北京市2019中考英语二轮复习五选五阅读表达4.doc

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1、12019 中考英语北京专题复习精选：五选五+阅读表达专题 任务型阅读朝阳二模五选五1. 掌握本篇五选五中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握五选五的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇五选五中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过五选五高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及五选五解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种五选五习题。知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于五选五高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗？高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译

2、的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。 ）掌握情况单词/短语 词性 词义 拓展优 良 差be able to 能够sit up 坐起来教 学目标名 师点拨2without prep. 没有talk about 讨论，谈论outside adv. 在外面 opp. inside 在里面freely adv. 自由地，随意地surprise n. 惊喜，惊奇wonderful adj. 极好的，精彩的answer v. 回答blind adj. 失明的长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。 ）1. And every af

3、ternoon when Mr. Longman could sit up in his bed, he would talk about all the things that he could see outside the window.（优 良 差 ）_句意：每天下午当 Mr. Longman 能够在他的床上坐起来的时候，他会谈论他能够在窗外看到的所有东西。本句是一个由 when 引导的时间状语从句，翻译时要注意主从句关系。2. Mr. Martin asked the nurse what made Mr. Longman able to see so many wonderful

4、things outside.（优 良 差 ）_句意：Mr. Martin 问护士是什么使 Mr. Longman 能够看到外面的如此多的美妙的东西。本句是一个由 what 引导的宾语从句，作 ask 的直接宾语。方法篇“方法得当, 事半功倍。 ”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于五选五解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解五选五的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了五选五的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少？3一、五选五解题步骤第一步读选项，画关键词，暗排序通读选项，了解每个选项的意思，做到心中有数，至少能知道可供

5、选择的意思范围，以便在短时间内找出正确答案。第二步读文章，抓过渡词，找逻辑通读文章，关注段中各句子之间的逻辑关系，抓住表示并列、转折、因果关系及其他关系的过渡词，为下一步解题做准备。第三步先易后难来解题 先填较容易的空，例如文章的段首句、段尾句或与选项有明显逻辑关系的句子；再填较难的空，这时选择范围会变小，可以反复对比分析，进行选择。第四步回读文章定答案 全部题目做完后，把所选择的选项代入原文，检查文章前后是否连贯，所选选项是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合，再次确定答案。二、五选五解题技巧在五选五题型中，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。正确选项与空格前后句子关系紧密，主要依赖句子之间的逻辑关系

6、进行选择。接下来将从并列逻辑、转折逻辑、指代逻辑、因果逻辑和总分逻辑五方面进行说明。题型 题型一：并列逻辑解题技巧如果空格所在段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。典题精析例题：Make good word choices. When were not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and dont take the

7、 time to decide if theyre proper. 2 .解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格出现在第二段的段末，是用来对第二段的黑体小标题进行解释的，浏览选项可知 E 选项中的关键词 good word choices 与小标题一致，故选 E，意为“好的词汇选择对好的作品是重要的” 。答案：E “Good word choices are necessary for good writing.”题型 题型二：转折逻辑解题技巧1. 空格前后意思相反或矛盾，找含转折含义的选项；2. 选项含转折逻辑，另一种常见的考查方式是空格后对该选项进行详细阐述、说4明和例证。典题精析例题： 5 .

8、 But with a few simple steps, we can improve our writing skills and learn how to write better articles.解析：本题考察的是转折逻辑。根据空格后转折连词 but 可以判定空格前后意思相反，空格后句意为“但是有了简单的几步，我们能够提高我们的写作技巧。 ”，所以空格处应与其意思相反，故选 D，意为“成为一个更好的作家不容易” 。答案：D “It is not easy to become a better writer.”题型 题型三：指代逻辑解题技巧1. 如果选项中含有代词，则判断哪个空格前的句

9、中所含有的名词代入后使上下文连贯；2. 如果空格后句中有代词，则判断哪个选项所含名词代入后上下文连贯。典题精析例题：Every year in April, the London marathon（马拉松）takes place. The race covers a fantastic route(线路) in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben._3_.解析：本题考察的是指代逻辑。根据空格所在段第一句 Every year in April, the London marat

10、hon（马拉松）takes place.“伦敦马拉松在每年四月举行” ，可知本段讲述的重点为伦敦马拉松，浏览选项可知 B 项 People come from all over the world to run in it.中的 it 代替的是 London marathon，故可推断出正确答案。答案：B “People come from all over the world to run in it.”题型 题型四：因果逻辑解题技巧如果选项含有因果逻辑词，则判断哪个空格前后句与之符合因果逻辑关系；典题精析例题：Mr. Longman and Mr. Martin were both bad

