【考研类试卷】考博英语-试卷281及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-试卷 281及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：40，分数：80.00)1.Please do not be_by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying to attract attention.（分数：2.00）A.distractedB.disregardedC.irritatedD.intervened2.Grain production in the world is_, but still millions go hungry.（分数：2.00）

2、A.staggeringB.shrinkingC.soaringD.suspending3.As long as nations cannot themselves accumulate enough physical power to dominate all others, they must depend on_.（分数：2.00）A.alliesB.resourcesC.freedomD.education4.A recent survey shows that, while ninety-four percent of companies conducting management-

3、training programs open them to women, women are_ only seventy-four percent of those programs.（分数：2.00）A.protesting againstB.participating inC.displeased byD.allowed in5.Unfortunately, his damaging attacks on the ramifications of the economic policy have been_ by his wholehearted acceptance of that p

4、olicys underlying assumptions.（分数：2.00）A.supplementedB.underminedC.redeemedD.diverted6.Superficial differences between the special problems and techniques of the physical sciences and those of the biological sciences are sometimes cited as evidence for the _of biology and for the claim that the meth

5、ods of physics are therefore not adequate to biological inquiry.（分数：2.00）A.autonomyB.vitalityC.purposefulnessD.obsolescence7.To compensate for the substantial decline in the availability of fossil fuels in future years, we will have to provide at least_alternative energy source.（分数：2.00）A.an anticip

6、atedB.an officialC.an equivalentD.a redundant8.Some biologists argue that each specifically human trait must have arisen gradually and erratically, and that it is therefore difficult to isolate definite_in the evolution of species.（分数：2.00）A.fluctuationsB.manifestationsC.predispositionsD.milestones9

7、.In some cultures the essence of magic is its traditional integrity; it can be efficient only if it has been_without loss from primeval times to the present practitioner.（分数：2.00）A.aggrandizedB.realizedC.transmittedD.manipulated10.An analysis of the ideas in the novel compels an analysis of the form

8、 of the work, particularly when form and content are as_as they are in The House of the Seven Gables.（分数：2.00）A.symptomaticB.delineatedC.integratedD.conspicuous11.He will simply not listen to anybody; he is_to argument.（分数：2.00）A.imperviousB.imperceptibleC.impassableD.blunt12.Stop asking all these p

9、ersonal questions! It is bad manners to be_.（分数：2.00）A.inquisitiveB.impatientC.acquisitiveD.informative13.He_between life and death for a few days but then he pulled through.（分数：2.00）A.hoveredB.lurchedC.waveredD.fluctuated14.We are prepared to satisfy all your_claims.（分数：2.00）A.legitimateB.legibleC.

10、intimateD.legislative15.There is not a Greek word which is the exact_of the English word “stile“.（分数：2.00）A.equivalentB.copyC.counterpartD.meaning16.The prizes will be_at the end of the school year.（分数：2.00）A.distributedB.attributedC.grantedD.contributed17.During our stay in Paris we were splendidly

11、_by the Italian Ambassador.（分数：2.00）A.sustainedB.maintainedC.retainedD.entertained18.On leaving, we thanked him most warmly for the hospitality_to us and our friends.（分数：2.00）A.extendedB.expandedC.expendedD.awarded19.If the dispute is not settled in a(n)_way soon, the two countries will certainly go

12、 to war.（分数：2.00）A.amiableB.amicableC.inimicalD.unfriendly20.If I may be so_as to advise you, my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.（分数：2.00）A.generousB.humbleC.proudD.bold21.If you take a(n)_course like her you can learn English in less than two years.（分数：2.00）A.intensiveB.extensive

13、C.expansiveD.retentive22.After a years hard work I think I am_to a long holiday.（分数：2.00）A.entailedB.deservedC.entitledD.satisfied23.Thousands of people_from Greece every year to work in West Germany.（分数：2.00）A.emigrateB.leaveC.abandonD.immigrate24.He was a member of the Hillary_that conquered Mount

