DIN EN 16211-2015 Ventilation for buildings - Measurement of air flows on site - Methods German version EN 16211 2015《建筑物通风 现场气流的测量 方法 德文版本EN 16211-2015》.pdf

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1、September 2015 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 16No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).

2、ICS 91.140.30; 17.120.10!%E“2349227www.din.deDDIN EN 16211Ventilation for buildings Measurement of air flows on site Methods;English version EN 16211:2015,English translation of DIN EN 16211:2015-09Lftung von Gebuden Luftvolumenstrommessung in Lftungssystemen Verfahren;Englische Fassung EN 16211:201

3、5,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16211:2015-09Systmes de ventilation pour les btiments Mesurages de dbit dair dans les systmes de ventilation Mthodes;Version anglaise EN 16211:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16211:2015-09www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be conside

4、red authoritative.Document comprises 41 pages 08.15 DIN EN 16211:2015-09 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16211:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German

5、 body involved in its preparation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Heiz- und Raumluft-technik (DIN Standards Committee Heating and Ventilation Technology), Working Committee NA 041-02-52 AA Komponenten (SpA CEN/TC 156/WG 3 und WG 4). EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16211 July 2015 IC

6、S 17.120.10; 91.140.30 English Version Ventilation for buildings - Measurement of air flows on site - Methods Systmes de ventilation pour les btiments - Mesurages de dbit dair dans les systmes de ventilation - Mthodes Lftung von Gebuden - Luftvolumenstrommessung in Lftungssystemen - Verfahren This E

7、uropean Standard was approved by CEN on 5 March 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references c

8、oncerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member

9、 into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Franc

10、e, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOM

11、ITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16211:2015 EEN 16211:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references . 5 3

12、 Terms, definitions and symbols 5 3.1 Terms and definitions . 5 3.2 Symbols . 5 4 Principles and parameters of influence 7 4.1 Hydraulic diameter 7 4.2 Flow disturbances . 7 4.3 Air density, 7 4.4 Dynamic pressure, pd7 4.5 Corrections for air density, . 8 5 Sources of errors 8 5.1 General . 8 5.2 Sy

13、stematic errors 9 5.3 Random errors . 10 6 Measurement uncertainty . 10 6.1 Overall measurement uncertainty . 10 6.2 Standard instrument uncertainty, u1. 11 6.3 Standard method uncertainty, u2. 11 6.4 Standard reading uncertainty, u3. 11 6.5 Expanded measurement uncertainty, Um. 11 7 Measurement req

14、uirements . 12 7.1 Method requirements and corrections . 12 7.2 Measurements using a manometer . 12 7.3 Measurements using an anemometer . 13 7.4 Measurements using Pitot static tube 13 7.5 Measuring temperature and barometric pressure . 13 7.6 Mean value calculation of measurement signal . 13 8 Met

15、hods for measurement of air flows in ducts ID (In Duct) methods . 13 8.1 Overview of recommended methods 13 8.2 Point velocity measurements using a Pitot static tube (method ID 1) or an anemometer (method ID 2) . 14 8.2.1 Method description . 14 8.2.2 Preparations to be made at the site of measureme

16、nt . 15 8.2.3 Measurement procedure 18 8.2.4 Corrections of measured values and calculation of air flow 19 8.2.5 Standard method uncertainty 20 8.3 Fixed devices for flow measurement Method ID 3 20 8.3.1 Method description . 20 8.3.2 Preparations of measurements Equipment . 20 8.3.3 Measurement proc

17、edure 21 8.3.4 Correction of measured values . 21 8.3.5 Standard method uncertainty 21 8.4 Tracer gas measurement Method ID 4 . 21 8.4.1 Method description . 21 8.4.2 Equipment 22 8.4.3 Calculation of air flow . 23 8.4.4 Standard measurement uncertainty 23 8.4.5 Conditions for homogeneous mixing of

