ASTM F659-2006 Standard Specification for Skier Goggles and Faceshields《滑雪眼镜和面罩的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 659 06An American National StandardStandard Specification forSkier Goggles and Faceshields1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 659; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimal requirements foralpine skier goggles and faceshields, to provide a reasonabledegree o

3、f protection against foreign objects striking or lodgingin the eye or surrounding soft tissue causing eye irritation ordamage; and to minimize fogging and vision restrictions thatdistract or handicap the skier and thereby may cause accidents.1.2 The scope of this specification shall include require-

4、ments for materials, lens size, optical properties, lens strength,field of vision, labeling, identification, and testing proceduresfor goggles and faceshields for alpine skiers.1.2.1 Contact lenses, sunglasses, and corrective dress eyewear are not included within the scope of this specification.1.3

5、The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portions, Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A1 of thisspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish ap

6、pro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performanceof Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near-Infrared Spectrophotom-eters2.2 American National Standar

7、ds:3ANSI Z80.1 Requirements for First-Quality PrescriptionOphthalmic LensesANSI Z80.3 Requirements for Nonprescription Sunglassesand Fashion Eyewear2.3 Federal Standard:4National Institute of Standards and Technology SpecialTechnical Publication 374 Method for Determining theResolving Power of Photo

8、graphic Lenses (1973)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 central viewing zonethat part of a lens which has itscenter in line with the wearers line of sight when lookingstraight ahead. The zone is circular in shape. For the purpose ofthis specification, it shall be considered to be 38 mm indiameter.

9、The center of the central viewing zone shall be thepoint of intersection of the line of sight with the lens asmounted on the Alderson headform.3.1.2 dioptera unit of measure of the refractive power ofa lens with a focal distance of 1 m.3.1.3 eye glassesspectacles, sunglasses, or goggles hav-ing two

10、separately mounted lenses, but excluding contactlenses.3.1.4 face shieldan eye protective device attached to ahelmet or headband(s) and which covers the wearers eyes andface at least to a point located approximately at the tip of thenose and whose predominant function is protection of the eye.3.1.5

11、framethose parts of eye glasses or goggles contain-ing the lens housings. The frame may be associated withpadding.3.1.6 gogglesan optical device worn before the eyes, thepredominant function of which is to protect the eyes from theelements without obstructing peripheral vision. They provideprotectio

12、n from the front and sides, and may or may not forma complete seal with the face.3.1.7 headbandthat part of the device consisting of asupporting band or other structure that either encircles the heador protective helmet, or can be attached thereto.3.1.8 headform optical parameterskey dimensions for

13、theheadforms as provided in Fig. 1.3.1.9 mid-saggital planethe anteroposterior plane throughthe longitudinal axis of the body.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.57 onEye Safety for

14、 Sports.Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published March 2006. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 659 98e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStan

15、dards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 3460, Gaithe

16、rsburg, MD 20899-3460.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.10 spherical powerthe average of the maximum me-ridional astigmatic power and the minimum meridional astig-matic power of a lens.4. Materials and Design4.1 All

17、 parts of a goggle or faceshield shall be free of sharpedges or projections that could cause harm or discomfort to thewearer.4.1.1 Exposed lens edges shall have a minimum radius inthe cross-sectional plane at the entire circumference to limitskin-penetrating ability.4.1.2 Lens retention shall be suf

18、ficient to adequately retainthe lens in position, and the frame shall be composed ofmaterial that in itself is not hazardous with regard to skinpenetration.4.1.3 Facial contact surfaces shall be of sufficient softness(suggested width 10 mm) and flexibility to minimize bodysurface injury in case of h

19、ard impacts.4.2 A headband shall be capable of holding the goggle orfaceshield securely under normal operating conditions. It shallbe capable of easy adjustment and replacement. The “goggle-to-head” holding device shall not contain sharp edges.4.3 Material(s) utilized in any portion of a goggle orfa

20、ceshield shall be of durable quality, that is, material charac-teristics shall not undergo appreciable alterations under theinfluence of aging or of the circumstances of use to which thedevice is normally subjected (exposure to sun, rain, cold, dust,vibrations, contact of the skin, effects of sweat,

21、 or of productsapplied to the skin or hair).4.4 Material(s) commonly known to cause skin irritation ordisease shall not be used for those parts of the device whichcome into contact with the skin.4.5 Because of environmental climatic changes and per-sonal changes it is considered impossible to contro