11、ly ill 1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon.解析：本题考察的是因果逻辑。根据空格前句子可知“Mr. Longman 和 Mr. Martin 都病的很严重” ，这是事件的原因，那么空格处应该填的是事件的结果，浏览选项可知应填 C，意为“他们住在相同的病房里” ，即可推断出正确答案。答案：C “They were in the same hospital room”.题型 题型五：总分逻辑5解题技巧1. 如果选项的表达类似于“There are mainly three types

12、 of ”则该选项一般位于文章较前面的位置，用于引出后文对这几种类型的详细阐述；2. 如果空格位于某段段首，则一般是本段的主旨句；如果空格位于某段段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。典题精析例题：Many of us dont spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life. 1 . 解

13、析：本题考察的是总分逻辑。浏览全文可以发现本文是一篇“总-分”类型的文章，主要介绍的是一些关于写作的小窍门，而第二段起的一些黑体字则是 tips 的具体内容，所以第一段空格处应填的是一句总述句，故选 B，意为“下面的小窍门可能会有帮助” 。答案：B “The following tips can be helpful.”浏览选项（抓住选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号 选项A Finally he went back homeB When Mr. Longman told him all thisC They were in the same hospital roomD They

14、talked about their families and jobsE However, when he looked out of the window通读文章话题 体裁 字数 建议用时 实际用时 正确率 星级日常生活类 记叙文 252 5-7 分钟 _/5 A Colorful WorldMr. Longman and Mr. Martin were both badly ill 1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon. His bed was next to the only w

15、indow of the room. Mr. Martin had to spend all 语 篇精讲6his time lying on his back. So they talked for hours without stopping. 2 .And every afternoon when Mr. Longman could sit up in his bed, he would talk about all the things that he could see outside the window.Mr. Martin believed that his world was

16、made “larger” by the “colorful” outside world. Out of the window it was a park with a lovely lake. Mr. Longman told Mr. Martin about the beautiful ducks swimming freely on the water, happy children playing around, colorful flowers and big old trees around the lake. 3 , Mr. Martin closed his eyes and

17、 tried to make the richest pictures for himself in his mind.Days and weeks passed. Mr. Longman got better. 4 . Then Mr. Martin asked the nurse if he could move to the other bed. Happily for him, the nurse said he could. When everything was done，he tried hard to raise himself a bit to see what was ou

18、tside. 5 , to his surprise, he saw nothing but a wall.Mr. Martin asked the nurse what made Mr. Longman able to see so many wonderful things outside. The nurse answered that the man was blind and could not even see the wall.A. Finally he went back homeB. When Mr. Longman told him all thisC. They were

19、 in the same hospital roomD. They talked about their families and jobsE. However, when he looked out of the window逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇日常生活类的记叙文，通过讲述 Mr. Longman 和 Mr. Martin之间在医院发生的故事，表达了人应该有乐观向上的生活态度的人生道理。1. 解析：本题考察的是因果逻辑。空格前句意为“Mr. Longman 和 Mr. Martin 都病的很严重” ，那么空格处应该是病的很严重的后果是什么？浏览选项可知应选 C，意为“他们在同一间

20、病房里” 。答案：C2. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格前句意为“所以他们不停不休的谈论了几个小时” ，7那么空格处应填他们谈论的具体内容是什么？浏览选项可知应选 D，意为“他们谈论他们的家庭和工作” 。答案：D3. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格前写的是 Mr. Longman 告诉 Mr. Martin 一些关于窗外的美好事物，空格后写的是 Mr. Martin 闭上眼睛想象这些美好的事情，那么空格处应填能够连接这两个动作的句子，浏览选项可知应选 B，意为“当 Mr. Longman 告诉他所有这些事情的时候” 。答案：B4. 解析：本题考察的是因果逻辑。空格前句意为“随着时间一天天，

21、一周周的过去，Mr. Longman 的身体一点点好转了” ，那么空格后应该填身体好转会带来什么样的结果呢？浏览选项可知应选 A，意为“最后，他回家了” 。答案：A5. 解析：本题考察的是转折逻辑。空格前句意为“他尝试往窗外看” ，空格后句意为“使他惊讶的是，除了一堵墙，他什么都没看见” ，前后为转折关系，浏览选项可知应选 E，意为“然而，当他向窗外看得时候” 。答案：E精讲笔记（学生在教师的指导下, 回顾本讲中积累的五选五的知识和方法）语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累 10 个）单词 词性及词义 单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）8语篇中的学到的方法（至少掌握 2 种）并列逻辑 2、3转折逻辑

