ASTM D97-2017b Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products《石油产品倾点的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D97 17aD97 17bDesignation: 15/95Standard Test Method forPour Point of Petroleum Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D97; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers and is intended for use
3、 on any petroleum product.2 A procedure suitable for black specimens,cylinder stock, and nondistillate fuel oil is described in 8.8. The cloud point procedure formerly part of this test method nowappears as Test Method D2500.1.2 Currently there is no ASTM test method for automated Test Method D97 po
4、ur point measurements.1.3 Several ASTM test methods offering alternative procedures for determining pour points using automatic apparatus areavailable. None of them share the same designation number asTest Method D97.When an automatic instrument is used, theASTMtest method designation number specifi
5、c to the technique shall be reported with the results. A procedure for testing the pour pointof crude oils is described in Test Method D5853.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 WARNINGMercury has been desig
6、nated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause centralnervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Cautionshould be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable prod
7、uct Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS) for details and EPAs websitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be awarethat selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.1.6 This standard does not purport to address
8、 all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance wi
9、th internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:
10、3D117 Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum OriginD396 Specification for Fuel OilsD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid FuelsD5853 Test Method for Pour Point of Crude OilsD6300 Practice for Determination of Preci
11、sion and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and LubricantsD7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measurement DriftE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance
12、Thermometers1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved May 15, 2017Dec. 15, 2017. Published May 2017January 2018. Originally a
13、pproved in 1927, replacing D47. Last previous edition approvedin 2017 as D97 17.D97 17a. DOI: 10.1520/D0097-17A.10.1520/D0097-17B.In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee. This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP Standard in 1965.2 Statements defi
14、ning this test and its significance when applied to electrical insulating oils of mineral origin will be found in Guide D117.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, r
15、efer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all
16、changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100
17、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance ThermometersE2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers2.2 Energy Institute Standards:4Specifications for IP Standard Thermometers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1
18、.1 black oil, nlubricant containing asphaltic materials. Black oils are used in heavy-duty equipment applications, such asmining and quarrying, where extra adhesiveness is desired.3.1.2 cylinder stock, nlubricant for independently lubricated engine cylinders, such as those of steam engines and airco
19、mpressors. Cylinder stock are also used for lubrication of valves and other elements in the cylinder area.3.1.3 digital contact thermometer (DCT), nan electronic device consisting of a digital display and associated temperaturesensing probe.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThis device consists of a temperature sen
20、sor connected to a measuring instrument; this instrument measures the temperature-dependent quantity of the sensor, computes the temperature from the measured quantity, and provides a digital output. This digitaloutput goes to a digital display and/or recording device that may be internal or externa
21、l to the device. These devices are sometimesreferred to as “digital thermometers.”3.1.3.2 DiscussionPET is an acronym for portable electronic thermometers, a subset of digital contact thermometers (DCT).3.1.4 pour point, nin petroleum products, the lowest temperature at which movement of the test sp
22、ecimen is observed underprescribed conditions of test.3.1.5 residual fuel, na liquid fuel containing bottoms remaining from crude distillation or thermal cracking; sometimesreferred to as heavy fuel oil.3.1.5.1 DiscussionResidual fuels comprise Grades 4, 5, and 6 fuel oils, as defined in Specificati
23、on D396.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 After preliminary heating, the sample is cooled at a specified rate and examined at intervals of 3 C for flow characteristics.The lowest temperature at which movement of the specimen is observed is recorded as the pour point.5. Significance and Use5.1 The pour po
24、int of a petroleum specimen is an index of the lowest temperature of its utility for certain applications.6. Apparatus6.1 Test Jar, cylindrical, of clear glass, flat bottom, 33.2 mm to 34.8 mm outside diameter, and 115 mm to 125 mm in height.The inside diameter of the jar can range from 30.0 mm to 3
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