22、l “lensfogging,” but any effort to minimize this condition is urged.5. Optical Properties of Skier Goggles and Faceshields5.1 Optical Requirements:NOTE 15.1.2-5.1.6 apply to plano lensed goggles. Prescription lensesA = 66.0 6 1.3 mm (2.60 6 0.05 in.)B=C=31.86 0.8 mm (1.256 0.03 in.)D=E=109.2 6 2.5 m

23、m (4.30 6 0.10 in.)F=G=102.96 2.5 mm (4.056 0.10 in.)H=I =78.76 2.5 mm (3.106 0.10 in.)J = 82.6 6 1.3 mm (3.256 0.05 in.)NOTE 1If headform is found to be symmetrical or is to be made symmetrical then B = C, D = E, F = G, and H = I.NOTE 2A = Interpupillary distance.B = Distance of right eye pupil fro

24、m sagittal plane.C = Distance of left eye pupil from sagittal plane.D = Distance of right eye pupil from top of headform.E = Distance of left eye pupil from top of headform.F = Distance of top of right ear/headform junction from top of headform.G = Distance of top of left ear/headform junction from

25、top of headform.H = Distance from right side of headform to sagittal plane.I = Distance from left side of headform to sagittal plane.FIG. 1 50th PercentileF659062must comply with requirements of ANSI Z80.1. Goggles for prescriptionlenses are to be supplied to the test laboratory with nominal 3-mm th

26、ickplano lenses.5.1.1 Field of ViewWhen tested in accordance with 8.1,goggles or faceshields shall have fields of view equal to orexceeding the following:5.1.1.1 Temporal Field50,5.1.1.2 Nasal Field30,5.1.1.3 Superior Field30, and5.1.1.4 Inferior Field30.5.1.2 Refractive TolerancesWhen tested in acc

27、ordancewith 8.7, the spherical power (as defined in 3.1.10) shall not beless than 0.37 diopters and shall not exceed +0.06 diopters.5.1.3 AstigmatismWhen tested in accordance with 8.7,the astigmatism shall not exceed 0.18 diopters.5.1.4 Power ImbalanceWhen tested in accordance with8.7, the maximum m

28、eridional power imbalance between thetwo eyes for straight ahead seeing shall not exceed 0.18diopters.5.1.5 PrismFor the primary viewing position of either eyeof a shield or pair of lenses shall not exceed 0.65 prism diopterswhen tested in accordance with 8.6.5.1.6 Prism ImbalanceWhen tested in acco

29、rdance with8.6, the prism imbalance shall meet the following criteria:5.1.6.1 Vertical ImbalanceShall not exceed +0.25 prismdiopters.5.1.6.2 Horizontal ImbalancesNegative values (base in)shall not be less than 0.25 prism diopters, and positive values(base out) shall not be more than +1.00 prism diop

30、ters.5.1.7 Optical DefectsWithin the central viewing zone,striae, warpage, surface ripples, or other defects that areapparent under the optical inspection test conditions of 8.3shall be considered a failure; except that small specks orinclusions that are not seen when the lens is held close to theey

31、e in the as worn position shall not be a cause of rejection.5.1.8 Physical Lens DefectsWithin the central viewingzone, pits, scratches, grayness, bubbles, cracks, water marks, orother defects that are apparent under the visible inspection testconditions of 8.5 shall be considered a failure; except t

32、hatsmall specks or inclusions that are not seen when the lens isheld close to the eye in the as worn position shall not be a causeof rejection.5.1.9 When tested in accordance with any applicable opticaltest in 8.6 and 8.7, any goggle or faceshield that does notpermit the test target to be brought in

33、to focus well enough tomake the required measurement will be deemed to have failedthat test.6. Light-Transmitting Ability of Eye Protective Devices6.1 Clear Goggle or FaceshieldA “clear” goggle orfaceshield shall transmit not less than 80 % of the incidentvisible radiation.Agoggle or faceshield that

34、 transmits less than80 % of incident visible radiation shall be considered “tinted.”6.2 Ultraviolet and Infrared FiltrationUltraviolet andinfrared filtration shall meet the requirements of ANSI Z80.3for Special Purpose Lenses.6.3 Resistance to FoggingA goggle or faceshield that isdescribed as being

