ASTM F3104-2014 Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Externally Loaded Strength Training Equipment Strength Training Benches and External .pdf

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1、Designation: F3104 14Standard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofExternally Loaded Strength Training Equipment, StrengthTraining Benches and External Weight Storage Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3104; the number immediately following

2、the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these test

3、 methods is to provide reliable and repeatable methods for the evaluation ofExternally Loaded Strength Training Equipment, Strength Training Benches and External WeightStorage Equipment. Users of these machines must recognize, however, that conformance to a standardwill not necessarily prevent injur

4、ies. Like other physical activities, exercise involving this equipmentinvolves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is not maintained or used properly.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and apparatusused for testing and evaluating Externally Loaded StrengthTraining Equipm

5、ent, Strength Training Benches and ExternalWeight Storage Equipment for compliance to SpecificationF3105. Both design and operational parameters will be evalu-ated. Where possible and applicable, accepted test methodsfrom other recognized bodies will be used and referenced.1.2 RequirementsThis equip

6、ment is to be tested in accor-dance with this test method or Test Methods F2571 for all ofthe following parameters:1.2.1 Stability,1.2.2 Edge and corner sharpness,1.2.3 Tube ends,1.2.4 Entrapment and pinch points,1.2.5 Weight disc retention,1.2.6 Function of adjustments and locking mechanisms,1.2.7

7、Training weight post loading,1.2.8 Storage weight post loading,1.2.9 Stop height verification,1.2.10 Stop load drop test,1.2.11 Barbell hook dimensions,1.2.12 Catch hook load drop test,1.2.13 Barbell support/frame impact test,1.2.14 Intrinsic loading,1.2.15 Extrinsic loading,1.2.16 Endurance loading

8、, and1.2.17 Documentation and warnings verification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of

9、 regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Fa-cility Safety Signage and LabelsF2216 Specification for Selectorized Strength EquipmentF2571 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and PerformanceCharacteristics of F

10、itness EquipmentF3105 Specification for Externally Loaded Strength TrainingEquipment, Strength Training Benches and ExternalWeight Storage Equipment2.2 European Standards:3EN 9571 Stationary Training EquipmentPart 1: GeneralSafety Requirements and Test MethodsEN 9572 Stationary Training EquipmentPar

11、t 2: StrengthTraining Equipment, Additional Specific Safety Require-ments and Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the direct resp

12、onsibilityof Subcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014. Published February 2015. DOI:10.1520/F3104-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume

13、 information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), AvenueMarnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.

14、 United States13.1.1 normal operation, nthe operation of the equipmentas defined by the manufacturer.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this document is to provide valid andrepeatable test methods for the evaluation of Externally LoadedStrength Training Equipment, Strength Training Benches an

15、dExternal Weight Storage Equipment assembled and maintainedaccording to the manufacturers specifications. Use of thesetest methods in conjunction with Specification F3105 is in-tended to maximize the reliability of the equipments designand reduce the risk of serious injury resulting from designdefic

16、iencies.5. Certification5.1 These test methods permit self-certification. It is recom-mended that each manufacturer employ an independent labo-ratory to evaluate and validate that their designs and testprocedures conform to and comply with these test methods andSpecification F3105.6. Units of Measur

17、e6.1 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.7. Sample Preparation7.1 Assemble and adjust the equipment according to themanufacturers instructions. Remove upholstered pads fromthe sample. On machines that are fully assembled

18、, verifyaccording to the manufacturers instructions that all compo-nents are functioning and that they have been adjusted andaligned properly. Unless otherwise stated, the machine mustpass the tests without adjustment from this initial condition.The equipment shall be provided with the largest amoun

19、t ofweight intended to be used with the equipment as stated by themanufacturer for the model to be tested.7.2 The individual test methods will describe any variationsor modifications that are required to the test sample.8. Test Methods and Procedures8.1 Stability:8.1.1 This equipment shall be tested

