SANS 20474-4-2010 Earth-moving machinery - Safety Part 4 Requirements for backhoe loaders《土方机械 安全性 第4部分：挖掘装载机的要求》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23555-0 SANS 20474-4:2010Edition 1ISO 20474-4:2008Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requireme

4、nts for backhoe loaders This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 20474-4:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 42

5、8 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 20474-4:2010 Edition 1 ISO 20474-4:2008 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1034, Agricultural, earth-moving, forestry and construction equipment

6、 and machinery, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in January 2010. Reference numberISO 20474-4:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO20474-4First edition2008-12-15Earth-moving machine

7、ry Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders Engins de terrassement Scurit Partie 4: Exigences applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteuses SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) PDF disclaimer Th

8、is PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept th

9、erein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file;

10、the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOC

11、UMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member bod

12、y in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by appro

13、ved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 2 4.1 General. 2 4.2 Protection 2 4.

14、3 Operators station . 3 4.4 Warning devices . 3 4.5 Stability 3 4.6 Travelling and transportation 7 5 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures 7 6 Information for use . 7 Annex A (informative) Test method for backhoe loader lift capacity at the backhoe portion 8 Annex B (inform

15、ative) Illustrations. 12 Bibliography . 14 SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide fe

16、deration of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that com

17、mittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accord

18、ance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard require

19、s approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20474-4 was prepared by Technica

20、l Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements. ISO 20474 consists of the following parts, under the general title Earth-moving machinery Safety: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers Part 3: Requirements

21、for loaders Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators Part 6: Requirements for dumpers Part 7: Requirements for scrapers Part 8: Requirements for graders Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers Part 10: Requirements for trenchers Part 11: Requirements for ear

22、th and landfill compactors Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators Part 13: Requirements for rollers Part 14: Information on national and regional provisions Technical Specification SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of th

23、e SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document. When requiremen

24、ts of this type-C standard are different from those stated in type-A or B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard. Provisions

25、that are applicable for Australia, the EU, Japan or the USA, and which are mandatory for compliance with specific governmental laws, directives or regulations in force in the particular country or region, are given in ISO/TS 20474-14. NOTE Other countries or regions may also have regional requiremen

26、ts. SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20474-4:2008(E) ISO 200

27、8 All rights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders 1 Scope This part of ISO 20474 gives the safety requirements specific to wheeled and crawler backhoe loaders as defined in ISO 6165. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 20474-1, which specifie

28、s general safety requirements common to earth-moving machine families, and with ISO/TS 20474-14, which gives information on provisions that are mandatory in particular countries or regions. The specific requirements given in this part of ISO 20474 take precedence over the general requirements of ISO

29、 20474-1. This part of ISO 20474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its Scope when used as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see also ISO/TS 20474-14). It specifies the app

30、ropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from significant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance. It is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication. 2 Normative references The following refer

31、enced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2330, Fork lift trucks Fork arms Technical characteristics and t

32、esting ISO 6016, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components ISO 6165:2006, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitions ISO 7096:2000, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration

33、ISO 7546, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading excavator buckets Volumetric ratings ISO 14397-1, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load ISO 14397-2, Earth-moving machinery Loa

34、ders and backhoe loaders Part 2: Test method for measuring breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift height ISO 20474-1:2008, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clien

35、ts of the SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474-1, and the following, apply. 3.1 backhoe loader self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having a main frame designed to carry bo

36、th front-mounted equipment and rear-mounted backhoe equipment (normally with outriggers or stabilizers) NOTE 1 When used in the backhoe mode, the machine is stationary and normally digs below ground level. NOTE 2 When used in the loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion. NO

37、TE 3 A backhoe work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging of material. A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging of material. ISO 6165:2006, definition 4.3 3.2 compact backhoe loader backhoe loader with an operating mas

38、s in accordance with ISO 6016 of 4 500 kg or less, designed to work in confined spaces with the associated needs for greater manoeuvrability 3.3 hydraulic lift capacity maximum mass that can be lifted in any arm position with the fork in horizontal position limited by the hydraulic circuit working p

39、ressure as defined in ISO 14397-2 4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 4.1 General Backhoe loaders shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of ISO 20474-1, in as far as those are not modified by the specific requirements of this clause. 4.2 Protection 4.2.1 Ro

40、ll-over protective structures (ROPS) ISO 20474-1:2008, 4.3.3 shall apply. For mandatory national and/or regional provisions, see ISO/TS 20474-14. 4.2.2 Falling object protective structures (FOPS) For mandatory national and/or regional provisions, see ISO/TS 20474-14. SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard

41、may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 34.3 Operators station 4.3.1 Minimum space envelope On backhoe loaders with a retractable rear window, the cab height above the SIP (seat index point) shall not

42、 be less than 920 mm, measured with the window retracted into the cab. 4.3.2 Operators controls For mandatory national and/or regional provisions, see ISO/TS 20474-14. 4.3.3 Operators seat ISO 20474-1:2008, 4.4.1, shall apply; in addition, the seat shall be in accordance with ISO 7096:2000, input sp

43、ectral class EM5. For mandatory national and/or regional provisions, see ISO/TS 20474-14. 4.4 Warning devices For mandatory national and/or regional provisions, see ISO/TS 20474-14. 4.5 Stability 4.5.1 General ISO 20474-1:2008, 4.11, shall apply, with the additions given in 4.5.2 and 4.5.3. NOTE All

44、 rated capacities as defined hereafter are based on tests and/or calculations of machines on a level and firm supporting surface. The mass of the load, its density and the location of its centre of gravity, as well as the mass of the attachment and the attachment bracket, if fitted, shall be include

45、d in the determination of the rated operating load and the size/capacity of the attachment. The burst pressure of hydraulic hoses shall be four times the operating pressure. In order to provide sufficient stability, the rated operating load in intended operations shall be determined as specified in

46、4.5.2 and 4.5.3. 4.5.2 Loader portion 4.5.2.1 General The rated capacities of the backhoe loader used in loader applications shall be determined as follows, with the backhoe in its transport position as specified by the manufacturer. The loader portion of the backhoe loader does not require a boom-l

47、owering control device as defined in ISO 8643. SANS 20474-4:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-4:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.5.2.2 Bucket application The rated operating load shall be determined as follo

48、ws: tipping load and rated operating load in accordance with ISO 14397-1; volumetric rating of the bucket in accordance with ISO 7546. NOTE The mass and volumetric rating of the bucket and the density of the material have to be taken into account when the bucket capacity is selected for a specific a

49、pplication. 4.5.2.3 Fork application 4.5.2.3.1 General The rated operating capacity is based on the use of forks and shall be determined by the criteria specified in 4.5.2.3.2 to 4.5.2.3.5. 4.5.2.3.2 Stability assessments The tipping load shall be determined according to ISO 14397-1 and ISO 14397-2, with the fork in a horizontal position. The rated load, as a percentage of tipping load, shall not exceed the applicable value as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Stabili