ASTM C1713-2012 Standard Specification for Mortars for the Repair of Historic Masonry《古迹砌体修复用砂浆的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1713 12Standard Specification forMortars for the Repair of Historic Masonry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1713; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe

2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers mortar for the repair of ma-sonry that was constructed with methods and materials thatpre-date the origination of

3、current standards of constructionthat are compatible with it. The mortar may be used fornon-structural purposes such as repointing of the masonry, orfor structural purposes such as, but not restricted to, re-construction or repair of mortar joints that contribute to thestructural integrity of the ma

4、sonry.1.2 Masonry includes the following units laid in mortar: (1)cast stone, (2) clay masonry unitsbrick and clay tile, (3)concrete masonry units, (4) natural stone, and (5) terra cotta.1.3 This specification may be used to pre-qualify mortar fora project.1.4 Mortars tested using this specification

5、 are laboratory-prepared mortars and do not represent in-place, site mortars.1.5 Use of this specification should be based on a thoroughunderstanding of the function, maintenance, and repair require-ments for the preservation and continued performance of themasonry in the context of the building str

6、ucture and long-termperformance. The user of this specification is responsible forexamining all criteria and selecting the appropriate mortarformulation and properties required.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalco

7、nversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract

8、ices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C5 Specification for Quicklime for Structural PurposesC10 Specification for Natural CementC61 Specification for Gypsum Keenes CementC91 Specification for Masonry CementC109/C109M T

9、est Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime,Hydrated Lime, and LimestoneC136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC141 Specification for Hydraulic Hydrated Lime for Struc-

10、tural PurposesC144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry MortarC150 Specification for Portland CementC207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-posesC216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry UnitsMade from Clay or Shale)C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryC305 Practice

11、 for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC780 Test Method for Precon

12、struction and ConstructionEvaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced UnitMasonryC948 Test Method for Dry and Wet Bulk Density, WaterAbsorption, and Apparent Porosity of Thin Sections ofGlass-Fiber Reinforced ConcreteC979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Con-creteC1093 Practice f

13、or Accreditation of Testing Agencies forMasonryC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 onMortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee C12.03 on Specifications for Mortars.Current

14、edition approved June 1, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally approvedin 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1713 11. DOI: 10.1520/C171312.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMSt

15、andards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1180 Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit MasonryC1329 Specification for Mortar CementC13

16、57 Test Methods for Evaluating Masonry Bond StrengthC1384 Specification for Admixtures for Masonry MortarsC1400 Guide for Reduction of Efflorescence Potential inNew Masonry WallsC1403 Test Method for Rate of Water Absorption of Ma-sonry MortarsC1489 Specification for Lime Putty for Structural Purpos

17、esC1506 Test Method for Water Retention of HydraulicCement-Based Mortars and PlastersC1707 Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime forStructural PurposesE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsE2260 Guide for Repointing (Tuckpointing) Historic Ma-sonry3. Terminology3.1 The

18、terms used in this specification are identified inTerminology C1180.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aggregate, nmaterial as defined in TerminologyC1180, but limited to the material groups listed under Section4 of this specification.3.2.2 binder, nmaterial as defined in Termi

19、nology C1180,but limited to the cementitious material groups listed underSection 4 of this specification to be mixed with potable water.3.2.3 curing, nprocess by which a mortar gains its long-term, final-state properties.3.2.4 curing time (CT), nnumber of days in which ahardened state sample is cure

20、d before testing.3.2.5 historic masonry, nmasonry that may have beenconstructed with methods and materials that pre-date theorigination of current standards.3.3 Properties, as determined by Section 8 of this specifi-cation:3.3.1 absorption rate (AR), na measure of the hardenedmortars ability to abso

21、rb water from a dry condition, measuredas the initial flow of water into the mortar, as defined under TestMethod C1403 and evaluated at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.2 air content, ncumulative volume of air in a mortar,as a percentage of the total volume of mortar in its plastic state.3.3.3 fle

22、xural bond strength (FBS), nmaximum flexuraltensile stress that causes failure of the bond between the mortarand masonry unit in a tested assembly at the specified curingtime (CT).3.3.4 maximum compressive strength (Fcmx), nupper al-lowable limit on the ultimate strength of a hardened mortarsample s

23、ubjected to compression measured as force per unitarea at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.5 minimum compressive strength (Fc), nlower allow-able limit on the ultimate strength of a hardened mortar samplesubjected to compression measured as force per unit area at thespecified curing time (CT).3.3.