22、5指代逻辑因果逻辑 1、4总分逻辑基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语 词性 词义be able tosit upprep. 没有talk aboutadv. 在外面adv. 自由地，随意地surprise n.wonderful adj.v. 回答adj. 失明的二、句子英汉互译1. 我今天没能看见风景，因为我不能坐起来往窗外看。_.2. 我们该讨论些什么呢？_.3. And every afternoon when Mr. Longman could sit up in his bed, he would talk 能 力提升9about all the things that he

23、could see outside the window._.4. Mr. Martin asked the nurse what made Mr. Longman able to see so many wonderful things outside._.5. I was able to finish 100 M in 12 seconds. _.阅读练习话题 体裁 字数 建议用时 实际用时 正确率 星级人生百味类 记叙文 198 5-7 分钟 _/5 Mike and John are good friends. Both of them like traveling very much

24、.One day, when they were traveling through a desert, they quarreled (吵架) with each other. Mike was very angry and hit John in the face. John was hurt, 1 , he wrote in the sand, “Today my best friend hit me in the face.”Then they went on walking and found an oasis (绿洲). It was very hot, 2 . John was

25、not good at swimming and he started drowning (溺水) after a few minutes. 3 . When John got up, he wrote on a stone, “Today my best friend saved my life.”Mike felt a little surprised and asked, “Why, after I hurt you, you wrote some words in the sand, and now you wrote on a stone?” John smiled and said

26、, “When a friend hurts us, we should write it down in the sand. 4 . However, when something great happens, we should write it in the stone of our memory and remember it forever.” 5 . He learned what true friendship was. Lets learn to write in the sand and on the stone.10A. Mike was very movedB. but

27、without anything to sayC. so they wanted to have a swimD. And the wind can blow it away easily E. Mike swam to him quickly and saved him参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语 词性 词义be able to 能够sit up 坐起来without prep. 没有talk about 讨论，谈论outside adv. 在外面freely adv. 自由地，随意地surprise n. 惊喜，惊奇wonderful adj. 极好的，精彩的answe

28、r v. 回答blind adj. 失明的二、句子英汉互译。1. I see nothing today, I cant sit up to look out of the window. 2. What should we talk about?3. 每天下午当 Mr. Longman 能够在他的床上坐起来的时候，他会谈论他能够在窗外看到的所有东西。4. Mr. Martin 问护士是什么使 Mr. Longman 能够看到外面的如此多的美妙的东西。5. 我以前能够在 12 秒内跑完 100 米。阅读练习1. B 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. A11第 9 讲（下）朝阳二模阅读表达1.

29、 掌握本篇阅读表达中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握阅读表达的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇阅读表达中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过阅读表达高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及阅读表达解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种阅读表达习题。知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读表达高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗？高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。 ）掌握情况单词/短语 词性 词

30、义 拓展优 良 差including prep. 包含，包括nearly adv. 几乎，差教 学目标名 师点拨12不多convenient adj. 方便的 n. conveniencehandle n. 把手，柄connect v. 连接press v. 压，按button n. 按钮，纽扣advantage n. 优势 opp. disadvantageancient adj. 古老的enrich v. 充实，提高长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。 ）1. A selfie stick makes it easy

31、 to fit all your friends in one shot.（优 良差 ）_句意：自拍杆使你所有的朋友出现在一个镜头里变得很容易。本句中 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是 to fit all your friends in one shot。2. The selfie stick is easy to hold, which means you can get some fun and creative angles-to enrich your selfies or to take interesting photos of friends.（优 良 差 ）_句意：拥有自拍杆很

32、容易，那意味着你能够得到一些乐趣和有创造性的角度-提高你的自拍质量和给朋友拍出有趣的照片。本句中包含着一个由 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句。方法篇“方法得当, 事半功倍。 ”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读表达解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读表达的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的13基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了阅读表达的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少？一、阅读表达解题步骤第一步认真审题，读懂题意 做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性的去

33、读，并能提高阅读效率。第二步快速浏览，掌握大意 明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调，作者的意图、态度倾向。第三步细读题目，完成任务 泛读全文之后，就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应，“跳读”的目的就是为细节寻找答案。第四步复读文章，核实任务 完成所有任务后，还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，要注意句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓一致等。二、阅读表达解题技巧在阅读表达题型中，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，去完成一项任务或解决一个问题，主要考察学生捕捉信息的能力，综合概括信息的能力和组织信息的能力。接下来将从细节题，是非题，主旨题和活用