20、 with and without thesimulated user load in the orientation that is most obviouslyunstable. For Type 1 and Type 2 equipment as defined inSpecification F3105 the equipment is to be tested with themaximum rated load as stated by the manufacturer applied tothe training weight posts with no additional w

21、eight stored onthe weight storage posts (if so equipped). For Type 3 and 4equipment the equipment is to be tested with a simulated userload and an applied load equal to the rated lifting load appliedto the bench as defined below. Multiple tests will be performedas defined below.8.1.2 Apparatus and S

22、et-UpPlace sample on a non-skidsurface inclined at 10 in the orientation that is least stable. Thesample shall rest on the supporting surface without anchoring.Determine how the user is placed oriented relative to themachine to perform the exercise (that is, seating, standing, orprone) and then dete

23、rmine how the users body weight isdistributed onto the user support surfaces. For the tests thatrequire a user load, apply a load equal to 100 kg (220 lb)simulating the users weight and its distribution in the verticaldirection at the point(s) of user contact. The load shall beapplied in the most on

24、erous condition for the machine typebeing evaluated. As an example, for a seated user, the usersupport surface shall be adjusted to the uppermost position (ifadjustable) and the center of gravity of the 100 kg (220 lb) loadshall be positioned approximately 150 mm (5.9 in.) above theuser support surf

25、ace. Possible methods of providing this loadinclude, but are not limited to, pneumatic cylinder(s) or deadweights. Stability is to be evaluated with weight discs appliedto one side and both sides of the machine. Determine mostonerous condition and test the equipment in that orientation.8.1.3 Calibra

26、tionUsing an angle measuring instrumentaccurate to within 0.1, verify the non-skid surface is 10 60.5. Calibrate the load measurement apparatus to confirmaccuracy to within 620 N (4.5 lb) over entire loading range.8.1.4 ProcedureTest the sample as follows:8.1.4.1 With the sample machine (no user loa

27、d applied)positioned on the tilt surface, verify that the sample does not tipover with the resistance means in the rest position and noweight load on the training weight posts.8.1.4.2 Using the aforementioned load apparatus, distributea vertical load equal to 100 kg (220 lb) 6 5 % in a non-impactman

28、ner to the specimen where the user contacts the machineduring normal operation. (If only a portion of the users bodyis supported by the machine during operation, the 100 kg (220lb) simulated user weight shall be reduced by the appropriateamount.) Load the maximum rated weight (as stated by themanufa

29、cturer) onto the lifting arm, bar or weight supportstructure and retain the weights from sliding. Raise and supportthe lifting arms and weights to simulate the furthest point in therange of travel as encountered during normal operation of themachine by a user of 1.8 m (74 in.) stature. Verify that t

30、hesample does not tip over.8.1.4.3 Repeat 8.1.4.1 and 8.1.4.2 with the maximumamount of weight only on one side of the lifting arm or weightstructure.8.1.4.4 Repeat 8.1.4.1 and 8.1.4.2 with the sample orientedin any other directions of potential instability and with weightsonly on one side of the li

31、fting arm or weight structure.8.1.4.5 For Type 3 and 4 equipment load the bench verti-cally at the point(s) of user contact. The equipment is posi-tioned on the tilt table in its most unstable orientation. If a seatis present then the seat shall be loaded with 45.5 kg (100 lb)simulating the 100 kg (

32、220 lb) users lower body. The appliedload to the remainder of the bench is based on the load ratingof the bench for example: 225 kg (495 lb) of lifting load plusthe upper body weight of the user 54.5 kg (119.9 lb). Applythis load to the bench, without inducing a torque to the bench,at the point of u

33、ser contact with the bench. The load shall beapplied to the bench along its centerline using a 305 mm (12in.) square plate.8.1.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaIn any of the above testconditions, or in any other weight configuration that will beunstable, the sample shall not tip over.F3104 1428.1.6 Precision and

34、 BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test 8.1 for measuringstability since the test result is non-quantitative.8.2 Adjustable Stops:8.2.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensurethat adjustable stops (if required) are present and functional.8.2.2 Appa

