ASTM C1106-2000(2005) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Resistance and Physical Properties of Carbon Brick《碳砖物理特性及耐化学性的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: C 1106 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Methods forChemical Resistance and Physical Properties of CarbonBrick1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1106; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,

2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods are intended for use as short-termtests for evaluating the physical properties of car

3、bon brick andtheir chemical resistance at various temperatures in immersionservice. These test methods provide a means of determining thefollowing changes in the carbon brick specimen and the testmedia:1.1.1 Weight, appearance, and compressive strength of thecarbon brick specimen.1.1.2 Appearance of

4、 the test media before, during, and aftertesting of the carbon brick specimen.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values stated in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associa

5、ted with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 904 Terminology Relating to Chemical-Resistant Non-metalli

6、c MaterialsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods, see Terminology C 904.4. Significance and Use4.1 The results obtained by these test methods should serveas a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, the

7、 selection of achemical-resistant carbon brick for a particular application. Noattempt has been made to incorporate into these test methodsall the factors that may affect the performance of carbon brickwhen subjected to various actual service conditions.5. Apparatus5.1 Equipment, capable of weighing

8、 materials or specimensto 60.01 g accuracy.5.2 Micrometer or Vernier Caliper, having a range suitablefor measuring brick specimens to within 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).5.3 Masonry Saw, suitably equipped to permit wet cutting(water only) of carbon brick with a diamond edge blade.5.4 Constant-Temperature Ov

9、en or Liquid Bath, capable ofmaintaining temperature within a range of 64F (62C).5.5 Testing Machine, may be of any type of sufficientcapacity that will provide the rates of loading prescribed. Itshall have been documented to have an accuracy of 61.0 %, orbetter, within 12 months of the time of use

10、in accordance withPractices E4. The testing machine shall be equipped with twosteel bearing blocks with hardened faces, one of which is aspherically seated block that will bear on the top bearing plate,and the other a plain rigid block that will support the bottombearing plate. The diameter of the s

11、pherical bearing block shallbe at least 75 % of the width of the specimen. The bearingfaces shall not depart from a plane by more than 0.001 in.(0.025 mm) in any 6 in. (150 mm) diameter circle.5.6 Containers:5.6.1 Wide-Mouthed Glass Jars, of sufficient capacity, fittedwith plastic or plastic-lined m

12、etal screw caps or other suitablesealed containers for low-temperature tests involving media oflow viscosity.5.6.2 Erlenmeyer Flasks, of sufficient capacity, each fittedwith standard-taper joints and a reflux condenser attachment.5.6.3 Containers, as described in 5.6.1 and 5.6.2, having aninert coat

13、ing on their inner surfaces, or containers of a suitableinert material for use with media which attack glass.5.7 Hot Plate, Heating Mantel, or Pail Heater, suitable forboiling water.5.8 Sander, suitable for smoothing surfaces.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C03 onChe

14、mical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials and are the direct responsibility onSubcommittee C03.01 on Mortars and Carbon Brick.Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C 1106 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visi

15、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-29

16、59, United States.6. Test Specimens6.1 The test specimens shall be wet cut using a masonry sawfrom representative full brick as received from the manufac-turer.6.1.1 All faces of the specimens shall be approximatelyplane and smooth.Adjacent faces must be normal to each other.If the faces are not sui

17、tably plane, smooth, and with adjacentfaces normal to each other, the surfaces may be sanded,ground, or machined to specification. Exercise care that thefrictional heat developed during such operations does notdamage the specimens.6.1.2 Specimens with scores, trademark indentations, chips,cracks, or

18、 other imperfections must be discarded.6.1.3 The number of test specimens required is set forth inthe respective test method.7. Compressive Strength Test Method7.1 Test SpecimensA minimum of six, 2 in. (50 mm) cubespecimens shall be prepared in accordance with Section 6 ofthis standard.NOTE 1When cu

19、tting the full brick, the original depth orientationshall be noted on the cube specimens.7.2 Measurement of SpecimensMeasure to the nearest0.001 in. (0.025 mm), the cross-section dimensions of thosetwo opposite faces of the specimen that will be in contact withthe upper and lower bearing blocks of t

20、he testing machine andthus perpendicular to the load axis. Record the dimensions foreach respective specimen.7.3 Temperature of TestCompression tests shall be per-formed at 73 6 4F (23 6 2C).7.4 Placing the Specimen:7.4.1 Orient the test cube under the load plate of thecompression testing machine su

