广东省中山市第一中学2018_2019学年高一英语上学期第一次段考（10月）试题（含解析）.doc

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1、- 1 -中山市第一中学 2018-2019 学年度第一学期高一级 第一次段考 英语试题满分：120 分 时间：120 分钟：I. 阅读理解（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAs my dad unwrapped（打开）the new bicycle helmet（头盔）that I got him for his birthday, I realized that a number of people ride their bicycles every day without

2、the protection of a helmet.Due to cold winters across the country, riding has become increasingly dangerous as many roads have holes and are torn-up（磨损的）. Not everyone realizes that there are laws requiring the wearing of helmets in many places.Where I live, there has been a law in place since Octob

3、er 1, 1992 stating that cyclists of all ages are required to wear helmets. Unfortunately, accidents can happen to the best of riders. My dad has been a cyclist for many years, and he often rides around my county and to Rockland Lake State Park.One afternoon, as he was just entering the park, he lost

4、 control of his bicycle and flew off and landed on a nearby patch of grass, breaking his helmet into pieces and losing consciousness（知觉）. When he was just awakening, a lovely couple found him and brought him back to our house, where he attempted to recall the events leading up to his fall. Later tha

5、t day, a CAT scan showed that he had a concussion (脑震荡). That evening, while my dad was showing me the pieces of his broken helmet, we both came to a shocking realization.If he had not worn his helmet, he probably would have cracked his skull and perhaps died. Today, when my dad and I go out cycling

6、, the wearing of our helmets is not even a question. Regardless of age, everyone should wear a helmet whenever they get on a bicycle.1. In the writers opinion, why should people wear bicycle helmets?- 2 -A. Because a law requires them to do so.B. Because many people like wearing bicycle helmets.C. B

7、ecause people have realized the importance of wearing helmets.D. Because the conditions of roads are very poor and it is dangerous to ride on them.2. The underlined part “we both came to a shocking realization” in Paragraph 4 means “_”.A. we understood how lucky the dad was to have worn a helmetB. w

8、e were shocked to see the broken helmetC. we realized that young people neednt wear helmetsD. only old people should wear helmets3. From the accident that happened to the writers dad, we can infer that _.A. the cyclists should follow the lawB. his dad was not worried about this accidentC. it is nece

9、ssary for cyclists to wear helmetsD. everyone should care about life【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以爸爸的亲身经历为例，向我们介绍了骑行时佩戴头盔的重要性。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 Due to cold winters across the country, riding has become increasingly dangerous as many roads have holes and are torn-up（磨损的）.可知，在作者看来，人们应该佩戴头盔的原因是道路的磨

10、损，故选 D。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句 If he had not worn his helmet, he probably would have cracked his skull and perhaps died.可知，爸爸很幸运用头盔保护了他。故选 A。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Today, when my dad and I go out cycling, the wearing - 3 -of our helmets is not eve 可知，从作者父亲的事故中，我们可以推断骑自行车的人需要戴头盔。故选 C。BBob was born in

11、Cambridge. When he was in elementary school, he asked his mother to take him to parks in their community so he could collect empty soda cans to recycle. His mother agreed, as long as he saved part of the money he earned for college.Bobs mother remembers Bob as the most determined of her seven kids.

12、Bobs hard work paid off. On Friday, he will become the first person in his family, originally from El Salvador, to graduate from college. And hes graduating with university honors.For his honors thesis（毕业论文）he researched unmanned solar-powered（太阳能）airplanes, which BYU students have been building and

13、 testing for about 10 years. Bobs study helps discover the best way to fly a solar-powered airplane so that it uses the least amount of power. The goal is to design and build an airplane that flies uncertainly. Bobs thesis helps lay the basis for this work.“My parents were always hard-working,” Bob

14、said. “They often tell us hard work leads to success.” Bobs father taught him to read at the age of 3, and his mother is now a student at Utah Valley University in a way to becoming a dentist.Bob recognized he overcame some obstacles（障碍）to get where he is. For starters, English is his second languag

15、e. He also faced stereotypes（模式化的形象）. Although Bob never doubted that he would be a college graduate, other people believed he wouldnt because he didnt come from a family of high income. There were other obstacles as well, but Bob viewed them all as opportunities.Bobs mother says she feels very happ

16、y and proud that her son is about to graduate with honors, and remembers the effort hes made to get there. “He has worked very hard. He started something, and now he has finished it,” Cathy - 4 -says. “I have always told him, If this is your dream, then you can get it! Keep working hard and you can

