may not be a big thing but many small things, like birthdays being remembered, or going as far as calling the boss by first name. Of course, choosing to work for a large company also has advantages to some extent. For example

27、, it will afford handsome salary and will be not easy to fail in business competition. But from my own development, I still want to work in a small company. In addition, I believe that every large company originates from a small company. Maybe I will become an important person when the small company

28、 in which I work becomes a large one. 【试题解析】 本文语言简洁流畅，结构清晰。在第一段中，作者非常明确地亮出了自己的观点，同时强调这是他个人经历和观察所得出的结论，这样不仅与题目中 Which would you prefer?相符合，也使得整篇文章给人留下表述严谨的第一印象。在论证部分，作者提出了三点理由，首先，在小公司会有更多的发展机会；其次，在小 公司能学到更多的技能；最后，在小公司同事之间的关系会更亲密。这三个理由从三个不同方面给作者的观点提供支持，让人信服。值得注意的是，在论证部分，作者在第二段和第三段分析完小公司的优点后马上使用对比论证的方法

29、，提出了在这方面大公司的缺陷，这种对比论证凸显了小公司的优势和大公司的不足，增强了全文的说服力。最后，在全文的结尾部分，作者在总结之前先承认了在大公司工作的好处，这些好处是显而易见的，也是大家都承认的，这一让步写法使全文的论述更加完整，也使全文看上去更具客观性。 【知识模块】 文化教育类 3 【正 确答案】 The Importance of Making Decisions by Teenagers Themselves Whether parents or other adults should make important decisions for older teenagers is

30、 a matter of opinions. While some argue that young adults need guidance from their parents, others believe that young adults should be allowed to make their own decisions. I believe teenagers should be allowed to make all of their own decisions as they will both learn from their mistakes and develop

31、 a sense of responsibility. First, becoming an adult involves learning from your mistakes. If adults were to take away this process, teenagers would never learn from their mistakes. For example, consider what would happen if a student decided to cheat on an exam. Assuming they passed, the student wo

32、uld be completely unprepared to complete the next level of the course or program. The student needs to learn that the mistake they made was cheating and learn to be better prepared. Learning from the mistake might involve the student repeating a course to ensure they are prepared to continue and hav

33、e the necessary skills and knowledge. Simply following the instructions of others would only lead the student into being completely unprepared for real life. Second, teenagers need to develop a sense of responsibility. Once becoming an adult, people have little recourse for avoiding trouble. Neither

34、 someones mother nor father will be able to deal with the issues of their adult children. Employers value independence and original thought from their employees. Someone with the tendency to mindlessly follow instructions and no sense of responsibility is only likely to be fired. Besides, not knowin

35、g how to be responsible is likely to have adverse effect on social relationships. For these reasons, it is imperative to develop a sense of responsibility. To help make sound decisions, what parents can do is to engage their children in dialogue and to provide them with all the necessary information

36、. Through the parents guidance, teenagers will arrive at the correct decisions and feel as though those decisions were completely their own. Not only will they continue to seek reliable advice of their parents, but the self-confidence gained from this experience will make it easier for them to make

37、decisions in the future. In conclusion, I believe that teenagers should make all of their own important decisions. By making their own decisions, they will be able to learn from their own mistakes as well as develop a sense of responsibility. This is a process that will ensure teenagers are sufficie

38、ntly prepared to deal with the real world. 【试题解析】 本文立意准确、观点鲜明。在开头段，作者介绍了正反两种观点，并提出了自己的看法，主题句 “I believe teenagers should be allowed to make all of their own decisions as they will both learn from their mistakes and develop a sense of responsibility”中 learn from their mistakes和 develop a sense of res

39、ponsibility是作者即将具体展开的两大理由，在主题句中出现使读者很容易就能把握文章的主体结构。在正文部分，作者先提出了两点父母不应为孩子做决定的理由，随后又提出了父母应该做的不是为孩子们做决定，而是给他们提供建议和看法。这一内容的添加使得全文有些类似于问题解决型的文章，即提出问题、分析原因、提出建议。这样做是由题目的内容所决定的，如果只谈父母不应为孩子做决定，那么肯定会有很多质疑，比如看到孩子做出错误的决定，难道父母要视而不见吗 ?因此，第四段定义了父母可以扮演的角色，即咨询师，使得全文内容更为充实完整。在语言方面，本文作者在多处使用了虚拟语气，如： If adults were to

40、 take away this process， teenagers would never learn from their mistakes，这是在考试作文中不常见的。 【知识模块】 文化教育类 4 【正确答案】 Top Priority of College Education The number of college graduates is surging while a substantial proportion of them have difficulties in finding employment after their graduation. Many people

41、 hold the opinion that lack of practical knowledge, among other things, contributes to this situation. In light of this, they contend that college teachers should lay more stress on practical training than on theoretical lessons. Personally, I strongly disagree with their point of view for three rea

42、sons. Firstly, fundamental theories, such as math and physics, are the basis of other knowledge. To a student who majors in automatic control, the course of control system is the most practical and useful in the future. But if he isnt good at math and circuit, he will hardly be able to understand th

43、e principles and methods of how to control a subject or a process. It is just like constructing a building. How can you imagine a spectacular high-rise without a firm groundsill? Therefore, theories and practices are interrelated. We can ignore neither of them. Secondly, college education, totally d

44、ifferent from technical training, aims to cultivate all-rounded students. With this goal in mind, college students should dip in various subjects while simultaneously concentrating on one academic field as their major. It is likely that they will not excel immediately after they work in a new post f

45、or the first time due to their lack of social expe-rience and practical skills. However, when they are adjusted to the reality of work, they will play an important role and become valuable asset of the company they work for, owing to their excellent ability. Their value is enormous in the long run,

46、but may be invisible in the short term. Any far-sighted employers, especially those in established international companies, understand this point and formulate their recruiting principles accordingly. There is no need for college students to make a rush to follow the tendency blindly. Thirdly, unive

47、rsities are where theoretical knowledge is handed down from generation to generation. As we all know, from Oxford University to Yale University, from Beijing University to MIT, universities congregate a lot of preeminent scholars and professors whose main jobs are the academic research. They are res

48、ponsible to impart the academic knowledge to the young generation in case it is faded from our memory. In summary, from what has been discussed above, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that the theoretical courses are not as obsolete, profitless and unimportant as some people believed. Theoreti

49、cal knowledge, in my opinion, should be the top priority of college education. 【试题解析】 本文以对比句式作为首句，很好地吸引了读者的注意力。同时，在第一段的最后一句，作 者直截了当地亮出了自己的观点，开门见山。在正文部分，作者分别从三个方面进行论述，使用了 firstly， secondly， thirdly这些标志词，层次分明。首先，基础理论是其他知识的基础；其次，大学教育培养的是全面发展的人才；最后，大学是理论知识代代相传的地方。这三个分论点从不同的角度论证了作者的观点，环环相扣。在论述观点时，作者采用了举例、对比、说理、因果关系等论证手法，论证手段多样，内容展开充分，逻辑性强，让人信服。 【知识模块】 文化教育类