2019高考英语一轮选练习题Unit1Alandofdiversity（含解析）新人教版选修8.doc

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1、1选修 8Unit 1李仕才考点规范练(选修 8 Unit 1)【短文语法填空】The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_1_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _2_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3_(able) to “air condition”

2、a house without _4_(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _5_(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6_ (cool) the house during the hot day：

3、_7_ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle _8_ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As_9_(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_10_thick the adobe

4、walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【语篇导读】 相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。1. built 考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语 dwellings与动词 build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由 by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。2. the 考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。3. ability 考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词 their之后应当用名词，故将able转化

5、为其名词形式。4. using 考查介词的用法。介词 without之后的动词要用动名词形式。5. slowly 考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词 give out，因此要用副词形式。6. to cool 考查固定句式的用法。 “形容词enough动词不定式”为一常用句式。7. at 考查固定短语的用法。at the same time 意为“同时” ，是一个常用介词短语。28. goes 考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。9. natural 考查形容词的用法。修饰名词 a

6、rchitects，故要用形容词形式。10. how 考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词 thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。.阅读理解AIn the fifteenth century Italy had no single ruler.Instead it was a collection of independent states,known as “city states” because each one was run by a central city such as Florence.Some

7、were small;some were large.Most states had their own government,laws and money.During the Middle Ages,five city states became very rich and powerful.For example,Venice became rich from its trade with the Far East,the Mediterranean and the rest of Europe.Banks in Florence lent money to businesses and

8、 governments all over Europe.There was great competition between the city stateswhich led to regular warsand between the families which ruled them.The city states also competed with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings.Lets look in detail at one cityFlorence.In 1400 Florence was one

9、 of the largest cities in Italy.It was the centre of a rich trade in wool and cloth.One-third of the workers in Florence worked in the wool trade.The most powerful family in Florence was the Medici family,who had made their money through banking.The most famous member of the family was Lorenzo de Me

10、dici who ruled the city between 1469 and 1492.The other powerful people who had influence in Florence were the members of the guilds (行业协会).Craftsmen such as carpenters each had their own guild.If you were a member of a guild and over 25 years old then you could be involved in governing the city.The

11、 rulers of Florence wanted their city to be impressive and famous.The Medici collected books and built a huge library to house them.They spent money 3on renovating (修复) old buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it.Some of the b

12、est and most famous artists were brought to work in Florence.1.What do we know about the city states?A.They ruled themselves.B.They were made up of five cities.C.They didnt trade with each other.D.They disappeared during the Middle Ages.2.The relationship between the city states can be described as

13、. A.strong B.inflexibleC.unfriendly D.cooperative3.According to the text,the Medici family . A.created their own guildB.contributed a lot to FlorenceC.was the single ruler of FlorenceD.became rich through doing woodwork4.Why did some artists go to Florence?A.Because there was great demand for art in

14、 Florence.B.Because there were many famous artists in Florence.C.Because Florence was well-known for its art trade.D.Because other cities had no interest in art.B(2016广东五校协作体第一次联考)Welcome to Adventureland!Everyone loves Adventureland!The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore,enjoy,and

15、admire their wonders.Every visit will be an unforgettable experience.You will go away enriched,longing to come back.What are you going to do this time?The Travel Pavilion4Explore places you have never been to before,and experience different ways of life.Visit the Amazon jungle village,the Turkish ma

16、rket,the Tai floating market,the Berber mountain house and others.Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives,and things they make.You can try making a carpet,making nets,fishing.The Future TowerThis exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives.It allows us to look into the fu

17、ture and explore the cities of the next century and the way well be living then.Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模拟装置)for the journey to Mars!The Nature ParkThis is not really one park but several.In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our R

18、ange Cruisers:see lions,giraffes,elephants in the wild.Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales.And then there is still the Aviary to see.The PyramidThis is the center of Adventureland.Run out of films,need some postcards and stamps?For all these things and many more,visit our unde

19、rground shopping center.Come here for information and ideas too.5.The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors . A.realize the importance of travelingB.become familiar with mountain countriesC.learn something about different places in the worldD.learn how to make things such as fishing nets6.If you

20、 are interested in knowing about what peoples life in the future will be like,you may visit . A.the Travel PavilionB.the Future TowerC.the Safari ParkD.the Pyramid57.If you want to get a toy lion to take home,where will you most likely go?A.The Travel Pavilion. B.The Nature Park.C.The Future Tower.

