ASTM F118-2004 Standard Definitions of Terms Relating to Gaskets《与垫圈有关的术语的标准定义》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 118 04Standard Definitions of Terms Relating toGaskets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 118; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses ind

2、icates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology, relateddefinitions, and descriptions of terms used in the gasketindustry. Included terms are those used to defin

3、e materials,testing technology, and testing results related to gaskets.2. Terminologyadhesionthe measurable attraction or bonding of a gasketmaterial to a surface after the application of temperature, orcompressive stress, or both. F 607annulusa cut gasket shape consisting of two concentriccircles o

4、f known geometry.bindera component of certain gasket materials, which so-lidifies the structure, imparts uniform adhesion to surfaces,and has an impact on the pore structure.blowout, gasketthe sudden release of internal pressure by agasket sealing a flange with a given stress applied. Theinternal pr

5、essure needed to create a blowout is also known asthe blowout pressure. F 434classificationa means of specifying categories of gasketmaterials according to composition and physical character-istics. F 104combustiblescomponents of gasket material which are loston ignition at a given temperature. F 49

6、5compressed thicknessthe measured thickness of a gasketmaterial with a known compressive stress pressibilityin compressibility/recovery testing of gasketmaterials, the difference between the specimen thicknessunder preload and thickness under total load, divided by thethickness under preload, expres

7、sed as a percent. F 36,F 806compressive strength/crush extrusion resistancemaximum compressive stress before crush occurs at aspecified temperature without regard for leakage. F 1574compressive yieldthe point which the slope of the relation-ship between applied stress and deformation of a gasketmate

8、rial changes. F 1574creepa transient stress-strain condition in which the strainincreases as the stress remains constant. (This condition isapproached in flat-face gasketing joints in which the boltundergoes a high elongation relative to any creep that mighttake place in the gasket.) F38creep relaxa

9、tiona transient stress-strain condition in whichthe strain increases concurrently with the decay of stress.(This is the most common condition existing in flat-facegasketing assemblies in which the bolt exhibits a relativelylarge amount of elongation.) F38cross-sectional areathe area of a gasket spec

10、imen defined asthe width times the thickness.deflectiongasket material deformation in the 9thicknessdirection9 caused by the application of stress. F 1276deformationthe percentage by which a gasket material isdeformed under stress or after the application of stress.F 1574densitythe mass per unit vol

11、ume for a given gasket materialmeasured under defined conditions. F 1315description/line call outan alphanumeric term used todefine the composition and physical properties of a gasketmaterial. F 104, F 868disintegrationthe process by which a gasket material breaksup into components or fragments afte

12、r exposure to a givenfluid and/or environment. F 148durabilitythe resistance to disintegration of a gasket mate-rial after exposure to a given fluid and/or environment.F 148flangethe members of a gasketed joint that compress thegasket.flange distortiondeviation of a contact surface from aperfect pla

13、ne.flanged jointsee gasketed joint, which is a preferred term.flat faced jointa joint or flange with no raised contactsurface.flexibilitythe ratio of mandrel size a gasket material can bebent 180 degrees around without cracking to the thickness ofsaid gasket material. F 147fluida gas or liquid used

14、for immersion and sealabilitytesting of gasket materials. F 37, F 146gasketa material that may be clamped between faces andacts as a static seal. Gaskets are cut, formed, or molded intothe desired configuration. They may consist of any of thefollowing constructions:(a) One or more plies of a sheet m

15、aterial;1These definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 onGaskets and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.94 on Terminology.Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as F 118 97.1Co

16、pyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(b) Composites of dissimilar materials; and(c) Materials applied as a bead or other form to one or bothmating faces prior to assembly.gasketed jointthe collective total of all members used

17、 toeffect a gasketed seal between two separate items.leakthe passage of matter through interfacial openings orpassageways, or both, in or around the gasket.leakagethe rate at which fluid escapes from a gasketed joint.linear dimensional stabilitythe degree to which a gasketmaterial maintains its orig

18、inal size in the x-y plane afterexposure to specific conditions.maintenance factor, mthe factor that provides the additionalpreload capability in the flange fasteners to maintain sealingpressure on a gasket after internal pressure is applied to thejoint.manometera device used to measure pressure in

19、a closedsystem. It may be used to measure leakage of fluids throughgasketed joints.peak loadthe highest stress a gasket material can resistbefore tensile failure. F 152recoveryin compressibility/recovery testing of gasket mate-rials, the difference between the specimen recovered thick-ness and thick

20、ness under total load, divided by the differencebetween the thickness under preload and thickness undertotal load, expressed as a percent.resiliencyin compressibility/recovery testing of gasket ma-terials, the difference between the specimen recovered thick-ness and thickness under total load, divid

21、ed by the thicknessunder total load, expressed as a percent.sealabilitythe measure of leak rate a gasket material has fora given gasket geometry, fluid with applied internal pressure,and applied flange pressure. Typically reported as a volumeor mass of fluid loss for a given time period and used asm

22、eans of comparison. F37strainthe deformation of a gasket specimen under the actionof applied force or stress.stressThe force per unit area applied to a gasket material.stress relaxationa transient stress-strain condition in whichthe stress decays as the strain remains constant. (Thiscondition is enc

23、ountered in grooved-face gasketing joints inwhich metal-to-metal contact occurs. This condition is alsoapproached in flat-face gasketing joints when the bolt ispractically infinitely rigid.)tensile strengththe maximum tensile stress applied duringstretching a specimen to rupture. F 152tensile stress

24、the applied force per unit on original cross-sectional area of a specimen. F 152torque bolta calibrated bolt made of a defined alloy thatcontains a pin mechanism which allows the user to measurebolt stretch using a relaxometer. F 38, F 1276yield factor (minimum design seating stress, y)the factortha

25、t represents the pressure in megapascals (or pounds-forceper square inch) over the contact area of the gasket that isrequired to provide a sealed joint, with no internal pressurein the joint.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with

26、 any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible techni

27、cal committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideratio

28、n at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb

29、or Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F118042