ASTM D8126-2017 7500 Standard Test Method for Efficient Basicity Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration《电位滴定法测定高效碱度的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D8126 17Standard Test Method forEfficient Basicity Determination by PotentiometricHydrochloric Acid Titration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determina-tion of the efficient basicity (EBas) in new marine c
3、ylinderlubricants that lubricate the upper part, that is, piston-ring-cylinder area, of two-stroke marine engines.1.2 This test method has been developed for marine cylinderlubricants, having base number (BN) (measured by TestMethod D2896) from 20 mg KOH/g to 100 mg KOHg, and anEBas from 10 mg KOH/g
4、 to 36 mg KOH/g.1.3 In this test method, only the efficient basicity isdetermined, corresponding to the components or part of com-ponents that have a major role in neutralization of the acidicspecies formed in the combustion of the fuel in the marineengine. It differentiates between the fastest reac
5、ting species andthe last one to react like overbasing compounds in detergent(classically mineral calcium carbonate, CaCO3). The valuesobtained, however, are intended to be compared with the othervalues obtained by this test method only; base numbersobtained by this test method are not intended to be
6、 equal tovalues by other test methods.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the u
7、ser of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specifichazards statements are given in Sections 6 and 7.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recogniz
8、ed principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for
9、Reagent WaterD2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Perchloric Acid TitrationD4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination byPotentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum
10、Products andLubricants3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 base number, nthe quantity of a specified acid,expressed in terms of the equivalent number of milligrams ofpotassium hydroxide per gram of sample, required to titrate asample in a specified solvent to a specified endpoint using aspecified det
11、ection system.3.1.2 effcient basicity, EBas, nthe quantity of hydrochlo-ric acid, expressed in terms of the equivalent number ofmilligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample, re-quired to neutralize the basic components, which are organicspecies, of the tested lubricant in a specified solvent
12、 to aspecified buffer endpoint using a specified detection system.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture of toluene,propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol), chloroform, and a smallamount of water and titrated potentiometrically with alcoholichydrochloric acid solution. The test re
13、sults of this procedureare obtained by titration mode of fixed increment and fixedtime additions of the titrant. An endpoint is selected from atitration curve according to the criteria given in Section 12 andused to calculate the EBas.5. Significance and Use5.1 Lubricants can contain basic constitue
14、nts that are pres-ent as additives. The relative amount of these materials can be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.Curr
15、ent edition approved July 1, 2017. Published September 2017. DOI:10.1520/D8126-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary pag
16、e onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for th
17、eDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1determined by titration with acids. The base number is ameasurement of the amount of basic substances in the oil underthe conditions of the testing
18、procedure.5.2 Aprimary objective of a marine cylinder lubricant is theneutralization of sulfuric acid, produced during fuelcombustion, to protect the engine from corrosion. The EBasmethod characterizes the more efficient basic species of thelubricant reacting with acids from the beginning of the neu
19、-tralization (when the lubricant milieu is basic) until an equi-librium state where the lubricant becomes slightly acidic. Theuse of hydrochloric acid (HCl) allows differentiating basicitiesof various strengths during titration.5.3 In marine lubricants, the constituents that can be con-sidered to ha
20、ve basic properties are primarily organic andinorganic bases coming from the detergent. Basicity can alsobe brought to the lubricant by other components includingdispersants, amino compounds, or any organic basic compo-nents. This test method uses the same titration system as that ofTest Method D473
21、9, however the evaluation and interpretationof the titration result is different. The hydrochloric acid is usedas the titrant in this test method and Test Method D4739,whereas Test Method D2896 uses a stronger acid, perchloricacid. While all three methods can be considered as comple-mentary to evalu
22、ate the basicity of lubricants, this test methodis only used for marine cylinder lubricants.5.4 This test method measures only the efficient basicity ofthe lubricant, which represents only the part of the totalbasicity, until the point of which the lubricant becomes slightlyacidic. It will depend on
23、 the components of the formulationitself. In that respect, the EBas cannot be compared to basenumber given by Test Methods D4739 or D2896. The EBas isthen complementary information to the base number, givingperformance in efficiency of neutralization of acidic species.6. Apparatus6.1 Potentiometric
24、Titration, automatic or manual, withcapability of adding fixed increments of titrant at fixed timeintervals (see Annex A1).6.1.1 The titrimeter must automatically (or manually) con-trol the rate of addition of titrant as follows: Delivery of titrantwill be incremental; after delivery of precisely a
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