18、tracer gas . 24 DINEN 16211:2015-09EN 16211:2015 (E) 3 9 Methods for measurement of air flows in Supply ATDs (air terminal devices) ST (Supply (Air) Terminal (Devices) methods 25 9.1 Overview of recommended methods 25 9.2 Measurement of reference pressure Method ST 1 . 25 9.2.1 Introduction . 25 9.2

19、.2 Equipment 26 9.2.3 Correction of measured values . 26 9.2.4 Standard method uncertainty 27 9.3 Measurement with tight bag Method ST 2 . 27 9.3.1 Method description . 27 9.3.2 Limitations . 27 9.3.3 Equipment 27 9.3.4 Preparation 28 9.3.5 Measurement . 28 9.3.6 Correction of measured values . 28 9

20、.3.7 Standard method uncertainty 28 9.4 Measurements with flow hood Method ST 3 . 28 9.4.1 Introduction . 28 9.4.2 Equipment 29 9.4.3 Measurement . 30 9.4.4 Correction of measured values . 31 9.4.5 Standard method uncertainty 31 10 Methods for Exhaust ATDs (air terminal devices) ET (Exhaust (Air) Te

21、rminal (Devices) methods . 32 10.1 Overview of recommended methods 32 10.2 Measurement of reference pressure at exhaust ATD Method ET 1 32 10.2.1 Method description . 32 10.2.2 Limitations . 33 10.2.3 Equipment 33 10.2.4 Correction of measured values . 33 10.2.5 Standard method uncertainty 34 10.3 M

22、easurement using a flow hood Method ET 2 34 10.3.1 Introduction . 34 10.3.2 Equipment 34 10.3.3 Measurement . 35 10.3.4 Correction of measured values . 36 10.3.5 Standard method uncertainty 36 Annex A (informative) Uncertainties . 37 A.1 Examples of calculations . 37 A.2 Compound uncertainties 38 A.

23、3 Example of applications . 38 Bibliography . 39 DINEN 16211:2015-09EN 16211:2015 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16211:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of

24、 a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject

25、of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Measurement methods which are both correct and easy to use are developed and standardized to enable the commissioning and operational monitoring of air processing installations. Interior

26、 climate and air quality can often be improved considerably if the heating and ventilation system is managed in a way that ensures good functioning in the long term. It is thus important that the system is designed and constructed to allow measurement and monitoring to be performed using established

27、 and approved methods. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of

28、 Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DINEN 16211:2015-09EN 16211:2015(E)5 1 Scope This European Stand

29、ard specifies simplified methods for the measurement of air flows on site. It provides a description of the air flow methods and how measurements are performed within the margins of stipulated method uncertainties. One measurement method is to take point velocity measurements across a cross-section

30、of a duct to obtain the air flow. This simplified method is an alternative to the method described in ISO 3966 and EN 12599. This European Standard requests certain measurement conditions (length of straight duct and uniform velocity profile) to be met to achieve the stipulated measurement uncertain

31、ties for the simplified method. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenc

32、ed document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12792, Ventilation for buildings Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols EN 14277, Ventilation for buildings Air terminal devices Method for airflow measurement by calibrated sensors in or close to ATD/plenum boxes 3 Terms, definitions and symbol

33、s 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12792 apply. 3.2 Symbols The following symbols are used. DIN EN 16211:2015-09 EN 16211:2015 (E) 6 Symbol Description SI Unit Symbol Description SI Unit t Time s O Perimeter m Density kg/m3p Pressure

34、Pa sStandard conditions air density = 1,2 kg/m3pdDynamic pressure Pa rReal density kg/m3ps Static pressure Pa tracerTracer gas density kg/m3pt Total pressure Pa ductDuct air density kg/m3pu Measured pressure Pa A Cross-section Area m2p Differential pressure Pa a, b, c, etc. Dimensions of length mm p

