ANSI ASTM D374 D374M-2016 Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation.pdf
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1、Designation: D374/D374M 16 An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forThickness of Solid Electrical Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D374/D374M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test method
3、s cover the determination of thethickness of several types of solid electrical insulating materi-als employing recommended techniques. Use these test meth-ods except as otherwise required by a material specification.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separ
4、ately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns
5、, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical In
6、sulationD6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Mate-rials for Testing (Withdrawn 2012)3E252 Test Method for Thickness of Foil, Thin Sheet, andFilm by Mass Measurement3. Terminology3.1 Refer to Terminology D1711 for definitions pertinent tothis standard.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specifi
7、c to This Standard:3.2.1 1 micron, m, na dimension equivalent to0.03937 mils.3.2.2 1 mil, na dimension equivalent to 0.0010 in.3.2.3 absolute uncertainty (of a measurement), nthesmallest division able to be read directly on the instrument usedfor measurement.3.2.4 micrometer, nan instrument for meas
8、uring any di-mension with absolute uncertainty of 1 mil 25 m or smaller.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 This standard provides eight different test methods forthe measurement of thickness of solid electrical insulationmaterials. The test methods (identified as Test Methods Athrough H) employ different
9、 micrometers that exert variouspressures for varying times upon specimens of different geom-etries. Tables 1 and 2 display basic differences of each testmethod and identify test methods applicable for use on variouscategories of materials.5. Significance and Use5.1 Some electrical properties, such a
10、s dielectric strength,vary with the thickness of the material. Determination ofcertain properties, such as relative permittivity (dielectricconstant) and volume resistivity, usually require a knowledgeof the thickness. Design and construction of electrical machin-ery require that the thickness of in
11、sulation be known.6. Apparatus6.1 Apparatus AMachinists Micrometer Caliper4withCalibrated Ratchet or Friction Thimble:6.1.1 Apparatus A is a micrometer caliper without a lockingdevice but is equipped with either a calibrated ratchet or afriction thimble. By use of a proper manipulative procedureand
12、a calibrated spring (see AnnexA1), the pressure exerted onthe specimen is controllable.6.1.2 Use an instrument constructed with a vernier capableof measurement to the nearest 0.1 mil 2 m.6.1.3 Use an instrument with the diameter of the anvil andspindle surfaces (which contact the specimen) of 250 6
13、1 mil6.35 6 0.05 mm.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests.Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originallyapproved in 19
14、33. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D374 99 (2004)which was withdrawn January 2013 and reinstated in June 2016. DOI: 10.1520/D0374_D0374M-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStan
15、dards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Hereinafter referred to as a machinists micrometer.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Con
16、shohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade O
17、rganization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16.1.4 Use an instrument conforming to the requirements of7.1, 7.2, 7.5, 7.6.1, and 7.6.2.6.1.5 Periodically, test the micrometer for conformance tothe requirements of 6.1.4.6.2 Apparatus BMachinists Micrometer Without aRatchet:6.2.1 Apparatus
18、B is a micrometer caliper without a lockingdevice.6.2.2 Use an instrument constructed with a vernier capableof measurement to the nearest 0.1 mil 2 m.6.2.3 Use an instrument with the diameter of the anvil andspindle surfaces (which contact the specimen) 250 6 1 mil6.35 6 0.05 mm.6.2.4 Use an instrum
19、ent conforming to the requirements of7.1, 7.2, 7.5.1, 7.5.2, 7.5.3, 7.6.1, and 7.6.3.6.2.5 Periodically, examine and test the micrometer forconformance to the requirements of 6.2.4.6.3 Apparatus CManually-Operated, Dead-Weight, DialType Thickness Gauge:56.3.1 Use a dead-weight dial-type gauge in acc
20、ordance withthe requirements of 7.1, 7.3, 7.4, 7.6.1, 7.6.4, that has:6.3.1.1 Apresser foot that moves in an axis perpendicular tothe anvil face,6.3.1.2 The surfaces of the presser foot and the anvil (whichcontact the specimen) parallel to within 0.079 mil 2 m or 0.1mil 2.54 m (see 7.3),6.3.1.3 A ve
21、rtical dial spindle,6.3.1.4 A dial indicator essentially friction-free and capableof repeatable readings within 60.05 mil 61.2 m at zerosetting, or on a steel gauge block,6.3.1.5 A frame, housing the indicator, of such rigidity thata load of 2.92 lbf 13 N or 3 lbf 13.34 N applied to the dialhousing,
22、 out of contact with the presser foot spindle (or anyweight attached thereto) will produce a deflection of the framenot greater than the smallest scale division on the indicatordial, and,6.3.1.6 A dial diameter at least 2 in. 50 mm and graduatedcontinuously to read directly to the nearest 0.079 mil
23、2 m or0.1 mil 2.54 m. If necessary, equip the dial with a revolutioncounter that displays the number of complete revolutions of thelarge hand.6.3.1.7 An electronic instrument having a digital readout inplace of the dial indicator is permitted if that instrument meetsthe other requirements of 6.3.6.3
24、.2 The preferred design and construction of manuallyoperated dead-weight dial-type micrometers calls for a limit onthe force applied to the presser foot. The limit is related to thecompressive characteristics of the material being measured.6.3.2.1 The force applied to the presser foot spindle and th
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