BS 1186-2-1988 Timber for and workmanship in joinery - Specification for workmanship《细木工用木材与制品质量 第2部分 制品质量规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1186-2: 1988 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Timber for and workmanship in joinery Part 2: Specification for workmanship ICS 79.020BS1186-2:1988 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Timber StandardsCommittee, was published under the authorityofthe B

2、oard of BSI andcomes into effect on 31May1988 BSI 02-1999 First published December 1944 First revision September 1955 Second revision November 1971 Third revision May 1988 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TIB/22 Draft for comment 86/13650 DC ISBN

3、0 580 16583 3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Timber Standards Committee (TIB/-) to Technical Committee TIB/22, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Wood Preserving Association British Woodworking Fed

4、eration Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment Princes Risborough Laboratory) Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Fibre Building Board Organization (FIDOR) Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain

5、Inc. Joinery Managers Association Ltd. London Housing Consortium Scottish Timber Trade Association Steel Hinge Makers Association Swedish Finnish Timber Council Ltd. Timber Research and Development Association Timber Trade Federation Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comment

6、s 9385 April 1997 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS1186-2:1988 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Moisture content 1 4 Joints permitting movement 1 5 Adhesives for all framed glued joints, finger joints

7、 and laminated timber 2 6 Fixed joint 2 7 Edge to edge jointed timber 4 8 Laminated timber 4 9 Finger jointed timber 4 10 Adhesives 5 Appendix A Guidance on machined surfaces and their treatment 7 Appendix B Guidance on timber movement 7 Appendix C Method of test for the assessment of finger joint s

8、trength 8 Figure 1 Typical hand cut, lapped dovetail joint 3 Figure 2 Typical machine cut, lapped dovetail joint 3 Figure 3 Through dovetail joint 3 Figure 4 Secret dovetail joint 3 Figure 5 Restrictions on knots 6 Figure 6 Plain-sawn timber (tangential) 8 Figure 7 Quarter-sawn timber (radial) 8 Fig

9、ure 8 Illustration of three-point and four-point loading 8 Figure 9 Three-point loading test 10 Figure 10 Four-point loading test 10 Table 1 Guide to the efficiency in bending of some softwood finger jointed profiles 5 Table 2 Number of jointed specimens to be taken from each production batch 9 Tabl

10、e 3 Recording of failure loads for unjointed timber 9 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS1186-2:1988 ii BSI 02-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 1186 has been prepared under the direction of the Timber Standards committee and supersedes BS 1186-2:1971, which is withdrawn. The other Part of BS 1

11、186 is Part 3 Specification for wood trim and its fixing. Part 1 Specification for timber, is superseded by BS EN 942:1996 Timber in joinery General classification of timber quality. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards

12、 are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This stand

13、ard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS1186-2:1988 BSI 02-1999 1 0 Introduction 0.1 This Part of BS 1186 is intended to provide a specification and recommendations useful for most re

14、quirements of joinery. 0.2 The requirements for traditional methods of forming joints are given. In addition, the new but well established methods of laminated, finger jointed and edge jointed wood are included to enable more effective use to be made of the available supplies of timber, and to promo

15、te greater consistency of production and economy of products of improved stability. Laminating, finger jointing and edge to edge jointing are not detrimental to the joinery item and are likely to confer additional dimensional stability. 1 Scope This Part of BS 1186 specifies requirements for the fit

16、 of parts in various details of joinery, and indicates a degree of care to be exercised in the forming of joints and the application of adhesives. The suitability and selection of joints for specific applications are not included in this Part of BS1186. This Part of BS 1186 does not apply to wood tr

17、im. Guidance on machined surfaces and their treatment and on timber movement are given in Appendix A and Appendix B respectively. Methods of test for the assessment of finger joint strength are given inAppendix C. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this Part of BS1186 are listed on th

18、e inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS1186, the definitions given in BS6100-4 and in BS EN942 apply, together with the following. 2.1 flush panel assembly in which one or both faces are flush with the framework 2.2 push fit fit requiring pressure that can be applied m

