ASTM E2124-2001 Standard Practice for the Specification for Equipment and Supplies in Sexual Assault Investigations《性侵犯调查中设备规范和提供的标准实施规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: E 2124 01Standard Practice forthe Specification for Equipment and Supplies in SexualAssault Investigations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2124; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the

2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These specifications describe the basic instruments usedfor the medical-legal examination of victims and/or

3、suspects insexual assault investigations. These specifications are designedto be used in conjunction with other specifications, guides, andpractices associated with sexual assault examinations that arelisted in Section 2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 1732 Terminology Relating to Forens

4、ic Science2E 1843 Guide for Sexual Assault Investigation, Examina-tion, and Evidence Collection2E 2057 Specification for the Preparation of LaboratoryAnalysis Requests in Sexual Assault Investigations2E 2123 Practice for the Transmittal of Evidence in SexualAssault Investigations23. Summary of Pract

5、ice3.1 These specifications outline considerations when choos-ing equipment to be used in the medical-legal examination ofsexual assaults. The types of equipment listed should beincluded in any examination facility. Considerations for choos-ing a variation or optional equipment are also given.4. Ins

6、trumentation and Supplies4.1 The following instrumentation should be available atexamining facilities where sexual assault cases are received:4.1.1 SpeculumThe speculum is used to view the vaginalwalls and cervix. Clear plastic disposable specula are preferredbecause they allow the examiner to see t

7、hrough them andvisualize the vaginal walls. Metal specula do not allow thisvisibility and also may reflect light when taking photographs.Speculum illuminators which attach to the handle should beconsidered as an aid (as they assist) in visualizing the vaginalwalls and cervical area.4.1.2 ColposcopeT

8、he colposcope is used to magnify andprovide increased visibility, especially in the vaginal areawhere structures include many folds and grooves of tissue. Theexaminer must deliberately examine each structure to deter-mine the presence or absence of injury and/or foreign material.The use of colposcop

9、y has been shown to be critical in bothpediatric and adult sexual assault examinations.4.1.2.1 There are several varieties of colposcopes manufac-tured and each program should review numerous types toascertain the best instrument for their facility in view ofexisting equipment and physical layout of

10、 the examinationenvironment.4.1.2.2 The colposcope should have photographic capabil-ity, either with a 35mm camera attached or with videophotography and print capacity.4.1.2.2.1 Appropriate film and/or other supplies necessaryfor the type of photographic instrument must also be main-tained.4.1.2.2.2

11、 A good 35mm camera is considered the standardin this area, although larger negative format cameras may beused.4.1.2.2.3 Cameras incapable of close-up photography, dis-posable cameras, and/or cameras that produce “instant” pho-tographs are generally not of sufficient quality to warrantconsideration.

12、4.1.3 Alternate Light SourcesAlternate light sources as-sist in the location, documentation and collection of driedstains, foreign debris, and subclinical bruising. The ultravioletlight (Woods lamp) is most often used and is considered basicequipment in a sexual assault physical examination.4.1.3.1

13、Recently, alternate light sources specifically de-signed for use in criminal investigation activities have beendeveloped and have the capability of illuminating surfacesunder variable wavelength settings which can help in locatinga greater variety of stains and are valuable in locating subclini-cal

14、bruising and establishing patterns of injury.4.1.4 AnoscopeWhen the examiner needs more than anexternal examination of the anorectal area, a clear plasticdisposable anoscope should be available.4.1.5 Otoscope and OpthalmoscopeThese instruments areuseful to determine whether injury to the ear(s) and/

15、or eye(s)have occurred.4.1.5.1 Disposable shields should be used to prevent cross-contamination.4.1.5.2 The otoscope may also be helpful in examiningother cavities, such as the oropharynx.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on ForensicSciences and is the direct responsibil

16、ity of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2001. Published March 2001.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.6 MicroscopeLocal evidentiary procedures may callfor the exa

17、miner to observe wet mount slides prepared from avaginal swab to determine and record the presence and motilityof spermatozoa. A standard microscope can be used for thispurpose.4.1.6.1 A light-staining microscope, which is especiallyuseful in the identification of spermatozoa as sharply con-trasted

18、in yellow against a purple background, may be consid-ered, especially in those facilities where sexual assault casesare frequently seen.4.1.6.1.1 A variety of photographic attachments are alsoavailable with light-staining microscopes and should be con-sidered when procuring the instrumentation.4.1.7

19、 Swab DryerThe examination area should containitems necessary to allow adequate air drying time in a securearea before packaging, which helps reduce degradation ofsamples. Swab dryers are available commercially or can bebuilt to the specifications of an individual examination setting.4.1.8 Examinati

20、on LightThe best quality examinationlight available should be obtained, preferably with a halogenlight source.4.1.9 Overhead LightingOverhead lights such as “day-light” fluorescent bulbs that give good skin tone illuminationshould be used, for improved observation as well as accuratephotography.4.1.

21、10 ScaleA balance beam scale should be available toaccurately measure the height and weight of the examinee.4.1.11 Trays and TablesCounter space, trays and tablesshould be adequate and at proper height to facilitate usingequipment during examinations. These surfaces should meethospital standards for

22、 cleanliness.4.1.12 Other InstrumentsStethoscope, sphygmomanom-eter, thermometer, and surface measuring devices should beeasily available.4.2 SuppliesIn addition to those supplies included withthe instrumentation described above in 4.1, disposable supplieslisted in Table 1 should be available during

23、 sexual assaultexaminations.4.2.1 A list of medical equipment and supplies is providedin Table 1.TABLE 1 Medical Equipment and SuppliesMedical EquipmentSpec illuminator lightIlluminator replacement bulbHalogen exam lightBalance beam scaleOverbed tableOtoscopeRechargeable handle for otoSphygmo, anero

24、idMedical SuppliesEmesis basin, 9”Temp-a-dot, F.3cc, 21Gxl,12 Syringe20 cc Syringe w/o needle, monojectSharps cont. lqtFoley, 5cc, 18FrExam gloves, latex unisive, no powderNon-sterile 2x2Non-sterile, 4x4Paper tape, 1” w/dispenserPVP iodine scrub, 1 stick/pakExam gownSlippers, MSlippers, LFt. drapesH

25、ead towels, blueWashclothes, dispo, non-scrimProcto apps. 16”Surgilube 5g tubeTongue depressors, non-sterileCotton-tipped applicators, sterile 6”Otoscope speculaVag spec smallVag spec medAnoscopeVacutainer, 7ml, lavender EDTAVacutainer needles, 21Gx 1”Vacutainer holdersVacutainer winged collection s

26、ets, 21Gx34”Calgiswab type 4, sterile 1sTable paper, 18” crepe5. Keywords5.1 instrumentation; investigation; sexual assault; suppliesThe American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this sta

27、ndard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be revi

28、ewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical c

29、ommittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make yourviews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org).E 21242