14、 Everest.（分数：2.00）A.missionB.invasionC.experimentD.expedition25.It was my sad duty to_the news of Johns death to his family.（分数：2.00）A.submitB.breakC.sayD.proclaim26.He_himself as a war correspondent in Vietnam.（分数：2.00）A.discernedB.distinguishedC.discriminatedD.extinguished27.She_his invitation to

15、dinner as she was on a diet.（分数：2.00）A.inclinedB.declinedC.deniedD.disinclined28.He was_with attempted robbery and held in custody.（分数：2.00）A.accusedB.prosecutedC.chargedD.arrested29.What the witness said in court was not_with the statement he made to the police.（分数：2.00）A.prevalentB.relevantC.consi

16、stentD.coincident30.Molly has always been a(n)_child; she becomes ill easily.（分数：2.00）A.delicateB.gloomyC.energeticD.confident31.There are some very beautifully_glass windows in the church.（分数：2.00）A.designedB.drawnC.markedD.stained32.The man who never tries anything new is a(n)_on the wheels of pro

17、gress.（分数：2.00）A.obstacleB.brakeC.breakD.block33.There is a sale at Hamfridges next week with_in all departments.（分数：2.00）A.decreasesB.subtractionsC.reductionsD.accounts34.Doctors have long known that if a patient is_that he will recover and is treated with sympathy, his pain will often disappear.（分

18、数：2.00）A.assumedB.assuredC.informedD.proved35.Although most birds have only a_sense of smell, they have acute vision.（分数：2.00）A.genuineB.negativeC.negligibleD.condensed36.We are sorry to say that Mary is not the very person who can be_with either money or secret information.（分数：2.00）A.entrustedB.com

19、mittedC.consignedD.assigned37.If you never review your lessons, you will only have yourself to_if you fail in your examination.（分数：2.00）A.complainB.blameC.mistakeD.fault38.We were four scores left behind with five minutes to go, so the game looked completely _.（分数：2.00）A.irresistibleB.irremissibleC.

20、irreplaceableD.irretrievable39.Had the explosion broken out, the passengers in the plane should have been killed, for it was_timed with the planes take-off.（分数：2.00）A.spontaneouslyB.instantaneouslyC.simultaneouslyD.conscientiously40.The two witnesses who saw the shootings were able to_who had fired

21、first.（分数：2.00）A.encounterB.highlightC.testifyD.identify二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of course, lies in air. How could air

22、be supplied to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2,900 years ago in Asia show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to their bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmers mouth. But little progress was achieved in the invention of diving devices until

23、 about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit. In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag with a glass window to be worn over the divers head. To “clean“ the air a breathing pipe went from the air bag, through another bag to remove moist

24、ure, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices. In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head covering by a machine operated above the water. Finally, in 1837, he invented

25、the “hard-hat suit“ which was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head and an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But there were two dangers to the diver inside the “hard-hat suit“. One was the sudden rise to

26、 the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was the crushing of the body, caused by a sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill the diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also result in death. Gradually the “hard-hat

27、suit“ was improved so that the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could then move around under the ocean without worrying about the air supply. During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a breathing device and a small covering

28、 made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmers speed another new invention was used: a piece of rubber shaped like a giant foot, which was attached to each of the divers own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it possible for divers to float on the surface

29、 of the water, observing the marine life underneath them. A special rubber suit enabled them to stay in cold water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life that had never been obtained in the past. The most important advance, however, was the invention of a self-contained

30、underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a “scuba“. Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, the scuba consists of a mouthpiece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to the divers back. The scuba makes it possible for a diver scientist to work 20

31、0 feet underwater or even deeper for several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at great depths, learning about the wonders of the sea.（分数：8.00）(1).The main progress mentioned in this passage was_ .（分数：2.00）A.an Italian professor invented a large air bagB.men invented the best

32、 diving devicesC.an Italian painter designed a complete diving suitD.an air bag(2).An invention of an Italian professor_.（分数：2.00）A.worked out very wellB.can “clean“ the airC.inspired later inventionsD.was used to remove moisture(3).Siebes invention was not a perfect one, because_.（分数：2.00）A.too gre

