ASTM F1235-2018 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Hook-On Chairs.pdf

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1、Designation: F1235 18Standard Consumer Safety Specification forPortable Hook-On Chairs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i

2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with portable hook-on chairs(chairs) that were identified by the United State

3、s Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).CPSC has identified injuries which occurred when chairs fell because the child pushed off the table,components of the chair became detached or broke, and, to a lesser extent, when the table to whichthe chair was attached tipped over. In response to a revie

4、w of the data received by the CPSC, thisspecification attempts to minimize the following: falls due to detachment of the chair from the tableor due to breakage or detachment of components; a child falling out of the chair; and chair and tabletipping over.This specification does not cover chairs that

5、 are either blatantly misused or are used in a carelessmanner that disregards the warning statements and safety instructions provided with each chair. Thisspecification is written within the current state-of-the-art of chair technology. It is intended that thisspecification will be updated whenever

6、substantive information becomes available that necessitatesadditional requirements or justifies revising the existing requirements.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the performance requirementsand test methods designed to ensure the satisfactory perfor-mance of the portable hook-on chair.1.2 Thi

7、s specification is intended to minimize injuries tochildren resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeablemisuse or abuse of chairs.1.3 For the purposes of this specification a chair is:1.3.1 A seat made for the express purpose of seating andholding a child who can remain in a sitting position

8、 due to hisor her own coordination.1.3.2 Usually a legless seat constructed to locate the occu-pant at a table in such a position and elevation so that thesurface of the table can be used as the feeding surface for theoccupant.1.3.3 Supported solely by the table on which it is mounted.These chairs a

9、re intended for use by children between the agesof six months and three years and who weigh no more than 37lb (16.8 kg) (95th percentile male at three years).1.4 No chair produced after the approval date of thisconsumer safety specification shall, either by label or othermeans, indicate compliance w

10、ith this specification unless itconforms to all applicable requirements contained herein.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered stand

11、ard.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion only, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate sa

12、fety, health, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of I

13、nternational Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onCo

14、nsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16 onHighchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F1235 15. DOI:10.1520/F1235-18.2For referenced AS

15、TM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho

16、cken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organi

17、zation Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.12.2 Federal Regulations:16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint, and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint316 CFR 1500 Hazardous SubstancesAct Regulations includ-ing sections:1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a SharpP

18、oint in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren Under Eight Years of Age31500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a SharpMetal or Glass Edge in Toys or OtherArticles Intended forUse By Children Under Eight Years of Age31500.50.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse ofToys and

19、Other Articles Intended for Use by Children316 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years ofAge Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or IngestionHazards Because of Small Parts33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

20、3.1.1 conspicuousa label that is visible when the portablehook-on chair is in a manufacturers recommended use posi-tion to a person standing near the chair at any one position butnot necessarily visible from all positions.3.1.2 fabricany woven, knit, coated, laminated, extrudedor calendered flexible

21、 material that is intended to be sewn,welded, heat sealed or glued together as an assembly.3.1.3 manufacturers recommended use positionany posi-tion that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for the use of the product by the manufacturer inany descriptive or instructional

22、literature. This specificallyexcludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a likemanner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or notrecommended.3.1.4 nonpaper labelany label material (such as plastic ormetal) which either will not tear without the aid of tools, ortears leaving a sharply

23、defined edge.3.1.5 occupantthat individual who is in a product that isset up in one of the manufacturers recommended use posi-tions.3.1.6 passive crotch restrainta component that separatesthe openings for the legs of the occupant into two separatebounded openings and requires no action on the part o

24、f thecaregiver to use, except to position one leg into each openingcreated by the component.3.1.7 paper labelany label material that tears without theaid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.8 seama means of joining fabric components such assewing, welding, heat sealing or gluing.3.1.9 static load

25、a vertically downward force applied by acalibrated force gage or by dead weights.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor thatmay be covered with18 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooringcovering, unless test instructs differently.4.2 The product shall be comp

26、letely assembled, unlessotherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers in-structions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-turing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambienttemperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 h prior totesting. Testing shall the

27、n be conducted within this temperaturerange.4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be con-ducted on the same unit.5. General Requirements5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges asdefined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before andafter testing to this consumer safety

28、specification.5.2 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501before testing or liberated as a result of testing to thisspecification.5.3 The paint and surface-coatings on the product shallcomply with 16 CFR 1303.5.4 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smoothand free from sp

29、linters.5.5 Latching or Locking MechanismsAny unit that foldsshall have a latching or locking device or other provision in thedesign that will prevent the unit from unintentionally foldingwhen properly placed in the manufacturers recommended useposition. The unit shall remain in its manufacturers re