21、ch that when the load is appliedit will be in the direction of the original depth of the brick.7.4.2 Center the test cube under the load plate of thecompression testing machine to within116 in. (2 mm) in anydirection of true center such that the load is applied to the topor bottom face of the test s

22、pecimen.7.5 Rate of Loading:7.5.1 Apply the load continuously and without shock. Testat a uniform rate of 3000 psi (20.7 MPa)/min.7.5.2 Load the test specimen to failure and record themaximum load (W) indicated by the testing machine.7.6 Calculations:7.6.1 From the dimensions measured in 7.2 for eac

23、h respec-tive specimen, calculate the areas of the two specimen facesthat were perpendicular to the load axis, and then calculate theaverage area (A) of the two.7.6.2 Calculate the individual compressive strength (C)ofeach specimen as follows:C 5 W / A (1)where:C = compressive strength of the specim

24、en, psi (MPa),W = maximum load, lb (N), andA = average of the areas of the upper and lower bearingsurfaces of the test specimen, in.2(mm2).7.6.3 Calculate the average compressive strength in accor-dance with Section 12.7.7 Report:7.7.1 Name of brick manufacturer.7.7.2 Brand name of brick.7.7.3 Manuf

25、acturers lot number.7.7.4 Full brick dimensions.7.7.5 Any defects in the specimens.7.7.6 Individual and average compressive strength values.8. Water Absorption8.1 Test SpecimensA minimum of four quarter-brickspecimens shall be prepared in accordance with Section 6 ofthis standard. The four quarter-b

26、rick specimens shall be ob-tained by taking a representative carbon brick and first halvingthe brick shape lengthwise and then taking these two halvesand cutting each of them lengthwise. Of the four respective testspecimens prepared, each will have four original faces from thefull brick shape before

27、 it was cut up and two faces will havebeen created by sawing the original brick into the four pieces.8.2 Preparing the SpecimensRinse the four specimenswith a fine spray of distilled water. Place the test specimens ina constant-temperature oven set at 216 6 4F (102 6 2C)until they reach a constant w

28、eight.Allow the specimens to coolin a dessicator to 73 6 4F.8.2.1 The constant dry weight of the respective test speci-mens shall be determined to the nearest 0.01 g after thespecimens have cooled to 73 6 4F. Record the dry weight(WD) of each specimen.8.3 Test Procedure:8.3.1 Place the test specimen

29、s in distilled water and boil for2 h. During the boiling period, keep the specimens entirelycovered with water and allow no contact with the heated sidesor bottom of the container.8.3.2 After the boiling period, remove the heat source andallow the specimens to cool to room temperature, 73 6 4F (236

30、2C). Be sure to keep the test specimens completely coveredwith water during this cooling down stage.8.3.3 After cooling, remove and blot each specimen with adamp cotton cloth to remove all liquid droplets from thesurface. Excessive blotting will introduce error by withdrawingliquid from the pores of

31、 the specimen.8.3.4 Determine the saturated weight (WS) of each specimenby weighing each to the nearest 0.01 g.8.4 Calculation:8.4.1 The water absorption is expressed as a percentage ofthe dry weight (WD) of the specimen compared to the saturatedweight (WS) of the specimen calculated as follows:Wate

32、r Absorption, % 5WS WD!WD3 100 (2)where:WS= saturated weight of specimen, andWD= dry weight of specimen.8.4.2 Calculate the average water absorption in accordancewith Section 12.8.5 Report:8.5.1 Name of brick manufacturer.8.5.2 Brand name of brick.C 1106 00 (2005)28.5.3 Manufacturers lot number.8.5.

33、4 Full brick dimensions.8.5.5 Any defects in the specimens.8.5.6 Percent water absorption for each specimen.8.5.7 Average percent water absorption.9. Flexural Strength9.1 Test SpecimensA minimum of five test specimensshall be prepared by taking a minimum of three full, rectan-gular, straight brick w

34、hich measure either 9 by 412 by 3 in.(229 by 114 by 76 mm) or 9 by 412 by 212 in. (229 by 114 by64 mm) and cutting them in half lengthwise to producespecimens measuring 9 by 214 by 3 in. (229 by 57 by 76 mm)or9by214 by 212 in. (229 by 57 by 64 mm), respectively.9.2 Test Procedure:9.2.1 Measure the r

35、espective depth of all specimens to thenearest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) using a micrometer or a verniercaliper. Make two measurements near the middle of thespecimens length and average them. This average depth (d)will be used in the calculations.9.2.1.1 Measure the respective width of all of the testspe

