山西省汾阳中学校2019届高三英语上学期入学调研考试试题.doc

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1、12019 届高三入学调研考试卷英 语 注 意 事 项 ：1 答 题 前 ， 先 将 自 己 的 姓 名 、 准 考 证 号 填 写 在 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 上 ， 并 将 准 考 证 号条 形 码 粘 贴 在 答 题 卡 上 的 指 定 位 置 。2 选 择 题 的 作 答 ： 每 小 题 选 出 答 案 后 ， 用 2B 铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目 的 答 案标 号 涂 黑 ， 写 在 试 题 卷 、 草 稿 纸 和 答 题 卡 上 的 非 答 题 区 域 均 无 效 。3 非 选 择 题 的 作 答 ： 用 签 字 笔 直 接 答 在 答 题 卡 上 对 应 的

2、答 题 区 域 内 。 写 在 试 题 卷 、草 稿 纸 和 答 题 卡 上 的 非 答 题 区 域 均 无 效 。4 考 试 结 束 后 ， 请 将 本 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 上 交 。第 卷第 一 部 分 听 力 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 30 分 ） (略 ) 第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 ）第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ： 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 列 短 文 ， 从 每 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 （ A、 B、 C 和 D） 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项 ， 并 在答 题 卡 上 将 该 项

3、 涂 黑 。ABig Messaging Apps AbroadWhile WeChat is Chinas biggest mobile messaging app, there are many similar apps in other countries that offer similar features.WhatsApp (US)Users: more than 300 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerryFeatures: Text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing,

4、location sharingWith more than 300 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChats biggest competitors.Developed by two ex-Yahoo employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but on Aug. 6 it also started push - to - talk service. Its noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the

5、absence of advertisements. The 2service is free for the first year, after which $ 0.99 (6. 06 yuan) is charged for a one year subscription.Kakao Talk (South Korea)Users: more than 100 millionPlatform: Android, iOS, windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operate system developed by Samsung)Features:

6、Text chat, group chat, pushtotalk, group calls, file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, Kakao Talk is a multi - platform (多平台 ) texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for tree. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on-one or in

7、 group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from more than 250 animated emoticons and share them with friends.Line (Japan)Users: more than 200 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PCFeatures: Text chat, group chat, pushtotalk, file sharing, location s

8、haring, gaming, stickersLine tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2013 alone, it made $ 17 million just from st

9、ickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the Line games.21. The first paragraph of the passage is used to_.A. introduce the most popular mobile messaging apps in ChinaB. talk about new features in the latest mobile messaging appsC. draw readers attention to various popular

10、 mobile messaging appsD. explain how mobile messaging apps have become so popular22. Compared with the other two apps, which of the following features makes Line stand out?A. Group mobile games.3B. Free stickers and emoticons.C. Free download of the app.D. Text and group chat.23. One of the popular

11、features of WhatsApp is that users_.A. can send and receive messages for freeB. can enjoy live video chats within groupsC. regularly set free stickers and emoticonsD. dont need to worry about unwanted ads【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了国外几个较大的移动交流应用软件。21. 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，第一段在文章中起导入作

12、用，以引起读者对各种移动交流应用软件的关注，故选 C 项。22. 细节理解题。根据文章对三个不同移动交流应用软件特色的介绍可知，日本的 Line有 gaming 和 stickers 这两个特别的功能，结合选项可知，故选 A 项。23.细节理解题。根据 WhatsApp (US)部分的 Its noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements.可知，WhatsApp 受人欢迎的特点就是没有广告。故选 D。BHeres a simple challenge: name a famous inven

13、tor. Perhaps Leonardo da Vinci springs to mind. Or the pioneer of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell. But you might be hard-pressed to name many female inventors, even though women are behind some of the most widely used technologies in the modern world.For example, where would we be without the w

14、indscreen wiper? Back on a freezing winters day in 1902, Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York city. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered. She had a brainwave: why not make something that could be ope

15、rated from inside the vehicle? And thats exactly what she did.4Lets step in from freezing New York for our next invention. The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th Century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that c

16、ould wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher.Need something to do while the dishwasher is on? How about a round of Monopoly（强手棋游戏）? One of the most popular board games around, the rules were first drawn up by a lady

17、called Elizabeth Magie, and patented in 1904.To an altogether different kind of innovation: Kevlar is the lightweight fibre used in bulletproof（防弹）vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives and is strength-lo-weight ratio is five times higher than steel.Finally,