21、D.The Pyramid.【巩固】The American Family Immigration History Center is an exciting new interactive area at the Ellis Island Immigration Museum where more than 100 million Americans may search for their familys beginnings in the New World. Now, for the first time, the passengers records of the ships tha

22、t landed some 22 million immigrants, crewmembers and other passengers at the Port of New York and Ellis Island from 1892 to 1924 have been computerized, making it easier than ever to discover your own family history.Five years in the making, the center was developed and funded by the Statue of the L

23、ibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc., which was responsible for the restoration and preservation of the Statue of the Liberty and Ellis Island, and the creation of the Immigration Museum.For visitors to the Museum, the excitement begins at a welcoming kiosk where you can enter ancestors names and see

24、 if their arrival records are included in the database and are available in the History Center in the Museums West Wing. Once inside the Center itself, in the very place where your ancestors (grand-grandparents) may have ended their long journey, you and your family can log on the one of 41 computer

25、s, type in name, and, within seconds, set in motion your own special journey of discovery.Imagine the excitement youll share with your family as you use the latest technology to sort through a vast computerized archive (档案馆) with millions of records, and see your familys own personal story in Americ

26、a come to life before your eyes.Millions of hours were spent creating this vast database and, if you find your ancestors names, youll discover answers to questions youve always wondered about. What ship did my family members take? When did they arrive? How 6old were they? Were they married? Then, ta

27、ke these valuable records and create your own Family History Scrapbook, preserving forever the story of the past while keeping the legacy of your family alive.1.Why is it easier for visitors to find their family histories in the History Center?A. More clerks are employed there.B. All of its document

28、s are computerized.C. Facilities of the museum are restored.D. Workers are more creative than before.2.Who sponsors the restoration of the American Family Immigration History Center?A. Families whose family histories are kept here.B. National Park Service in the United States.C. Local government and

29、 visitors to the Museum.D. The Statue of LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc.3.The word “kiosk” in the passage is most probably_.A. a museum assistant B.an advertisementC. a selfservice device D. a receptionist4.In which part of a newspaper would this passage most probably be found?A. Science. B. En

30、tertainment.C. Life. D. Travel.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国家庭移民历史中心，数以亿计的美国人可以在这里找到他们的家庭。1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“have been computerized, making it easier than ever to discover your own family history.”可知，参观者容易找到家庭历史是因为所有的档案都是电脑化的。3.C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“where you can enter ancestors names and 7see if their arrival r

31、ecords are included in the database and are available in the History Center in the Museums West Wing.”可知，画线词指的是一种供参观者查看数据库中家庭历史信息的自助服务设备。4.D 【解析】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了美国家庭移民历史中心，数以亿计的美国人可以在这里找到他们的家庭，是关于移民话题的，因此最有可能出现在报纸的旅行版面中。.七选五阅读How to Love Your MondaysI used to spend the second half of Sunday dreading Mo

32、nday morning. 1 But now I am definitely in the “I Love Mondays” camp.Heres what Ive found that works: Start Monday morning with your Sunday night routine.When you get ready to exercise,you warm up first. 2 Get everything you need for the morning ready to go.Then consider a special “Sunday Night Only

33、” winding down ritual (固定方式).It might be tea and a favorite TV show,or a long hot bath.Whatever it is,enjoy this Monday morning warm-up,and consider turning in a little earlier than youre used to. 3 Turning in a little early Sunday night can help with getting up a little early Monday morning.When yo