24、6 total porosity, nvolume percentage of all pores orvoid space in the mortar at the specified curing time (CT).3.3.7 water retention, nas defined in Terminology C1180.Test shall be conducted on a sample in its plastic state.3.3.8 water vapor permeability (WVP), nability of amortar to pass water thro

25、ugh it in vapor form at the specifiedcuring time (CT).4. Constituent Materials4.1 Binder Materials shall be classified into the followinggroups:4.1.1 Group LLime (non-hydraulic) shall conform to thefollowing specifications:4.1.1.1 Hydrated Lime shall conform to Specification C207,Types S or SA. Type

26、s N and NA hydrated limes are permittedif soaked or shown by test or performance record to be notdetrimental to the mortar.4.1.1.2 Lime putty shall conform to Specification C1489.NOTE 1Specification C5, Appendix 1, may be used, and the resultingputty should meet the requirements of Specification C14

27、89.4.1.2 Group HLHydraulic Lime shall conform to thefollowing specifications:4.1.2.1 Hydraulic Hydrated Limeshall conform to Speci-fication C141.4.1.2.2 Pozzolanic Hydraulic Limeshall comform toSpecification C1707.4.1.3 Group HCHydraulic Cements shall conform to thefollowing specifications:4.1.3.1 B

28、lended Hydraulic Cementshall conform to Speci-fication C595.NOTE 2Blended hydraulic cement may not be appropriate for struc-tures built before the second half of the 20th century.4.1.3.2 Performance Hydraulic Cementshall conform toSpecification C1157.NOTE 3Performance hydraulic cement may not be app

29、ropriate forstructures built before the second half of the 20th century.4.1.3.3 Masonry Cementshall conform to SpecificationC91.4.1.3.4 Mortar Cementshall conform to SpecificationC1329.4.1.3.5 Natural Cementshall conform to SpecificationC10.4.1.3.6 Portland Cementshall conform to SpecificationC150.N

30、OTE 4For interior gypsum mortar based systems requiring gypsumcement refer to Specification C61 and consult with the product manufac-turer regarding exposure suitability.4.2 AggregatesAggregate shall conform to SpecificationC144. Aggregates that conform to all aspects of SpecificationC144 except for

31、 the gradation limits are permitted if demon-strated by their history of performance under equivalentconditions and mortar formulation to be non-detrimental to themortar. To determine aggregate gradation, use Test MethodC136.NOTE 5The need to aesthetically match the color and texture of anexisting m

32、ortar may be justification for deviating from the gradation limitsof Specification C144.C1713 1224.3 WaterWater shall be clean and free of oils, acids,alkalies, salts, organic materials, or other substances that aredeleterious to mortar or any metal used in the masonry.4.4 Admixtures:4.4.1 Admixture

33、sshall meet the requirements of Specifi-cation C1384. Calcium chloride is not permitted. Other admix-tures that are outside the scope of Specification C1384 arepermitted if they contain no more than 0.3 % water-solublealkali and if demonstrated by their history of performanceunder equivalent conditi

34、ons and mortar formulation to benon-detrimental to the mortar and items in contact.4.4.2 PigmentsPigments shall meet the requirements ofSpecification C979. Pigments which are not described bySpecification C979 are permitted if demonstrated by theirhistory of performance under equivalent conditions a

35、nd mortarformulation to be non-detrimental to the mortar. Pigmentaddition shall not exceed 10 % by weight of the bindermaterials except for carbon black which is limited to 2 %unless otherwise demonstrated by history of performanceunder equivalent conditions and mortar formulation to benon-detriment