18、one of the most important inventions of the 20th Century must surely be the computer programme. The world of programming is unbalanced among men and women, with men taking home around 30% more pay than their female partners on average. But back in the 1940s and 50s, women were at the forefront of th

19、is new field and Grace Hopper was one of them.24. What do we know about the inventions mentioned in the text?A. They were mostly made in the 20th century.B. They all used high technology.C. Their inventors came from families of good education.D. They were all made by accident.25. Why did Mary Anders

20、on invent windscreen wiper?A. The winter was extremely cold there.B. She was forced to clear the snow by others.C. The car she drove made her suffer a great deal.D. She was sick of the driver getting out to clear the window.26. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the text?A. Jose

21、phine Cochrane wanted a machine that operated automatically.B. The game invented by Magie was popular merely among teenagers.5C. Kevlar is the super tough fibre and stronger than steel.D. Grace Hopper was good at computer programming.27. What is the best title of this passage?A. Women can be Great I

22、nventorsB. The Most Useful Inventions by WomenC. The Most Widely Used TechnologiesD. Women Made Greater Contributions than Men【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。计算机程序设计应该是个男性工作的领域，仅从目前的从业人数来看，男性程序员的人数超过女性从业人数，但曾经一度不是这样的。本文就为读者介绍了一些由女性发明的日用品。24. 细节理解题。由第二段的“Back on a freezing winters day in 1902”

23、和第四段的“The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th Century”；第五段的“ One of the most popular board games around, the rules were first drawn up by a lady called Elizabeth Magie, and patented in 1904.以及最后一段的“Finally, one of the most important inventions of the 20th Century must surely be the comput

24、er programme.”可知，文章中提到的发明大部分是 20 世纪发明的。故选 A。25. 细节理解题。由第二段的“Each time the door opened, Mary suffered. She had a brainwave: why not make something that could be operated from inside the vehicle? And thats exactly what she did.”可知，每次司机开门下去擦玻璃， Mary Anderson 都挺受苦，这导致她产生了一个想法：为什么不制造一些可以在车内操作的东西呢？于是她发明了雨

25、刷。故选 D。26. 细节理解题。由第四段的“One of the most popular board games around, the rules were first drawn up by a lady called Elizabeth Magie, and patented in 1904.”可知，最受欢迎的棋盘游戏之一 ，最初是由一位名叫 Elizabeth Magie 的女士起草的，并于 1904 年获得专利，但并没有说仅受青少年的欢迎。因此推断 B 项 Magie 发明的游戏仅受青少年欢迎是错误的。故选 B。27. 标题判断题。纵观全文可知，第一段是主题段，由“But you

26、 might be hard-pressed to name many female inventors, even though women are behind some of the most 6widely used technologies in the modern world.”并结合下文的举例可推断，文章主要讲述了一些由女性发明的日用品。因此推断 A 项“女性可以成为伟大的发明家 ”为最佳标题。故选 A。CGrown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as child

27、ren but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thou

28、ght about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learn

29、ing trials will help strengthen the related knowledge and skills.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star”

30、and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are also an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The la

31、w of overlearning explains why cramming for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learne

32、d. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for ones future development.28. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 1?7A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.D. Stories for chil

33、dren are easy to remember.29. The author explains the law of overlearning by _.A. presenting research findings B. analysing statisticsC. making a comparison D. using examples30. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is _.A. a result of overlearningB. a special case of cram

34、mingC. a skill to deal with math problemsD. a basic step towards advanced studies31. What does the underlined word “cramming” in the last paragraph refer to?A. A way which leads to failure in college exams.B. A study method only helpful in a limited way.C. A way that will result in good memory.D. An

35、 approach to increasing students learning interest.【答案】28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B【解析】28. 段落大意题。第一段主要讲述大人们在儿时学会的东西，即使多年不复习还是可以记得很清楚。故选 A，人们在儿时学习的知识记得很好。29. 推理判断题。作者在解释超量学习法则的时候，运用了乘法口诀和考试前突击学习的例子。故选 D，举例。30. 细节理解题。根据 because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.“因为这是我们儿时超量学习的另一个结果。 ”

36、故选 A，超量学习的而结果。31. 词义猜测题。最后一段解释考试之前的突击学习。By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.“通过突击学习，学生可以通过考试，但是很快就会忘记所学。 ”可知，这种方式仅适用于考前，突击学习在限定的方式下有用。由此推知划线词的意思是“一种只在有限的范围内有用的学习方法” 。故选 B。8DDriverless cars