33、at a supply of air could result in a sudden rise to the surfaceB.a sudden dive into deep water could cause the crushing of the bodyC.the air pipe attached to a machine could be above the surfaceD.both A and B(4).The word “scuba“ is_.（分数：2.00）A.a certain divers nameB.an original English wordC.named b

34、y the inventorD.an acronymMarried people live “happily ever after“ in fairy tales, but they do so less and less often in real life. I, like many of my friends, got married, divorced, and remarried. I suppose, to some people, Im a failure. After all, I broke my first solemn promise to “love and cheri

35、sh until death do us part. “ But I feel that Im finally a success. I learned from the mistakes I made in my first marriage. This time around, the ways my husband and I share our free time, make decision, and deal with problems are very different. I learned, first of all, not to be a clinging vine(依赖

36、男子的妇女). In my first marriage, I felt the every moment we spent apart was wasted. If Ray wanted to go out to a bar with his friends to watch a football game, I felt rejected and talked him into staying home. I wouldnt accept an offer to go to a movie or join an exercise class if it meant that Ray wou

37、ld be home alone. I realize now that we were often angry with each other just because we spent too much time together. In contrast, my second husband and I spend some of our free time apart and try to have interests of our own. I have started playing racquet-ball at a health club, and David sometime

38、s takes off to go to the local auto races with his friends. When we are together, we arent bored with each other, our separate interests make us more interesting people. I learned not only to be apart sometimes but also to work together when its time to make decisions. When Ray and I were married, I

39、 left all the important decisions to him. He decided how we would spend money, whether we should sell the car or fix it, and where to take a vacation. I know now that I went along with this so that I wouldnt have to take the responsibility when things went wrong. I could always end an argument by sa

40、ying, “It was your fault!“ With my second marriage, I am trying to be a full partner. We ask each others opinions on major decisions and try to compromise if we disagree. If we make the wrong choice, were equally guilty. When we rented an apartment, for example, we both had to take the blame for not

41、 noticing the drafty windows and the “no pets“ clause in our lease. Maybe the most important thing Ive learned is to be a grown-up about facing problems. David and I have made a vow to face our troubles like adults. If were mad at each other or worried and upset, we say how we feel. Rather than hide

42、 behind our own misery, we talk about the problem until we discover how to fix it. Everybody argues or has to deal with the occasional crisis, but Ray and I always reacted like children to these stormy times. I would lock myself in the spare bedroom. Ray would stalk out of the house, slam the door,

43、and race off in the car. Then I would cry and worry till he returned. I wish that my first marriage hadnt been the place where I learned how to make a relationship work, but at least I did learn. I feel better now about being an independent person, about making decisions, and about facing problems.

44、My second marriage isnt perfect, but it doesnt have the deep flaws that made the first one fall apart.（分数：12.00）(1).Which of the following has contributed to the writers divorce?（分数：2.00）A.Her former husband went out to watch football games.B.She started to play racquetball at a health club.C.They s

45、pent too much time together and got bored with each other.D.They spent so little time together that they could not talk to each other.(2).It can be learned from the passage that the writer, in her first marriage, _.（分数：2.00）A.took less responsibility than she should for major decisionsB.took the sam

46、e responsibility as her husbandC.took more blame when things went wrongD.felt equally guilty when things went wrong(3).Which of the following should the author have said when she quarreled with her former husband but she did not?（分数：2.00）A.It was your fault!B.Maybe youre right.C.Its none of your bus

47、iness.D.Its none of my business.(4).All the problems between the writer and David can be resolved because_.（分数：2.00）A.they hide their feelingsB.they lock themselves in their bedroomC.they have promised not to be mad at each otherD.they dare to face them(5).The writers second marriage is different fr

48、om the first one in all the following ways except_.（分数：2.00）A.that they share their free timeB.that they make their decisions togetherC.that they talk to each otherD.that they deal with their troubles together(6).The best title for the passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.First MarriageB.Second MarriageC.DivorceD

49、.Perfect MarriageClassified Advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted“, “Real Estate“, “Lost and Found“ are made, the rate charged being less than that for display advertising. Classified advertisements are