36、al to the mortar.5. Mortar Proportioning5.1 Binder/Aggregate Ratio:5.1.1 Combine the mortars in volume ratios of 1 part totalbinder materials to 2 to 312 parts aggregate.5.1.2 Mortars specified outside volume ratios of 1 part totalbinder materials to 2 to 312 parts aggregate shall be permittedif sho

37、wn by history of use or by mortar testing per thisspecification to be not detrimental to the mortar.NOTE 6Most common mortars have total binder to aggregate ratios of1 part total cementitious materials to 212 to 3 part aggregate, whereassome earlier mortars may have ratios as high as 1 to 1.5.2 Air

38、Entraining BindersAir entraining binders shall notbe used in combination with other air entraining binders orwith a separate air entrainment admixture.6. Requirements6.1 Establishing Mortar Proportions:6.1.1 Specify mortars by (1) proportion specification, con-stituent materials and their respective

39、 volume proportions, or(2) property specification, constituent materials (or proprietaryproducts names) and required properties, in accordance withTable 1.6.1.1.1 Specifiers using the proportion specification shallselect binder and aggregate proportions based upon an estab-lished history of performa

40、nce or testing that documents satis-factory performance of the combinations and proportionsspecified, and in conformance with Section 5 of this specifi-cation.NOTE 7WVP of the mortar should be greater than that of the masonryunits, and equal to or greater than that of the substrate mortar whereprese

41、nt.NOTE 8Vapor permeability will generally decrease with increasinghydraulic constituents; however, aggregate gradation and admixtures cangreatly influence the value.7. Test Samples and Preparation7.1 Material ProportioningLaboratory mixed mortarspecified by volume proportions shall contain the mort

42、armaterials as indicated in the mortar specification. Volumeproportions shall be converted to weights using the batch factorcalculated as follows:7.1.1 Material Proportioning for Test Batches of Mortar:7.1.1.1 Batch factor = 1440/ 1280 kg/m3(bulk density ofaggregate) times total aggregate volume pro

43、portion.NOTE 9A batch size using 1440 g of aggregate will typically result inenough mortar for water retention testing and one set of three 2-in. cubesfor compressive strength testing. Several batches with the same water tobinder ratio may be necessary to complete all tests.7.1.1.2 Oven dry and cool

44、 to room temperature all aggregateused for test mortars. Mortars preblended with aggregaterequire no proportioning.7.1.2 Constituent materials shall have the bulk densities asnoted in Table 2.7.2 Masonry Units for Use in Water Vapor Permeability andBond StrengthMasonry units shall be the actual maso

45、nryunits to be used in the field, or if unavailable, a brick meetingSpecification C216, Grade SW with absorption propertiessimilar to the in-situ masonry units, if known.7.3 Mortar MixingMix the mortar in accordance withPractice C305 with the exception that for Group L and GroupHL mortars and those

46、combined mortars at or greater than45 % lime by binder volume the initial mixing time is extendedto 1 min and the resting time is extended to 1.5 min.NOTE 10These time extensions allow for the full wetting of themortar constituents.7.4 Test Sample Molding:7.4.1 For total porosity, absorption rate an

47、d compressivestrength testing, mold the 2-in. (50 mm) cubes in accordancewith Test Method C109/C109M, subsections on SpecimenMolds and Molding Test Specimens. For mortars to be used asunit bedding, add enough water to obtain flow of 110 6 5%.For mortars to be used as repointing mortars, add enough w

48、aterto obtain a Vicat Cone Penetrometer value (Test Method C780,Annex A1, Consistency by Cone Penetration Test Method) of15 mm 6 5%.7.4.2 For vapor transmission and bond strength testing moldthe samples according to Test Method C1357, with the excep-tion that for the vapor transmission the specimen

49、is two brick,and cheese cloth is to be used as a bond break, and mortar is tohave flow values of 120 6 5%. If the binder material toaggregate volume ratio has not been specified, use a value of1:3 binder to aggregate ratio measured by volume with sandmeeting Specification C144.7.5 Sample DemoldingTable 3 summarizes the demoldingtime required for different binder combinations.7.6 Specimen Storage and CuringThe storage and curingconditions in Table 3 shall be maintained both before and afterdemolding, for the duration of the specif