34、u have a little extra time in the morning,you can gently settle into the day and keep that weekend feeling of ease as you start your new week. Find a theme for the week.Every Monday,I post an inspiring quote or saying on the wall.These are intentional!Each week,as part of my Sunday night winding dow

35、n time,I consider what Id like to focus on in the coming week,and look for a quote thats a good fit to reinforce (加强) it. 4 Look at the weeks tasks as opportunities instead of problems.What are you excited about for the new week? 5 Whats been hanging over your head undone from last week?Take a look

36、at the week ahead and highlight a few things that you can reasonably accomplish. When you are intentionally creating a life you love,Mondays begin to feel like a beautiful new start!8A.Get up early enough to start slowly.B.What a waste of a perfectly good evening!C.What problem-solving opportunities

37、 do you have?D.Consider Sunday nights your warm-up for Monday.E.Have them in clean,working order and a convenient location.F.It can be a word or whatever inspires you for the week ahead.G.The work is the same either way,but our attitudes are within our control.书面表达(2016石家庄一模)假定你是李华,计划本周末和同学一起去河边植树。请

38、给外教 Nancy写一封邮件,邀请她一同前往。内容包括:1.集合时间及地点;2.活动安排及提醒;3.午餐及返程时间。注意:1.词数 100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Dear Nancy,Yours,Li Hua考点规范练(选修 8 Unit 1).【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章以佛罗伦萨为例介绍了 15世纪时意大利的城邦。91.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 independent states及“Most states had their own government,laws and money.”可知,各个城邦相互独立、各自为政。2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 gre

39、at competition,regular wars及“The city states also competed with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings.”可以看出,各个城邦互相敌视、充满竞争。3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容不难看出,美第奇家族修建图书馆、大兴土木,对佛罗伦萨的发展做出了巨大的贡献。4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They spent money on renovating old buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splen

40、did palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it.”可推测,因为美第奇家族大兴土木,所以需要大量艺术家对建筑物进行装饰。【解题导语】本文是一篇旅游指南,主要介绍了 Adventureland的几处景点。5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Explore places you have never been to before,and experience different ways of life.”可知,The Travel Pavilion建立的目的是帮助参观者了解世界上不同的地方。故选 C项。6.B 细节理解题。

41、根据第三段中的“This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives.It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way well be living then.”可知,如果你想了解未来人们的生活,可以参观未来塔,故选 B项。7.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“.need some postcards and stamps?For all these things and many more,visit

42、our underground shopping center.”可知,想得到一个玩具狮子,你可能要到 The Pyramid,那里有地下购物中心,故选 D项。.【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章给出了四点建议帮助读者爱上周一。1.B B 项与上文的“I used to spend the second half of Sunday dreading Monday morning.”相呼应。2.D D 项与上文的“When you get ready to exercise,you warm up first.”相呼应,且下文的“Get everything you need for the mo

43、rning ready to go.a long hot bath.”是对 D项的具体说明。3.A A 项与下文的“can help with getting up a little early Monday morning”及“.gently settle into the day and keep that weekend feeling of ease as you 10start your new week.”相呼应。4.F F 项是对上文的 an inspiring quote or saying的举例说明。5.C C 项与本段小标题“Look at the weeks tasks

44、as opportunities instead of problems.”相呼应,且与空前和空后的句子是并列关系,举例说明如何积极看待未来一周的工作任务。.Dear Nancy, My classmates and I are planning to plant trees by the river this weekend.We all hope you can join us.Here is the schedule.We are to meet at the school gate at 8 oclock this Saturday morning.Since well cycle t

45、here and work in the fields,youd better wear casual clothes and comfortable shoes.It would be so much better if you could bring some necessary tools.Besides,well have a picnic after the work is done.Everyone is expected to bring their lunch and share it.We may return at around 3 oclock in the afternoon.Would you like to join us?Hope to see you then.Yours,Li Hua