【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷8及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语-试卷 8及答案解析(总分:142.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:2,分数:80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_Televisionthe most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid chan
2、ge and growthis moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary (1)_ and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the (2)_ of television and computer technologies. The word “television“, derived from its Greek (tele: dis
3、tant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can (3)_ be interpreted as sight from distance. Very simply (4)_, it works in this (5)_: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of (6)_ an image (focused on a special photo-conductive plate within a camera) into electr
4、onic impulses, which can be sent through a wire of cable. These impulses, when fed into a (7)_ (television set), can then be electronically (8)_ into that same image. Television is (9)_ just an electronic system, (10)_. It is a means of expression, as well as a (11)_ for communication, and as such b
5、ecomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings. The field of television can be divided into two (12)_ determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television (13)_. Second, there is non-bro
6、adcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or (14)_ interest groups through controlled transmission techniques. Traditionally, television has been a (15)_ of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television (16)_ it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a for
7、m similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks. ABC, NBC and CBS, who have been the (17)_ purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of (18)_ have actually shaped not only television but our perception of
8、it as well. We have come to (19)_ the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this (20)_ medium as the passive viewer.(分数:40.00)A.sophisticationB.deformityC.manoeuvreD.elaborationA.uniformityB.comparisonC.differentiationD.marriageA.nominallyB.literallyC.hardlyD.theoreticallyA.
9、putB.talkedC.saidD.spokenA.methodB.styleC.wayD.channelA.convertB.convertingC.switchD.switchingA.machineB.containerC.terminationD.receiverA.reshapedB.reviewedC.reconstitutedD.recognizedA.no more thanB.more thanC.no other thanD.rather thanA.thereforeB.moreoverC.howeverD.henceforthA.vehicleB.facilityC.
10、instrumentD.sourceA.fieldsB.scopesC.categoriesD.rangesA.symbolsB.signsC.sightsD.signalsA.famousB.exceptionalC.publicD.specificA.datumB.mediumC.agentD.outletA.becauseB.whenC.thoughD.ifA.minorB.superiorC.majorD.inferiorA.mediaB.videoC.broadcastingD.communicationA.useB.regardC.acceptD.developA.stagnant
11、B.staticC.dynamicD.energetic二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:10,分数:58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._People in business can use foresight to identify new products and services, as well
12、as markets for those products and services. An increase in minority populations in a neighborhood would prompt a grocer with foresight to stock more foods linked to ethnic tastes. An art museum director with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibits more appealing to younge
13、r visitors. Foresight may reveal potential threats that we can prepare to deal with before they become crises. For instance, a corporate manager with foresight might see an alarming rise in local housing prices that could affect the availability of skilled workers in the region. The public“s changin
14、g values and priorities, as well as emerging technologies, demographic shifts, economic constraints (or opportunities), and environmental and resource concerns are all parts of the increasingly complex world system in which leaders must lead. People in government also need foresight to keep systems
15、running smoothly, to plan budgets, and to prevent wars. Government leaders today must deal with a host of new problems emerging from rapid advances in technology. Even at the community level, foresight is critical: school officials, for example, need foresight to assess numbers of students to accomm
16、odate, numbers of teachers to hire, new educational technologies to deploy, and new skills for students (and their teachers) to develop. Many of the best-known techniques for foresight were developed by government planners, especially in the military, when the post-World War atomic age made it criti
17、cal to “think about the unthinkable“ and prepare for it. Pioneering futurists at the: RAND Corporation (the first “think tank“) began seriously considering what new technologies might emerge in the future and how these might affect U.S. security. These pioneering futurists at RAND, along with others
18、 elsewhere, refined a variety of new ways for thinking about the future. The futurists recognized that the future world is continuous with the present world, so we can learn a great deal about what may happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happening now. The key thing to watch is
19、 not events (sudden developments or one-day occurrences) but trends (long-term ongoing shifts in such things as population, land use, technology, and governmental systems). Using these techniques and many others, futurists now can tell us many things that may happen in the future. Some are nearly ce
20、rtain to happen, such as the continuing expansion in the world“s population. Other events are viewed as far less likely, but could be extremely important if they do occur, such as an asteroid colliding with the planet.(分数:10.00)(1).Correctly exercising foresight is shown in the case of(分数:2.00)A.new
21、 products and services.B.an increase in minority populations.C.stocking more foods with ethnic tastes.D.the art museum director.(2).Which of the following may be regarded as potential crises?(分数:2.00)A.An alarming rise in local housing prices.B.The availability of skilled workers in the region.C.The
22、 lack of skilled workers in the region.D.The public“s changing values and priorities.(3).All the following are cited as examples of the importance of exercising foresight EXCEPT(分数:2.00)A.government administrators.B.school officials.C.school students and teachers.D.government planners.(4).According
23、to the text, the most important thing for the futurists to grasp is(分数:2.00)A.the future world.B.the present world.C.what is happening now.D.the world trends.(5).The best title for the passage may be(分数:2.00)A.The Use of Foresight.B.How to Exercise Foresight.C.Foresight in Business and Government.D.
24、The Best-known Techniques for Foresight.If sustainable competitive advantage depends on workforce skills, American firms have a problem. Human resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an ind
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