ANSI IEEE N42 55-2013 Performance of Portable Transmission X-Ray Systems for Use in Improvised Explosive Device and Hazardous Device Identification.pdf

《ANSI IEEE N42 55-2013 Performance of Portable Transmission X-Ray Systems for Use in Improvised Explosive Device and Hazardous Device Identification.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ANSI IEEE N42 55-2013 Performance of Portable Transmission X-Ray Systems for Use in Improvised Explosive Device and Hazardous Device Identification.pdf（45页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、 ANSI N42.55-2013 American National Standard for the Performance of Portable Transmission X-Ray Systems for Use in Improvised Explosive Device and Hazardous Device Identification Sponsor National Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42 Accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secr

2、etariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Approved 16 December 2013 American National Standards Institute Copyrights and Permissions: The IEEE thanks the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for permission to reproduce Information from its International Standard IEC

3、60050-881 ed.1.0 (1983). All such extracts are copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved. Further information on the IEC is available from www.iec.ch. IEC has no responsibility for the placement and context in which the extracts and contents are reproduced by the author, nor is IEC

4、in any way responsible for the other content or accuracy therein. Abstract: The purpose of this standard is to establish requirements and methods of test for portable transmission x-ray systems for use in improvised explosive device and hazardous device disarming and render safe operations. These sy

5、stems include those that provide still and/or video images. This standard does not apply to cabinet x-ray systems, such as those used for security screening, and backscatter x-ray systems. Keywords: ANSI N42.55, hazardous devices, improvised explosive devices, performance standard, portable x-ray sy

6、stem, transmission x-ray system The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2014 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 14 March 2014. Printed in the United States of America.

7、 IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1-978-750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents IEEE docume

8、nts are made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers, or a reference to this page, appear in all standards and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents.” Not

9、ice and Disclaimer of Liability Concerning the Use of IEEE Standards Documents IEEE Standards documents (standards, recommended practices, and guides), both full-use and trial-use, are developed within IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (“IEEE-

10、SA”) Standards Board. IEEE (“the Institute”) develops its standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards Institute (“ANSI”), which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not

11、necessarily members of the Institute and participate without compensation from IEEE. While IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus development process, IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information or the

12、soundness of any judgments contained in its standards. IEEE does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained in its standards, and expressly disclaims all warranties (express, implied and statutory) not included in this or any other document relating to the standard, i

13、ncluding, but not limited to, the warranties of: merchantability; fitness for a particular purpose; non-infringement; and quality, accuracy, effectiveness, currency, or completeness of material. In addition, IEEE disclaims any and all conditions relating to: results; and workmanlike effort. IEEE sta

14、ndards documents are supplied “AS IS” and “WITH ALL FAULTS.” Use of an IEEE standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE st

15、andard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. In publishing and making its standards available, IEEE is not suggesting or ren

16、dering professional or other services for, or on behalf of, any person or entity nor is IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any other person or entity to another. Any person utilizing any IEEE Standards document, should rely upon his or her own independent judgment in the exercise of reason

17、able care in any given circumstances or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the appropriateness of a given IEEE standard. IN NO EVENT SHALL IEEE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LI

18、MITED TO: PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE PUBLICATION, USE OF, OR RELI

19、ANCE UPON ANY STANDARD, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGE WAS FORESEEABLE. Translations The IEEE consensus development process involves the review of documents in English only. In the event that an IEEE standard is translated, only the English ve

20、rsion published by IEEE should be considered the approved IEEE standard. Official Statements A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual shall not be considered or inferred to be the official position of IEEE or any of its comm

21、ittees and shall not be considered to be, or be relied upon as, a formal position of IEEE. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of that individ

22、ual rather than the formal position of IEEE. Comments on Standards Comments for revision of IEEE Standards documents are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliation with IEEE. However, IEEE does not provide consulting information or advice pertaining to IEEE Standards doc

23、uments. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Since IEEE standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is important that any responses to comments and questions also receive the concurrence

24、 of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to comments or questions except in those cases where the matter has previously been addressed. For the same reason, IEEE does not respo

25、nd to interpretation requests. Any person who would like to participate in revisions to an IEEE standard is welcome to join the relevant IEEE working group. Comments on standards should be submitted to the following address: Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA L

26、aws +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Updating of IEEE Standards Documents Users of IEEE Standards documents should be aware that these documents may be superseded at

27、 any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect.