34、题四种题型的解题技巧进行讲解。题型 题型一：细节题解题技巧细节题一般对人，事，地点，时间，原因及方式等进行提问，首先要审清题目要求，然后找出题目在文中出现的对应段落，直接作答或用自己的话进行转述。 设题方式1. What is the writers question in Letter A?2. Where were the researchers from? 3. Who can help shy people?4. Why did Burton decide to have the slides painted? 5. When was Burton Holmes born? 6. Ho

35、w are parents jobs different from childrens jobs according to Letter A. 典题精析On November 30, 1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.问题：How long did the weighted gla

36、ss bottle move in the sea?14解析：本题为细节题。题干意为“这个玻璃瓶在海里移动了多长时间？” ，根据关键词“the weighted glass bottle move in the sea”可将答案锁定在第一段第二句中“The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.”，故填“For 108 years and 138 days”。答案：For 108 years and 138 days. 题型 题

37、型二：是非题解题技巧提问形式为一般疑问句，首先锁定范围，在范围内划出依据，然后使用 Yes / No作答。设题方式1. Do parents have homework according to letter B?2. Is being shy always a big problem according to the passage?3. Could Francis and Craig read the “map” of DNA in 2000?4. Will the step-by-step guide show you how to start a club?典题精析Its journe

38、y ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015. Winkler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She picked up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didnt break it open. She could tell that the bottle was old. So she didnt want to damage it. 问题：Di

39、d Marianne Winkler find the bottle in 2015?解析：本题为是非题。题干意为“Marianne Winkler 是在 2015 年发现这个瓶子的吗？” ，根据第二段第一句 Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015.可以判定答案是肯定的，故填“Yes” 。答案：Yes.题型 题型三：主旨题解题技巧抓住文章结构，先总后分，先分后总还是总分总，确定总写在篇首还是篇尾，然后作答。如果不符合上述几种情况，则综合全文或段落，用自己的话进行概括。中考阅读表达中的主旨大意题一般由两点或

40、三点构成，常用的句型有：1. 介绍某个物体，新兴事物或抽象概念时：Whatis.2. 介绍某个人物时：Whois.3. 介绍做某事的方法时：How to do / How 4. 介绍某事物的优/缺点时：The benefits / advantages / disadvantages of 15例 1. What is the passage mainly about?解答：What shyness is and how to deal with it. 例 2. What is the main idea of the passage?解答：How to run a studio syste

41、m? 例 3. What is the passage mainly about?解答：Who Andrew Matthews is and his book.设题方式1. What is the passage mainly about?2. What does the writer mainly tell us in passage?3. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?4. What do you learn from this story?5. What is the purpose of this passage?典题精析Scientists

42、 now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally. Sometimes, fire fighters even start fires to get rid of（去除）dead wood. Of course, they carefully control the fires. The fire thins out old trees. This allow

43、s sunlight to reach the ground. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore, if a fire is not a serious threat（威胁）to people, firefighters may let it burn naturally.问题：What is the main idea of paragraph 4?解析：本题为段落主旨题。题干意为“第四段的主要意思是什么？” ，根据第四段段首句可知“澳大利亚允许更多的火自然燃烧” ，而后面的内容解释的是这样做的原因是保持森林健康，综合这

44、两点并运用 in order to 短语即可得出正确答案，应填“In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.”。答案：In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.题型 题型四：活用题解题技巧主观性最强，需要准确把握主旨，围绕文章的中心观点列出要点，扩点成句，进行润色，但要注意不能不着边际，离题万里。设题 1. Do you think the selfie is good?

45、 Why?16方式 2. What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B?典题精析I think its only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not like it, but its good for them. It teaches them how to look after themselves. This is really useful when _.（朝阳期末）问题：What can be filled in the blank（空

46、白）at the end of letter B?解析：本题为活用题。题干意为“在 letter B 结尾的空白处能够填什么？” ，这类题的答案比较灵活，不是唯一的，只要和文章的主旨一致就可以。本段主要说的是孩子们在家里做一些家务能够帮助她们学会照顾自己，当_, 这一点是有用的。那么一定是孩子离开家，独自生活的时候，答案与此主题一致即可。答案：they leave home to go to college/ live on their own 浏览问题（抓住选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号 选项1 Where did selfie sticks first become popu

47、lar with the young people?2 How many photos on Instagram were taken with a selfie stick?3 Are selfie sticks pretty convenient to use?4 Whats the first step to use the selfie stick?5 What are the advantages of using selfie sticks?通读寻读话题 体裁 字数 建议用时 实际用时 正确率 星级社会现象类 说明文 355 6-8 分钟 _/5 If youve been near