ASTM D5220-2008 Standard Test Method for Water Mass per Unit Volume of Soil and Rock In-Place by the Neutron Depth Probe Method《用中子深探针法对地表土壤和岩石中单位体积含水量的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D5220-2008 Standard Test Method for Water Mass per Unit Volume of Soil and Rock In-Place by the Neutron Depth Probe Method《用中子深探针法对地表土壤和岩石中单位体积含水量的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D5220-2008 Standard Test Method for Water Mass per Unit Volume of Soil and Rock In-Place by the Neutron Depth Probe Method《用中子深探针法对地表土壤和岩石中单位体积含水量的标准试验方法》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 5220 08Standard Test Method forWater Mass per Unit Volume of Soil and Rock In-Place bythe Neutron Depth Probe Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5220; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the calculation of the watermass per unit volume of soil and rock by the
3、rmalization orslowing of fast neutrons where the neutron source and thethermal neutron detector are placed at the desired depth in thebored hole lined by an access tube (see Note 3).1.1.1 For limitations see Section 6 on Interferences.1.2 The water mass per unit volume, expressed as mass perunit vol
4、ume of the material under test, is calculated bycomparing the thermal neutron count rate with previouslyestablished calibration data (see Annex A1).1.3 A precision statement has not been developed for thisstandard at this time. Therefore, this standard should not beused for acceptance or rejection o
5、f a material for purchasingpurposes unless correlated to other accepted ASTM methods.1.4 The values expressed in SI units are regarded as thestandard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses may beapproximate and are provided for information only.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall confor
6、m to theguide for significant digits and rounding established in PracticeD 6026.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected,recorded, and calculated in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard. In addition, they are representative of thesignificant digits that should genera
7、lly be retained. The proce-dures used do not consider material variation, purpose forobtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-ations for the users objectives; and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considera
8、tions. It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analysismethods for engineering design.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appr
9、o-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards aregiven in Section 8.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 1452 Practice for Soil Investigation and Samp
10、ling byAuger BoringsD 1586 Test Method for Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of SoilsD 1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soilsfor Geotechnical PurposesD2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling ofRock for Site InvestigationD 2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determ
11、ination of Wa-ter (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by MassD 2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by theDrive-Cylinder MethodD 3550 Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel,Drive Sampling of SoilsD 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspe
12、ction of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 4428/D 4428M Test Methods for Crosshole Seismic Test-ingD 5195 Test Method for Density of Soil and Rock In-Placeat Depths Below Surface by Nuclear MethodsD 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechni-cal DataD 6938 Tes
13、t Method for In-Place Density and Water Con-tent of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods(Shallow Depth)1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current editi
14、on approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 5220 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informat
15、ion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 See Terminology D 653 for genera
16、l definitions.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 detectora device to detect and measure radiation.3.2.2 dry densitysame as density of dry soil or rock (asdefined in Terminology D 653); the mass of solid particles perthe total volume of soil or rock.3.2.3 neutron probea cylindri
17、cal device containing a fastneutron source and a thermal neutron detector.3.2.4 neutron (radiation) sourcea sealed source of radio-active material that emits neutron radiation as it decays.3.2.5 thermalizationthe process of “slowing down” fastneutrons by collisions with light-weight atoms, such as h
18、ydro-gen.3.2.6 volumetric water contentthe volume of water as apercent of the total volume of soil or rock material.3.2.7 water contentthe ratio of the mass of water con-tained in the pore spaces of soil or soil-aggregate, to the solidmass of particles in that material, expressed as a percentage(thi
19、s is sometimes referred to in some scientific fields asgravimetric water content to differentiate it from volumetricwater content).3.2.8 wet densitysame as bulk density (as defined inTerminology D 653); the total mass (solids plus water) per totalvolume.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method
20、uses thermalization of neutron radia-tion to calculate the in-place water mass per unit volume of soiland rock at various depths by placing a probe containing aneutron source and a thermal neutron detector at desired depthsin a bored hole lined by an access tube as opposed to surfacemeasurements in
21、accordance with Test Method D 6938.4.2 Neutrons emitted by the source are thermalized (slowed)by collisions with materials of low atomic numbers. Hydrog-enous materials, such as water and other compounds contain-ing hydrogen, are most effective in thermalizing neutrons. Inthis apparatus the neutrons
22、 thermalized by the material undertest are detected by the thermal neutron detector.4.3 In the absence of interference elements as discussed inSection 6, the number of thermalized neutrons is a function ofthe hydrogen content of the material under test and the watercontent is proportional to the hyd
23、rogen content.4.4 By the use of a calibration process the water mass perunit volume is calculated by correlating the count rate toknown water mass per unit volume values.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is useful as a rapid, nondestructivetechnique for the calculation of the in-place wate
24、r mass per unitvolume of soil and rock at desired depths below the surface.5.2 This test method is useful for informational and researchpurposes. It should only be used for quality control andacceptance testing when correlated to actual water mass perunit volume using procedures and methods describe
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