28、Every IEEE standard is subjected to review at least every ten years. When a document is more than ten years old and has not undergone a revision process, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautio

29、ned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE standard. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE-SA website at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xp

30、l/standards.jsp or contact IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE SA or IEEEs standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA website at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for all IEEE standards can be accessed on the IEEE-SA website at the followin

31、g URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard,

32、 no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standa

33、rds.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters of Assurance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discriminat

34、ion to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Essential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or sc

35、ope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validit

36、y of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time ANSI approved this standard, the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N

37、42, had the following members: Michael P. Unterweger, Chair Michael Kipness, Administrative Secretary Organization represented Name of representative Canberra Robert Huckins National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce Leticia Pibida Computer Dependability Associates,

38、LLC . Gary Johnson Consultant Frank X. Masse Department of Homeland SecurityPeter Shebell Harvard University Joseph Ring Health Physics Society Sandy Perle Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc Michael P. Unterweger International Medcom . Don Sythe Lawrence Berkeley National Laborat

39、ory .Edward J. Lampo Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory David Trombino National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center . R. Sachidananda Babu Nuclear Standards Unlimited . Al N. Tschaeche (Deceased) Oak Ridge National Laboratory Peter J. Chiaro, Jr Charles Britton (Alt

40、.) Ortec Corp. . Frank Sergent Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richard Kouzes U.S. Army Chad B. McKee U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission . Cynthia G. Jones Members-At-Large . Morgan Cox Edward Groeber Ronald M. Keyser Joseph C. McDonald Jack M. Selby (Deceased) Joseph Stencel Copyright 2014 IE

41、EE. All rights reserved. vii At the time this standard was approved, the Subcommittee N42.HSI had the following membership: Michael P. Unterweger, Co-chair Morgan Cox, Co-chair Peter J. Chairo, Jr. David Gilliam Mark Hoover Cynthia G. Jones Ronald M. Keyser Joseph C. McDonald Leticia Pibida Peter Sh

42、ebell David Trombino At the time this standard was approved, ANSI N42.55 Working Group had the following membership: Nicholas G. Paulter, Jr., Chair Jack L. Glover, Vice-chair Lawrence T. Hudson, Vice-chair Tamir Aluma Jake Bohi Jos M. Colmenares Dana Emmons Nick Fox Roger Golden Jacques Gouffaux Ji

43、m Hansen David Heaven Younis Khatib Stephen C. Leisge Edward Marshman Kevin J. Moller Andrew Monteith Russell Moon Daniel Murphy Jeffory Neece Alain Paulus Lior Pick John Pursley Jeffrey Schubert Rich Schueller Michael Schwall Ian Vabnick Shelley Wadsworth Lou Wainwright Steve WolfCopyright 2014 IEE

44、E. All rights reserved. viii Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Purpose and scope . 1 2. Normative references 1 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 3 3.1 Definitions . 3 3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 4 3.3 Special word usage 5 3.4 Units, quantities, and uncertainties 5 4. Performance requirements

45、 5 4.1 Image quality . 5 4.2 Imager operation 7 4.3 Safety . 8 4.4 Electromagnetic compatibility . 8 4.5 Power 10 4.6 Ruggedness .10 4.7 Environmental requirements .10 4.8 Indicators, x-ray emission warning .11 5. Test methods 11 5.1 Standard test conditions 11 5.2 Image quality tests 12 5.3 Safety

46、21 5.4 Power test .23 5.5 Indicators, x-ray emission warning .24 5.6 Test equipment .24 Annex A (informative) Computation of mean and standard deviation 32 Annex B (informative) Computation of the boundary signal-to-noise ratio 33 Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix American National Standa

47、rd for the Performance of Portable Transmission X-Ray Systems for Use in Improvised Explosive Device and Hazardous Device Identification IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, health, or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from othe

48、r devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for determining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEEE document is made available for use subj

49、ect to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview1.1 Purpose and scope The purpose of this standard is to establish requirements and methods of test for portable transmission x-ray systems for use in improvised explosive device and hazardous device disarming and r