ASTM C1713-2015 Standard Specification for Mortars for the Repair of Historic Masonry《古迹砌体修复用灰浆的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1713 12C1713 15Standard Specification forMortars for the Repair of Historic Masonry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1713; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers mortar for the repair of masonry that was constructed with methods and materials that pre-date theoriginat

3、ion of current standards of construction that are compatible with it. The mortar may be used for non-structural purposessuch as repointing of the masonry, or for structural purposes such as, but not restricted to, re-construction or repair of mortar jointsthat contribute to the structural integrity

4、of the masonry.1.2 Masonry includes the following units laid in mortar: (1) cast stone, (2) clay masonry unitsbrick and clay tile, (3) concretemasonry units, (4) natural stone, and (5) terra cotta.1.3 This specification may be used to pre-qualify mortar for a project.1.4 Mortars tested using this sp

5、ecification are laboratory-prepared mortars and do not represent in-place, site mortars.1.5 Use of this specification should be based on a thorough understanding of the function, maintenance, and repair requirementsfor the preservation and continued performance of the masonry in the context of the b

6、uilding structure and long-term performance.The user of this specification is responsible for examining all criteria and selecting the appropriate mortar formulation andproperties required.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are m

7、athematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety an

8、d health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C5 Specification for Quicklime for Structural PurposesC10 Specification for Natural CementC61 Specification for Gypsum Keenes CementC91 Specification for Masonry Cement

9、C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime, Hydrated Lime, and LimestoneC136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse AggregatesC141 Specification for Hydraulic Hydrated

10、 Lime for Structural PurposesC144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry MortarC150 Specification for Portland CementC207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry PurposesC216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Mason

11、ryC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C12.03on Specifications for Mortars.Current

12、edition approved June 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2015. Published July 2012January 2016. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 asC1713 11.C1713 12. DOI: 10.1520/C171312.10.1520/C171315.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer S

13、ervice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the prev

14、ious version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM In

15、ternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC780 Test Me

16、thod for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit MasonryC948 Test Method for Dry and Wet Bulk Density, Water Absorption, and Apparent Porosity of Thin Sections of Glass-FiberReinforced ConcreteC979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concret

17、eC1072 Test Methods for Measurement of Masonry Flexural Bond StrengthC1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for MasonryC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementC1180 Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit MasonryC1329 Specification for Mortar CementC1357 Test Methods for E

18、valuating Masonry Bond StrengthC1384 Specification for Admixtures for Masonry MortarsC1400 Guide for Reduction of Efflorescence Potential in New Masonry WallsC1403 Test Method for Rate of Water Absorption of Masonry MortarsC1489 Specification for Lime Putty for Structural PurposesC1506 Test Method f

19、or Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and PlastersC1707 Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for Structural PurposesE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of MaterialsE2260 Guide for Repointing (Tuckpointing) Historic Masonry3. Terminology3.1 The terms used in this

20、specification are identified in Terminology C1180.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aggregate, nmaterial as defined in Terminology C1180, but limited to the material groups listed under Section 4 of thisspecification.3.2.2 binder, nmaterial as defined in Terminology C1180, but

21、 limited to the cementitious material groups listed under Section4 of this specification to be mixed with potable water.3.2.3 curing, nprocess by which a mortar gains its long-term, final-state properties.3.2.4 curing time (CT), nnumber of days in which a hardened state sample is cured before testin

22、g.3.2.5 historic masonry, nmasonry that may have been constructed with methods and materials that pre-date the originationof current standards.3.3 Properties, as determined by Section 8 of this specification:3.3.1 absorption rate (AR), na measure of the hardened mortars ability to absorb water from

23、a dry condition, measured asthe initial flow of water into the mortar, as defined under Test Method C1403 and evaluated at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.2 air content, ncumulative volume of air in a mortar, as a percentage of the total volume of mortar in its plastic state.3.3.3 flexural bond s

24、trength (FBS), nmaximum flexural tensile stress that causes failure of the bond between the mortar andmasonry unit in a tested assembly at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.4 maximum compressive strength (Fcmx), nupper allowable limit on the ultimate strength of a hardened mortar samplesubjected to

25、 compression measured as force per unit area at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.5 minimum compressive strength (Fc), nlower allowable limit on the ultimate strength of a hardened mortar samplesubjected to compression measured as force per unit area at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.6 total po

26、rosity, nvolume percentage of all pores or void space in the mortar at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.7 water retention, nas defined in Terminology C1180. Test shall be conducted on a sample in its plastic state.3.3.8 water vapor permeability (WVP), nability of a mortar to pass water through it

27、in vapor form at the specified curing time(CT).4. Constituent Materials4.1 Binder Materials shall be classified into the following groups:4.1.1 Group LLime (non-hydraulic) shall conform to the following specifications:4.1.1.1 Hydrated Lime shall conform to Specification C207, Types S or SA. Types N

28、and NA hydrated limes are permitted ifsoaked or shown by test or performance record to be not detrimental to the mortar.4.1.1.2 Lime putty shall conform to Specification C1489.NOTE 1Specification C5, Appendix 1, may be used, and the resulting putty should meet the requirements of Specification C1489

29、.4.1.2 Group HLHydraulic Lime shall conform to the following specifications:C1713 1524.1.2.1 Hydraulic Hydrated Limeshall conform to Specification C141.4.1.2.2 Pozzolanic Hydraulic Limeshall comformconform to Specification C1707.4.1.3 Group HCHydraulic Cements shall conform to the following specific

30、ations:4.1.3.1 Blended Hydraulic Cementshall conform to Specification C595.NOTE 2Blended hydraulic cement may not be appropriate for structures built before the second half of the 20th century.4.1.3.2 Performance Hydraulic Cementshall conform to Specification C1157.NOTE 3Performance hydraulic cement