30、com-mended use position during and upon completion of the test inaccordance with 7.3. If a unit is designed with a latching orlocking device, that device shall remain engaged and operativeafter testing.5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching:5.6.1 A portable hook-on chair, when in a manufacturersreco

31、mmended use position installed per the manufacturersinstructions on the minimum test surface described in 7.1.16.4,shall be designed and constructed so as to prevent injury to theoccupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching whenmembers or components rotate about a common axis orfastening poin

32、t, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative toone another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may causeinjury shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigidparts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and lessthan 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible pointthroughout

33、 the range of motion of such parts.5.6.2 Disengagement from Table Support SurfaceScissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shallnot be permissible when an opening in the spaces describedbelow admits a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and less3Available from U.S. Government Printi

34、ng Office, N. Capital and H Streets, NW,Washington, DC 20401.F1235 182than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) in diameter at any accessible pointthroughout the range of motion that occurs during the testoutlined in 7.13.(1) between the edges of any rigid part of the product andthe test surface, or(2) between the e

35、dges of any two rigid parts on the productthat rotate about a common axis or fastening point.5.7 Exposed Coil SpringsAny exposed coil spring that isaccessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating aspace between coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater duringstatic load testing in accordan

36、ce with 7.6, shall be covered orotherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.5.8 OpeningsHoles or slots that extend entirely through awall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall alsoadmit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diame

37、ter rod. Holes or slots thatare between 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) andhave a wall thickness less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) but arelimited in depth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by anotherrigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 1).The product shallbe evaluated in all manufacture

38、rs recommended use positions.5.9 Labeling:5.9.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non paper) shall bepermanent when tested in accordance with 7.11.5.9.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surfaceof the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, woodburning, and so forth shall be perm

39、anent when tested inaccordance with 7.11.5.9.3 Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts whentested in accordance with 7.11.5.10 Protective ComponentsIf a child can grasp compo-nents between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, (such as caps,sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges

40、, points,or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040in. (1.00 mm) gap between the component and its adjacentparent component, such component shall not be removed whentested in accordance with 7.4.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Chair Drop TestThe chair shall permit subsequentte

41、sts and exhibit no mechanical hazards (sharp points, sharpedges, or small parts) when tested in accordance with 7.5.6.2 Static Load TestThe chair shall support a static load onthe seat without causing any hazardous conditions as identifiedwithin this specification when tested in accordance with 7.6.

42、6.3 Seat and Seat Back Disengagement TestThe seat backand seat shall remain fully attached to the frame of the chairwhen forces are applied in accordance with 7.7.6.4 Chair Bounce TestThe chair shall remain attached tothe standard test surface as described in 7.1.16 and allow nomovement greater than

43、 1 in. (25 mm) when forces are appliedin accordance with 7.8.6.5 Chair Pull/Push TestThe chair shall remain attachedto the standard test surface when tested in accordance with 7.9.6.6 Restraint Systems:6.6.1 A restraint system shall be provided to secure a childin the seated position in each of the

44、manufacturers recom-mended use positions.6.6.1.1 The restraint system shall include both waist andcrotch restraint. The crotch restraint shall be designed such thatits use is mandatory when the restraint system is in use.NOTE 1It should be noted that this test applies to all designs ofrestraining sy

45、stems, whether they be of the traditional “active” or of the“passive” type.6.6.2 The restraint system and its closing means (forexample, buckle) shall not break, separate or permit removal ofthe CAMI test dummy (see Fig. 2) from the chair when testedin accordance with 7.10.6.6.2.1 If during the test

46、s in 7.10 the posterior of the testdummy, with the force applied, is pulled past the front edge ofthe seat, the dummy shall be considered removed.6.6.2.2 After the tests in 7.10.6 and 7.10.7, the CAMIdummy shall not be fully released.6.6.3 The waist restraint shall be capable of adjustment witha pos

47、itive self-locking mechanism that is capable, whenlocked, of withstanding the forces of tests in 7.10 withoutallowing restraint movement or slippage of more than 1 in. (25mm).6.6.4 A connecting means and adjustment means for thewaist restraint shall be capable of usage independent of oneanother. The

48、 connecting means shall not be an adjustmentmeans, but may have one integrally attached to it.6.6.5 Before shipment, the restraining system must beattached to the chair in such a manner as to not becomedetached through normal use. For chairs requiring consumerassembly, buckles must be completely thr

49、eaded and the re-straining system must be attached to a component that wouldrender the chair unusable if not properly assembled.6.7 Openings and Passive Crotch Restraint System:NOTE 2A passive crotch restraint required by this section does notmeet the restraint system requirement of 6.6.1.1, which requires a crotchrestraint as part of the restraint system.6.7.1 The hook-on chair shall have a passive crotch restraintthat meets the following:6.7.1.1 The passive crotch restraint shall be installed on theproduct at the time of shipment in a manner such