37、 are the best-known example of how artificial intelligence is influencing daily life in China, according to a new report on social attitudes toward AI technology that was released at Fudan University on May 17.Based on the responses of 625 questionnaires made by Fudan Universitys National Center for

38、 Cultural Innovation Research and the communication and data science laboratory, the report states that nearly 90 percent of the respondents are familiar with driverless cars, with over 67, percent having access to both positive and negative information on cars. About 62 percent of the respondents s

39、aid they were willing to ride in driverless cars. Meanwhile, around 47 percent were supportive of unmanned vehicle road tests in the country. However, more than 30 percent of the respondents expressed their concerns about the safety of driverless cars.If personal injuries or property loss are suffer

40、ed in the event of an accident, 80.5 percent of the respondents said that the designers of the AI products should bear legal responsibility while 55.5 percent said that vehicle users should also shoulder the blame.Smart cars with partial or fully autonomous functions are expected to account for 50 p

41、ercent of new vehicles sold in China by 2020.According to the blueprint released by the National Development and Reform Commission in January, the country is aiming to become a global power in smart-car development and production by 2035.“One cannot ignore the risks and ethics issues brought up by a

42、rtificial intelligence technology,” said Sun Shaojing, director of the Communication and Data Science Laboratory of the National Center for Cultural Innovation Research at Fudan University, “Policies should be strengthened to ensure a balanced development of ethics and science, especially for some f

43、ast-growing applications like driverless cars.”32. What do we know about the responses of 625 questionnaires?A. More than half of the people surveyed were willing to ride in driverless 9cars.B. Nearly 90% knew both positive and negative information on cars.C. Unmanned vehicle road tests were hardly

44、supported in the country.D. Few people were concerned about the safety of driverless cars.33. Who should take responsibility if an accident happened to a driverless car?A. The designers of the AI products.B. Both AI products designers and vehicle users.C. Policy makers who regulate the use of driver

45、less cars.D. It hasnt been decided yet.34. What does the underlined word “autonomous” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. high-tech B. advanced C. self-directed D. useful35. What do Sun Shaojings words suggest in the last paragraph?A. We should mainly focus on the benefit that driverless cars bring to u

46、s.B. Effective policies and rules are needed with appliances fast growing.C. Risks and ethics issues brought up by AI cannot be avoided.D. Driverless cars play a significant role in AI technology.【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。复旦大学发布了的一份关于人们对于人工智能的态度的新报告，根据这份问卷，大部分人对与无人驾驶汽车持支持的态度，中国的目标是到 203

47、5 年成为智能汽车开发和生产的全球强国。32. 细节理解题。由第二段的“About 62 percent of the respondents said they were willing to ride in driverless cars. ”可知，一般以上的人受访者表示，他们愿意乘坐无人驾驶汽车。故选 A。33. 细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知，无人驾驶汽车如果发生事故造成人身伤害或财产损失，80.5%的受访者认为人工智能产品的设计者应承担法律责任，55.5%的受访者认为汽车使用者也应承担责任。 因此推断还没有决定谁为无人驾驶汽车造成的事故负责。故选D。34. 词句猜测题。由下文“.th

48、e country is aiming to become a global power in smart-car development and production by 2035 ”可知，到 2035 年，中国的目标是到102035 年成为智能汽车发展和生产的全球强国。因此可知，上文提到的是智能汽车，即无人驾驶汽车，按照常理推断无人驾驶汽车应是部分或者完全自动的。Autonomous 指“自动的”，故选 C。35. 推理判断题。由最后一段的孙绍静的话“One cannot ignore the risks and ethics issues brought up by artificia

49、l intelligence technology,”和“Policies should be strengthened to ensure a balanced development of ethics and science, especially for some fast-growing applications like driverless cars.”可知，孙认为人们不能忽视人工智能技术带来的风险和伦理问题，政策应该得到加强，以确保道德和科学的平衡发展，特别是一些如无人驾驶汽车的这样快速增长的应用。因此推断他认为随着应用的快速增长，需要有效的政策和规则。故选 B。第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ， 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 10 分 ） 根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 ， 选 项 中 有 两 项为 多 余 选 项 。 Many of us deal with the rush every morning in preparation for work or school, but it d