19、anually 2.3 tight fit fit requiring pressure that needs to be mechanically applied 3 Moisture content The average percentage of moisture content of timber during the manufacturing process shall be such as to ensure compliance with 4.3 of BSEN942:1996. 4 Joints permitting movement 4.1 Wood based pane

20、l products fitted into grooves NOTE 1Except where required otherwise by a design, the following recommendations apply in the case of plywood panels fitted into grooves. a) The grooves should be not less than 9mm deep. b) The face of the panel should fit closely to the sides of the grooves, subject t

21、o a total tolerance of 0.5mm. c) The panel should be smaller in length and width, to a maximum of 3mm, than the distance between the bottoms of the grooves. The recommendations in items b) and c) also apply when other wood based panel products are fitted, except where required otherwise by a design.

22、 When a wood based panel product (other than plywood) is to be jointed, guidance shall be obtained from the manufacturer in respect of the moisture related movement that can be expected, in order that the correct depth of groove required can be provided to ensure that there is provision for any expa

23、nsion or contraction that may arise. NOTE 2The degree of moisture related movement varies according to the type of panel product used, particularly when the panel is treated by, for example, impregnation with a flame retardant. 4.2 Solid timber panels fitted into grooves When a solid timber panel is

24、 fitted into grooves, the following requirements apply. a) The grooves shall be not less than 9mm deep, appropriate to the anticipated extent of moisture related movement (see Appendix B) and having regard to the properties of the timber and the dimensions of the parts. b) The faces of the panel sha

25、ll fit closely to the sides of the grooves. c) In the direction of the grain, the panel shall be a maximum of 3mm shorter than the distance between the bottoms of the grooves. d) Across the grain, the panel shall be less than the distance between the bottoms of the grooves to provide for any expansi

26、on or contraction that may arise due to changes in the moisture content of the material used (see Appendix B). e) The panel shall not be fixed in any way that will prevent its free expansion and contraction.BS1186-2:1988 2 BSI 02-1999 The following additional requirements apply to any flush panel. 1

27、) The face of the panel shall be flush with that of the surrounding framing, subject to a tolerance ofmm. 2) Any moulded tongue of a panel shall not exceed two-fifths of the panel thickness and shall be not less than 5mm. 3) When the joint between the edge of the panel and the adjoining framing memb

28、er is “broken” by a bead or other feature, the clearance between the parts shall be appropriate for the anticipated extent of moisture related movement (seeAppendix B). 4.3 Profiled boarded surfaces Profiled boards shall be joined together with either tongued and grooved or rebated joints that provi

29、de a coverage of one board over another appropriate to the anticipated extent of moisture related movement (seeAppendix B), having regard to the properties of the timber and the dimensions of the components. The tongue at its widest point shall be not less than one-third of the thickness of the boar

30、d. The tongued and grooved or rebated joints shall permit free swelling and shrinkage of the boards in their width but shall not allow play in the thickness. Fixing shall be carried out so that each board is able to swell and shrink freely in its width but is not able to move as a whole. 5 Adhesives

31、 for all framed glued joints, finger joints and laminated timber Adhesives shall be selected from those specified in10.1. The selection shall have regard to the conditions to which the finished joinery will be exposed. Adhesives shall be applied as specified in10.2. 6 Fixed joints 6.1 Framed joints

32、6.1.1 General. The faces of members shall be flush or stepped or relieved. Where faces of members are relieved or the edges are moulded, the faces shall be in alignment subject to a tolerance of 1mm. There shall be a tight fit on the exposed face(s) of a shaped scribe or a square shoulder. In other

33、respects the two surfaces shall not at any point be more than 0.5mm apart. In a mortice and tenon, combed or halving joint, where part of the end grain of one member shows upon a finished face or edge, it shall be flush with that face or edge. On the face of the work, the end of the one member shall

34、 be in close contact with the edge of the other throughout the length of the shoulder, except that defects caused by slight tearing of the end grain shall be permitted to an extent not exceeding 1mm in depth, 3mm across the grain and 3mm along the grain, unless restricted or excluded by the specifie

35、r. 6.1.2 Dowelled joint. Dowels shall be grooved for adhesive, shall be a tight fit into the dowel holes and shall fill the holes to within 6mm at each end when the joint is assembled. All dowelled surfaces shall be fully coated with adhesive after assembly (see 10.2). 6.1.3 Mortice and tenon joint.