17、get it!”4. From the passage we can know that Bobs honors thesis _.A. makes his mother feel surprisedB. helps to save the power of flying a solar-powered airplaneC. is done with BYU studentsD. doubts the way of flying a solar-powered airplane5. According to the passage, Bob .A. researched unmanned so

18、lar-powered airplanes for 10 yearsB. paid for all his study by collecting empty soda cansC. worked hard and has graduated from collegeD. was affected by his family and has made some achievements6. People thought Bob couldnt graduate from college because _.A. his parents had little money to support h

19、imB. his teacher didnt think he could graduateC. he didnt work hard on his studyD. he didnt dare to face the obstacles for short of confidence7. It can be inferred that .A. Bobs mother is on the way to becoming a dentistB. Bobs mother works in their communityC. Bons father will graduate from Utah Va

20、lley University on FridayD. Bobs father learnt to read at the age of 3【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一位英国男孩 Bob 克服家庭等很多困难最后取得成功的故事,分析了他的成功的原因。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 Bobs study helps discover the best way to fly a solar-powered airplane so that it uses the least amount of power.可知，从文章中我们可- 5 -以知道，鲍

21、勃的荣誉论文有助于节省驾驶太阳能飞机的能量。故选 B。【5 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“My parents were always hard-working,” Bob said. “They often tell us hard work leads to success.”可知，根据文章，鲍勃受到家庭的影响，并取得了一些成绩。故选 D。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中 other people believed he wouldnt because he didnt come from a family of high income.可知，人们认为鲍勃不能从大学毕业，因为他的

22、父母没有钱供养他。故选 A。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 his mother is now a student at Utah Valley University in a way to becoming a dentist.可知，鲍勃的母亲即将成为一名牙医。故选 A。【点睛】做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。本题第 2 小题，根据第四段中“My parents were always hard-working,” Bob said. “They often tell us ha

23、rd work leads to success.”可知，根据文章，鲍勃受到家庭的影响，并取得了一些成绩。故选 D。CPeople all need friends because nobody wants to be lonely and a friend can help you in good and bad times. Youve made friends since childhood, but you still dont know who your true friends are. Here are some signs to tell you if your friend

24、is a true friend：Always honestHonesty is important to keep a relationship alive. A true friend always tells you the truth. It may be hard sometimes but lying can destroy a friendship. It is important that your friend speaks honestly and never makes up stories._There are always periods in your life w

25、hen you have problems or difficulties. A true friend will always have time to listen to your problems and - 6 -give advice. He or she may not be able to offer a solution to your problems but the fact that your friend made time to listen is a sign he/she cares for you. Your friend is not a true frien

26、d if he/she can never make time for you when you are in trouble. You also need to be reasonable and accept that your friend also has other things to do so he/she cant always listen immediately to your problems.Always respectful (尊敬的)A true friend will always respect your opinion no matter whether he

27、/she agrees or not. Your true friend may disagree but never insists that he/she is correct.Always understandingIt is possible that some problems will arise between you and your friend. A true friend will always be forgiving (体谅的) and understanding，even if it isnt his/her fault. We are all different

28、people and we all make mistakes. A true friend is always forgiving and understanding because he/she doesnt want to take the risk of losing his/her best friend.8. Whats the best title for the third paragraph?A. Always there for you. B. Keep your secrets.C. Always happy for you. D. Remember your impor

29、tant days.9. According to the passage，a true friend will always_.A. follow your adviceB. offer a solution for your problemsC. listen immediately to your problemsD. respect your opinion even if he/she disagrees with it10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Never tell lies to fr

30、iends. B. Making time for friends.C. Sharing fun with friends. D. Paying attention to a friends opinions.11. A true friend will always forgive and understand you because_.A. he/she wants to help youB. he/she doesnt want to lose you- 7 -C. he/she wants you to feel confidentD. he/she doesnt care about

31、 your mistakes【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B【解析】试题分析：文章大意：什么样的朋友才是真正的朋友呢？本文作者给出了答案。【8 题详解】段落大意题。根据文章第三段的大意可知，本段主要讲真正的朋友在你遇到困难的时候会在你身边。故 A 正确。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 A true friend will always respect your opinion no matter whether he/she agrees or not.可知真正的朋友不管同不同意你的观点也会尊重你的观点。故 D 正确。【10 题详解】细节理解题。A 项在第二段提到了，B

32、 项在第三段提到了，D 项在第四段提到了，唯独 C 项与朋友分享乐趣没提到。故 C 正确。【11 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 A true friend is always forgiving and understanding because he/she doesnt want to take the risk of losing his/her best friend.可知真正的朋友总是能够原谅和理解你是因为他/她不想失去你。故 B 项正确。考点：考查社会类短文阅读DOne of the most important ways to learn and master the E