36、cimens to the nearest 0.001 in. using a micrometer or avernier caliper. Make two measurements near the middle ofspecimens length and average them. This average width (b)will be used in the calculations.9.2.2 The testing machine shall be set up to test thespecimens in simple bending with two supports

37、 and the loadbeing applied by means of a loading nose midway between thesupports.9.2.2.1 The loading nose and the supports shall have cylin-drical surfaces. The radius of the nose and the supports shall beat least14 in. (6.4 mm).9.2.2.2 The length of the loading nose and the supports shallbe at leas

38、t equal to the width of the test specimen.9.2.2.3 The span between the supports shall be 1 6 0.1 in.(25 6 0.2 mm) less than the nominal length of the testspecimens. The actual span between the supports (I) shall bemeasured and recorded for use in the calculations.9.2.2.4 Ensure that the supports for

39、 the test specimen arefree to rotate in the longitudinal and transverse directions of thetest specimens, and adjust them so that they will exert no forcein these directions.9.2.3 Center the test specimen flatwise over the supportsunless specified and reported otherwise (that is, apply the loadin the

40、 direction of the depth of the unit) such that the load isapplied to the top or bottom face of the test specimen.9.2.4 Load the test specimens to failure, and record themaximum load (W).9.3 Rate of Loading:9.3.1 Load Rate IApply the load continuously and with-out shock. The rate of loading shall not

41、 exceed 2000 lbf (8896N)/min.9.3.2 Load Rate IISet the crosshead speed of the machinenot to exceed 0.05 in. (1.3 mm)/min when the machine isrunning without load.9.4 Calculations:9.4.1 The flexural strength (S) of each test specimen iscalculated as follows:S 5 3WI /2bd2(3)where:S = stress in specimen

42、 at midspan, lb/in.2(kg/cm2),W = maximum load at failure indicated by the testingmachine, lbf (N),I = Distance between the supports, in. (mm),b = average width of the test specimen, in. (mm), andd = average depth of the test specimen, in. (mm).9.4.2 Calculate the average flexural strength in accorda

43、ncewith Section 12.9.5 Report:9.5.1 Name of brick manufacturer.9.5.2 Brand name of brick.9.5.3 Manufacturers lot number.9.5.4 Full brick dimensions.9.5.5 Any defects in the specimens.9.5.6 Load rate used.9.5.7 Flexural strength of each test specimen.9.5.8 Average flexural strength.10. Chemical Resis

44、tance10.1 Test Specimens:10.1.1 Test specimens shall be 2 in. (50 mm) cube speci-mens prepared in accordance with Section 6 of this standard.10.2 The number of specimens required is dependent uponthe number of test media to be employed, the number ofdifferent temperatures at which testing is perform

45、ed, and thefrequency of test intervals. The test specimens shall consist ofsets of a minimum of three, 2 in. cubes for one medium at asingle temperature and for each test interval. In addition,prepare other sets of at least three cubes, equivalent to thenumber of test temperatures, for the total tes

46、t period. Calculatethe total number of specimens required as follows:N 5 n M 3 T 3 I! 1 6 (4)where:N = number of specimens,n = number of specimens for a single test,M = number of media,T = number of test temperatures, andI = number of test intervals.10.3 ConditioningRinse the test specimens with dis

47、tilledwater. Place the test specimens in a constant temperature ovenset at 216 6 4F (102 6 2C) until they reach constant weight.Allow the specimens to cool in a desiccator to 73 6 4F.10.3.1 After the conditioning period, the constant dryweight (WC) of the respective test specimens shall be deter-min

48、ed to the nearest 0.01 g. Record the dry weights.10.3.2 After the conditioning period, measure to the nearest0.001 in. (0.025 mm), the cross-sectional dimensions of thosetwo opposite faces of the specimen that will be in contact withthe upper and lower bearing blocks of the testing machine andthus p

49、erpendicular to the load axis. Record the dimensions foreach respective specimen.10.4 Test Procedure:10.4.1 Following the conditioning period, weigh all of thespecimens to the nearest 0.01 g, and record the values. Prior toimmersion, record a brief description of the color and surfaceappearance of the specimens and the color and clarity of theC 1106 00 (2005)3test medium. Place the weighed specimens to be immersed ina suitable container or containers taking care to prevent thefaces from coming in contact with each other. The total numberof sp