31、 may not be appropriate for structures built before the second half of the 20th century.4.1.3.3 Masonry Cementshall conform to Specification C91.4.1.3.4 Mortar Cementshall conform to Specification C1329.4.1.3.5 Natural Cementshall conform to Specification C10.4.1.3.6 Portland Cementshall conform to

32、Specification C150.NOTE 4For interior gypsum mortar based systems requiring gypsum cement refer to Specification C61 and consult with the product manufacturerregarding exposure suitability.4.2 AggregatesAggregate shall conform to Specification C144. Aggregates that conform to all aspects of Specific

33、ation C144except for the gradation limits are permitted if demonstrated by their history of performance under equivalent conditions andmortar formulation to be non-detrimental to the mortar. To determine aggregate gradation, use Test Method C136.NOTE 5The need to aesthetically match the color and te

34、xture of an existing mortar may be justification for deviating from the gradation limits ofSpecification C144.4.3 WaterWater shall be clean and free of oils, acids, alkalies, salts, organic materials, or other substances that are deleteriousto mortar or any metal used in the masonry.4.4 Admixtures:4

35、.4.1 Admixturesshall meet the requirements of Specification C1384. Calcium chloride is not permitted. Other admixtures thatare outside the scope of Specification C1384 are permitted if they contain no more than 0.3 % water-soluble alkali and ifdemonstrated by their history of performance under equiv

36、alent conditions and mortar formulation to be non-detrimental to themortar and items in contact.4.4.2 PigmentsPigments shall meet the requirements of Specification C979. Pigments which are not described bySpecification C979 are permitted if demonstrated by their history of performance under equivale

37、nt conditions and mortarformulation to be non-detrimental to the mortar. Pigment addition shall not exceed 10 % by weight of the binder materials exceptfor carbon black which is limited to 2 % unless otherwise demonstrated by history of performance under equivalent conditions andmortar formulation t

38、o be non-detrimental to the mortar.5. Mortar Proportioning5.1 Binder/Aggregate Ratio:5.1.1 Combine the mortars in volume ratios of 1 part total binder materials to 2 to 312 parts aggregate.5.1.2 Mortars specified outside volume ratios of 1 part total binder materials to 2 to 312 parts aggregate shal

39、l be permitted ifshown by history of use or by mortar testing per this specification to be not detrimental to the mortar.NOTE 6Most common mortars have total binder to aggregate ratios of 1 part total cementitious materials to 212 to 3 part aggregate, whereas someearlier mortars may have ratios as h

40、igh as 1 to 1.5.2 Air Entraining BindersAir entraining binders shall not be used in combination with other air entraining binders or witha separate air entrainment admixture.6. Requirements6.1 Establishing Mortar Proportions:6.1.1 Specify mortars by (1) proportion specification, constituent material

41、s and their respective volume proportions, or (2)property specification, constituent materials (or proprietary products names) and required properties, in accordance with Table 1.6.1.1.1 Specifiers using the proportion specification shall select binder and aggregate proportions based upon an establi

42、shedhistory of performance or testing that documents satisfactory performance of the combinations and proportions specified, and inconformance with Section 5 of this specification.NOTE 7WVP of the mortar should be greater than that of the masonry units, and equal to or greater than that of the subst

43、rate mortar where present.NOTE 8Vapor permeability will generally decrease with increasing hydraulic constituents; however, aggregate gradation and admixtures can greatlyinfluence the value.7. Test Samples and Preparation7.1 Material ProportioningLaboratory mixed mortar specified by volume proportio

44、ns shall contain the mortar materials asindicated in the mortar specification. Volume proportions shall be converted to weights using the batch factor calculated as follows:7.1.1 Material Proportioning for Test Batches of Mortar:C1713 1537.1.1.1 Batch factor = 1440/ 1280 kg/m3 (bulk density of aggre

45、gate) times total aggregate volume proportion.NOTE 9A batch size using 1440 g of aggregate will typically result in enough mortar for water retention testing and one set of three 2-in. cubes forcompressive strength testing. Several batches with the same water to binder ratio may be necessary to comp

46、lete all tests.7.1.1.2 Oven dry and cool to room temperature all aggregate used for test mortars. Mortars preblended with aggregate requireno proportioning.7.1.2 Constituent materials shall have the bulk densities as noted in Table 2.7.2 Masonry Units for Use in Water Vapor Permeability and Bond Str

47、engthMasonry units shall be the actual masonry unitsto be used in the field, or if unavailable, a brick meeting Specification C216, Grade SW with absorption properties similar to thein-situ masonry units, if known.7.3 Mortar MixingMix the mortar in accordance with Practice C305 with the exception th

48、at for Group L and Group HLmortars and those combined mortars at or greater than 45 % lime by binder volume the initial mixing time is extended to 1 minand the resting time is extended to 1.5 min.TABLE 1 Specification RequirementsREQUIREMENT PROPORTION SPECIFICATION PROPERTY SPECIFICATIONWATER RETEN

49、TION (%)WATER RETENTION VALUE SHALL NOTBE LESS THAN 75 %.MANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR ALLMORTAR FORMULATIONS IN THEIRPLASTIC STATESMANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR ALLMORTAR FORMULATIONS IN THEIRPLASTIC STATESAIR CONTENT (%)WHEN AN AIR ENTRAINING ADMIXTUREIS USED, THE AIR CONTENT OF THE MORTAR SHALL NOTEXCEED 12 %, WITH THE EXCEPTIONS OF MORTARCEMENT WHICH SHALL NOT EXCEED 17 % AND MASONRYCEMENT MORTAR WHICH SHALL NOT EXCEED 21 %.MANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR ALLMORTAR FORMULATIONSMANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR ALLMORTAR FORMULATIONSCURING TI