35、u Measured differential pressure Pa L Mixing length mm q Air flow m3/s, l/s H Height of duct mm qkCorrected air flow m3/s, l/s W Width of duct mm qs Tracer gas flow m3/s, l/s B Barometric pressure hPa qsductTracer gas flow at duct temperature m3/s, l/s C Contaminant concentration ppm qstracerTracer

36、gas flow at rotameter temperature m3/s, l/s CiInitial tracer gas concentration ppm qt Total air flow m3/s, l/s CsTracer gas concentration in stationary condition ppm qu Measured air flow m3/s, l/s D Diameter mm Temperature C DhHydraulic diameter mm duct Temperature in duct C kccoverage factor - trac

37、erTemperature of tracer gas C k1Correction factor for density - V Volume m3k2Correction factor for duct shape - v Air velocity m/s k Flow factor - vsStandard air velocity m/s L1Smaller dimension of a rectangular duct mm vrReal air velocity m/s L2Larger dimension of a rectangular duct mm vmAir veloci

38、ty, mean value m/s u1Standard Instrument uncertainty - u2Standard Method uncertainty - u3Standard Reading uncertainty - umStandard measurement uncertainty - UmExpanded measurement uncertainty - DIN EN 16211:2015-09 EN 16211:2015(E)7 4 Principles and parameters of influence 4.1 Hydraulic diameter The

39、 hydraulic diameter is the diameter of a circular duct which causes the same pressure drop at equal air velocity and equal friction coefficient, and is defined by the following formula: Dh= 4 A/O (1) For a rectangular duct this becomes: Dh= 2 L1 L2/ (L1+ L2) (2) where L1and L2are the sides of the du

40、ct. For a circular duct this becomes: Dh= D (3) 4.2 Flow disturbances Flow disturbances in ducts result in irregular velocity profiles. NOTE Flow seldom has a symmetrical appearance except after long straight sections. The symmetry is often disturbed by varying resistance, for example after a bend,

41、an area decrease or an area increase. The velocity profile also becomes disturbed by a damper and T-piece as well as before and after a fan. 4.3 Air density, The density of dry air varies with air pressure and temperature in accordance with the following approximating formula: 273 151 2931013 25 273

42、 15,B=+(4) NOTE The relative humidity of the air (RH) has very little influence on the density of air at room temperature. The density of air at 20 C and 1 013,25 hPa which is saturated with water vapour is only approximately 1 % less than equivalent dry air. In a low-pressure system it is hardly ne

43、cessary to consider the influence of static pressure on air density. In a high-pressure system, however, it can be necessary. The calculation is then performed as follows: 0 01 273 151 2931013 25 273 15, ,sBp+=+(5) 4.4 Dynamic pressure, pdWhen measuring with a Pitot static tube a dynamic pressure is

44、 measured. The dynamic pressure can be used to calculate the air velocity by the use of the following formula: 22dvp= (6) DINEN 16211:2015-09EN 16211:2015 (E) 8 4.5 Corrections for air density, When presenting a measured air flow or velocity, it should be stated if it is the real air flow or the flo

45、w converted to standard conditions that is presented. The measurements should correspond to the designed air flow values of the system (real or standard air flow). The methods in this standard present the measurements as real air flow. How to convert between standard and real velocity is described i

46、n 4.5. The same conversion is also valid for air flow. The real flow rate of air is as it is at the present temperature and barometric pressure of the air. Standard air flow is used to present the air flow at standard condition of 1 013,25 hPa and 20 C. A fan transports approximately the same amount

47、 of air independent of air density. The amount of standard flow changes with air density. The instrument in use can measure real or standard air flow or it could require calibration conditions to display correctly. Compensate accordingly, especially when used for other conditions than calibration co

48、ndition or standard conditions of 1 013,25 hPa and 20 C. The barometric pressure will decrease with altitude and also vary with weather. Convert real flow or velocity to standard flow or velocity by using the following formula: vs= vr r/ s(7) 5 Sources of errors 5.1 General There are many factors which affect the measurement results which shall be checked in connection with measuring. These factors are for example: a) calibration equipment