35、ratus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1.8.2.3 CalibrationVerify that the measuring device is ac-curate to 1.5 mm (0.06 in.).8.2.4 ProcedureVisually confirm that adjustable stops arepresent on both sides of the machine and that they adjust withminimal effort. Verify on sled leg

36、press machines that a deadstop is present that stops the lower edge of the carriage at least266 mm (10.5 in.) from the front edge of the seat pad. Verifyon Smith, Squat and Lifting Cage apparatus that one set of stoppositions sets the lifting bar at least 711 mm (28 in.) above thefloor when the lift

37、ing bar is resting on the adjustable stops.Verify the presence of a warning label instructing to not placethe stops lower than this position when doing squat exercises.8.2.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaAdjustable stops must be presentand function on all Type 2 equipment. Sled leg press machinesmust have a dea

38、d stop that stops the carriage at least 266 mm(10.5 in.) from the edge of the seat. Smith, Squat, and LiftingCage apparatus must have one set of stop position that stops thelifting arm at least 711 mm (28 in.) from the floor and awarning label must be present on both sides of the machine.8.2.6 Preci

39、sion and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test in 8.2 for adjustablestops since the test result is non-quantitative.8.3 Weight Disc Retention:8.3.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensurethat the weight discs are retained onto the lifting arms, ba

40、r orweight structure.8.3.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1.8.3.3 CalibrationVerify that angle measuring instrumentis accurate to within 0.1.8.3.4 ProcedureVisually confirm that the weight platesare retained on the lifting structure by the presence of barclamps, coll

41、ars, pins or similar means. If angular placement ofthe weight posts is the method of retention, then verify that theangle of the weight post with respect to horizontal is at least 2throughout the entire range of movement of the lifting struc-ture.8.3.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe weight discs shall be re-

42、tained. The presence of clamps or similar means or angulationof 2 or greater must be present.8.3.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test in 8.3 for evaluatingweight disc retention since the test result is non-quantitative.8.4 Weight Disc Spacing Stor

43、age Posts:8.4.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensurethat the weight storage posts are spaced adequately.8.4.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1.8.4.3 CalibrationVerify that the measuring device is ac-curate to 1 mm (0.04 in.).8.4.4 ProcedurePlace t

44、he maximum weight plate size (asrecommended by the manufacturer) onto each weight storagepost. Measure the spacing between the weight discs. Thespacing shall be 25 mm (0.98 in.) or greater.8.4.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe weight stack must begin andend the test in the same rest position and must not move

45、 unlessit is displaced intentionally by a lifting force applied to thelifting arm.8.4.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of test in 8.4 for evaluatingweight disc spacing since the test result is non-quantitative.8.5 Training Weight Post Loading:8.5.1 Th

46、is test is a visual, physical, and functional inspec-tion of the weight posts used to support the training load on theequipment to ensure that they meet the loading parameters ofSpecification F3105.8.5.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 7.1. Determine whether the sample

47、is designed forconsumer or institutional use. Obtain from the manufacturerthe maximum load rating for each weight training post. Providea means (pneumatic, hydraulic, or similar) for providing a loadvertically downward to the training post that is 6 times themaximum value stated by the manufacturer

48、for institutionalequipment and 4 times the maximum value for consumerequipment.8.5.3 CalibrationCalibrate the load measurement appara-tus to confirm accuracy to within 650N(611 lb).8.5.4 ProcedureObtain and record from the manufacturerthe maximum load amount that the weight support post issubjected

49、to during operation of the sample machine. Secure aload application device to the center of the weight support post.The post may either be pushed or pulled downward with theloading device.Apply a load to the weight post equal to 6 timesthe maximum load stated above (for institutional equipment)and 4 times the maximum for consumer equipment. Maintainthis load for 5 min. Repeat the test for each of the weightsupport posts.8.5.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaIf the weight post fails to supportthe load for 5 minutes or if the weight support post fail