35、resistant to fogging shall pass the testspecified in Annex A1.NOTE 2To claim or describe a goggle or faceshield as being resistantto fogging is optional.7. Lens StrengthTest Methods7.1 Basic Impact Resistance Test:7.1.1 Significance and UseThis test method is intended toensure a basic level of prote

36、ction from impact on the surface ofa lens of a goggle or on the viewing portion of a faceshield. Itmay not be representative of all of the conditions of impactexperienced in snow skiing.7.1.2 ApparatusAn Alderson 50th percentile male head-form (see Fig. 1) shall be used to hold the goggle or faceshi

37、eld.It shall be rigidly mounted in the horizontal position, face up,on a base that has a mass of 30 kg (66 lb) or greater. The staticstiffness of the headform shall be such that, when a verticallydownward force of 20 kg (44 lb) is applied to the forehead ofthe headform, the back of the headform shal

38、l not deflect morethan 2 mm (0.08 in.). The missile for impacting the goggle orfaceshield shall be a polished steel ball, 22 mm (78 in.) nominaldiameter, and shall have a mass not less than 43 g (1.52 oz). Aloose-fitting guide tube shall be provided for the missile.7.1.3 ProcedurePlace the goggle or

39、 faceshield on theheadform as it would be worn by the user. Drop the ball in freefall from a height (measured from the bottom of the ball) of1.30 m (51 in.) above the exterior surface of the goggle orfaceshield. Impact the goggle or faceshield three times: onceabove the center of each eye of the hea

40、dform and once abovethe bridge of the nose of the headform. Test four representativesamples of the type of goggle or faceshield.7.1.4 Analysis of ResultsThe lens shall be retained in itsframe, and it shall not fracture into two or more pieces. If allfour samples pass the test, then the goggle or fac

41、eshield passes,but if any fail, then the goggle or faceshield fails.7.1.5 ReportFully identify the goggle or faceshield andrecord whether it passed or failed the basic impact test withspherical projectile. This report is for internal use by themanufacturer and is not included in statements for label

42、ing.7.1.6 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias information isnot applicable, because the results of the test are statedqualitatively and not as numerical values of physical quantities.7.2 Higher Impact Resistance Test:7.2.1 Significance and UseThis test method is intended toensure a level of protect

43、ion from relatively heavy, pointedobjects traveling at low speed. It may not be representative ofall of the conditions of impact experienced in snow skiing.7.2.2 ApparatusAn Alderson 50th percentile male head-form (see Fig. 1) shall be used to hold the goggle or faceshield.It shall be rigidly mounte

44、d in the horizontal position, face up,on a base that has a mass of 30 kg (66 lb) or greater. The staticstiffness of the headform shall be such that, when a verticallydownward force of 20 kg (44 lb) is applied to the forehead ofthe headform, the back of the headform shall not deflect morethan 2 mm (0

45、.08 in.). The missile shall have a 30 conical tipwitha1mm(0.04 in.) radius, shall have a mass of 500 g (17.6oz), and shall have a diameter of 25.4 mm (1 in.). The missileshall have a heat treated steel tip. A loose-fitting guide tubewith a smooth internal surface shall be provided for the missile.Th

46、is guide tube is to prevent the missile from tumbling andF659063also to protect the operator. Partial shielding of the headformmay be desirable to protect the feet of the operator.7.2.3 ProcedurePlace the goggle or faceshield on theheadform as it would be worn by the user. Hold the missileabove the

47、headform with its tip 130 cm (51 in.) above theexterior surface of the transparent portion of the goggle orfaceshield and aligned vertically above one eye of the head-form.Allow the missile to fall freely through 130 cm. Test fourrepresentative samples of the type of goggle or faceshield.7.2.4 Analy

48、sis of ResultsThe lens shall be retained in itsframe, and it shall not crack, fracture, nor be penetrated by thetip of the missile. If all four samples pass the test, then thegoggle or faceshield passes, but if any fail, then the goggle orfaceshield fails.7.2.5 ReportFully identify the goggle or fac

49、eshield andrecord whether it passed or failed the higher impact test withhigh mass, low velocity, pointed projectile. This report is forinternal use by the manufacturer and is not included instatements for labeling.7.2.6 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias information isnot applicable, because the results of the test are statedqualitatively and not as numerical values of physical quantities.8. Optical Test Methods8.1 Field of View (Angle of Vision):8.1.1 Significance and UseThis test method is intended todetermine the relative u