33、nglish language is to read, read, and read. It is said that a good reader is also a good writer and a good speaker. However, in todays world, reading is something that most children dislike doing.There are simply so many distractions (分心的事物) that books, magazines, and newspapers are often ignored an

34、d they are in favor of video games and movies. And while video games and movies also play a role in helping the child learn the English language, they still cant quite compare to reading.And as a result, kids are learning less and less. Take a look at an - 8 -elementary level text book. Youll notice

35、 that the books for elementary students are filled with pictures and colors. Those pictures and colors in the elementary level text books arent there just for the sake (缘由) of design. Colors and pictures make us more engaged in the act of learning grammar. They catch our attention and help us retain

36、 (保留) more of what we read. This is especially true for little children who enjoy fun English.Children are quite easily distracted. When you ask them to sit down and read quietly, their minds will often wander and it wont take long before you find them doodling (涂鸦) and not doing what you told them

37、to do. But if a book is colourful enough to catch a kids attention, then youll have a better chance at getting the kid to sit down long enough to learn English.The same principle holds true for interactivity (互动). Like colors and pictures, interactive reading materials like English songs for kids al

38、so get the child engaged in what he or she is learning. Interactive reading materials get the child to focus since using them is almost like playing.12. Children dont like reading probably because they prefer _.A. newspapers B. filmsC. magazines D. books13. Children will be interested in books that

39、are _.A. full of pictures B. explained clearlyC. written clearly D. easy14. Colorful books can help the children _.A. do what they preferB. have a good timeC. fix their attention for a longer timeD. sit still and quietly15. Whats the main idea of this passage?A. Reading is one of the most important

40、ways in learning language.B. All the books are full of pictures and colors.C. Interactivity and colorful designs are important to learn English.- 9 -D. Interactive reading is very interesting for children.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。阅读是学习语言最重要的方式之一。【12 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 There are simply s

41、o many distractions (分心的事物) that books, magazines, and newspapers are often ignored and they are in favor of video games and movies.可知，孩子们不喜欢读书可能是因为他们喜欢看电影。故选 B。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 Youll notice that the books for elementary students are filled with pictures and colors. Those pictures and colors in

42、the elementary level text books arent there just for the sake (缘由) of design.可知，孩子们会对充满图画的书感兴趣。故选 A。【14 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 Colors and pictures make us more engaged in the act of learning grammar. They catch our attention and help us retain (保留) more of what we read.可知，丰富多彩的书籍可以帮助孩子们长时间集中注意力。故选 C。【15 题

43、详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 One of the most important ways to learn and master the English language is to read, read, and read.可知，阅读是学习语言最重要的方式之一。故选 A。II. 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to improve your perseverance（毅力）If youre familiar with the story of the hare and th

44、e tortoise, you know that the tortoise proved that perseverance is much more important than speed. _16_, but fewer people have the patience and perseverance of the tortoise. Here are some tips that can help you to improve your perseverance. Set goals（确定目标）and write them down.- 10 -If you dont know w

45、hat you want to accomplish（完成）, its hard to persevere until you do. _17_, instead of making many projects（项目）that may upset you _18_, and cross each step off the list as you complete it.If you want to master the ability to cook German dishes, youll need to read cookbooks, study the recipes（食谱）, buy

46、ingredients（食料）and practice making the dishes. Write down all these steps and remove each step as you go. Make a list of the rewards（回报）related to any project to encourage yourself to persevere.When you want to lose 40 pounds, it may seem like a difficult goal. _19_. You can lower your blood sugar o

47、r fit into your favorite pair of jeans. Keep those rewards in mind to encourage yourself to stick to your diet and exercise program. Imagine your success.Take time each day to sit back, relax and picture the life youll lead once youve reached your goal._20_. Read them over several times a day to enc

48、ourage yourself to keep going.A. Like the hare, many people start off strongB. And you should focus on every step carefullyC. You cant lose weight only by going on a dietD. Make a list of the steps needed to reach your goalE. But there are big rewards for doing soF. Choose one or two goals that are

49、most important to you and work toward thoseG. Or you can write out a paragraph or two about how reaching your goal will change your life【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G【解析】- 11 -本文是一篇说明文。文章从龟兔赛跑谈到坚持的重要性。给出如何提高毅力的方法。【16 题详解】根据下文“but fewer people have the patience and perseverance of the tortoise”，可知像兔子一样很多人出发的时候都很强，故选 A。【17 题详解】根据上句“If you dont know what you want to accomplish, its h