36、 In their thickness, the tenon and the mortice shall be parallel to each other and the tenon shall (in its thickness) be a push fit in the mortice. Tenons shall be secured in the mortice by the use of wedges, wood or metal dowels, staples, plastics or metal fasteners or patented fixings. Where wedge

37、s are used they shall be of the same thickness as the tenon. The taper of the wedges shall be the same as the taper of the mortice or tenon, and when driven in the wedges shall fit tightly for at least three-quarters of the length of the tenon. Where wedges are not used the tenon shall, in its thick

38、ness and width, be a push fit in the mortice. Where a wooden dowel is used, it shall be a tight fit and shall engage every member of the joint; it shall finish flush with the surface of the work. Where a metal dowel or staple is used it shall engage every member of the joint and shall not protrude b

39、eyond the surfaces. Where draw-boring of a mortice and tenon joint is required the drilling of the holes shall be offset so that the shoulders are drawn up tight. NOTESurfaces of tenons and wedges should be fully coated with adhesive after assembly, except where otherwise required by the design (see

40、 10.2). 6.1.4 Combed joint. Each face of a tenon of a combed joint shall be parallel to the corresponding faces of the other tenons and each individual tenon shall be a push fit in its slotted counterpart. Dowels or pins shall engage all members of the joint. Wooden dowels shall be flush with the su

41、rface of the work and metal dowels or pins shall not protrude above the surface of the work. Surfaces shall be fully coated with adhesive after assembly (see10.2). 6.1.5 Halving joint. Each part of a halving joint shall be cut to half the thickness of the members forming the joint. Mating surfaces s

42、hall be smooth and in close contact and shall be fully coated with adhesive (see10.2). 0 +1BS1186-2:1988 BSI 02-1999 3 6.2 Joints between wide board surfaces meeting at right or other angles 6.2.1 Dovetail joint (see Figure 1 to Figure 4). Dovetail joints shall be so made that the mating surfaces at

43、 the sides of the tails and at the shoulders will be in close contact. Dovetail joints shall not be split or broken in the end pins. The sides of the tail and pin shall be inclined to their axes at a slope (see Figure 2) of not less than one-in-eight for multidovetail joints, and not less than one-i

44、n-six and not more than one-in-four for single dovetail joints. Dovetail joints shall be hand or machine cut. All mating surfaces shall be fully coated with adhesive (see10.2). 6.2.2 Housed joint. The width of the housing shall accurately fit the thickness of the members inserted, except where the h

45、ousing is wedged, as in stairs, in which case the member and the wedge shall accurately fit the taper of the groove. The end of the member inserted in the housing shall fit against the bottom of the housing groove. The joint shall be screwed or nailed unless the housing is dovetailed. In a stopped h

46、ousing the shoulder of the inserted member shall fit closely against the surface it abuts. Also, the front edge of the inserted member shall be a close fit in the end of the housing groove. The mating surfaces of the wedge shall be fully coated with adhesive (see 10.2). 6.2.3 Rebated joint. The shou

47、lder of the rebate shall be square with the face of the member rebated or shall be finished accurately at such other angle as the design requires. NOTEUnless otherwise required by the design, the exposed end of the rebated member and the face of the member meeting it should be flush with one another

48、. The end of the member inserted shall fit against both faces of the rebated joint. The joint shall be screwed or nailed. Figure 1 Typical hand cut, lapped dovetail joint Figure 2 Typical machine cut, lapped dovetail joint Figure 3 Through dovetail joint Figure 4 Secret dovetail jointBS1186-2:1988 4

49、 BSI 02-1999 If the joint is stopped, the shoulder of the inserted member shall fit closely against both faces of the rebated joint. The depth of the rebate shall not exceed two-thirds of the thickness of the rebated member. 6.2.4 Tongued and grooved joint between members meeting at an angle (see4.3). The thickness of the tongue shall not exceed two-fifths of the thickness of the member on which it is formed and shall be not less than 5mm and the length of the tongue shall not exceed one and a half times its thickness. The shoulder of t