[考研类试卷]考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷416及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷 416 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 The staggering variety of free stuff available on the Internet sometimes seems to have repealed the first law of economics: Theres no such thing as a fr
2、ee lunch. But as so often happens, the dismal science actually has it right. When it looks like youre getting something for nothing, somebody is paying, and its often instructive to know who that is.Ive been testing a new phone service called ooma that provides an interesting case in point. Once you
3、 pay $399 up front for a box called the ooma Hub and connect it to your phone and the Internet via your home network, you are promised free, unlimited phone calls over two lines, plus voice mail. The system works fine and is simple to set up.When a voice-over-Internet call has to go to a regular pho
4、ne number, a service such as ooma usually has to pay a “temination fee“ to a carrier such as Verizon. Skype, for example, charges 2% per minute for calls outside the Skype network. But ooma avoids this by using some of its customersthose who have kept regular phone linesto serve as gateways onto the
5、 local phone network at no charge.When you want to call outside the ooma network, the call moves from your Hub over the Internet to a second landline-connected Hub within the destinations local calling area The Hub dials the target number and patches the call through. In effect, ooma customers with
6、landlines pay to keep the whole system going. You dont even notice if your landline is being used because your own phone calls go out over your broadband connection, with your flat-rate monthly phone bill covering the ooma traffic. In fact, this improves the efficiency of the phone system by putting
7、 idle lines to work. But if ooma ever gains real traction, I expect a legal assault from big phone companies, which are losing income from termination fees.Web services do take advantage of genuine economies. The phone network is more expensive than the Net. Lots of Net players build on these advant
8、ages. Skype relies on selected users who act, often without their knowledge, as “super nodes“ to manage the system. FreeC provides calls by taking advantage of regulatory quirksnamely, the stiff termination fees long-distance carriers must pay to certain rural phone companies that handle calls into
9、their territory. In effect, the free conferences are subsidized by customers and shareholders of the long-distance carriers. You may as well enjoy free calls while you can. But its always a good idea to read the fine print. If it isnt obvious whos paying for a free service, it might well be you.1 Th
10、e phrase “a free lunch“(Line 3, Paragraph 1)implies that the free stuff on the Internet seems to be(A)totally free.(B) impossible as a free lunch.(C) as right as the science.(D)paid by someone you know.2 The ooma system promised free, unlimited phone calls by(A)connecting the ooma Hub to your phone.
11、(B) taking advantage of their customers.(C) paying termination fee to carrier Verizon.(D)keeping regular local phone lines.3 It could be concluded from the passage that the ooma service(A)worked illegally by losing termination fees.(B) improved the efficiency of the phone system.(C) was paid by the
12、ooma customers.(D)covered the ooma traffic by broadband connection.4 One cannot notice if the landline is being used by others because(A)the ooma traffic cannot be calculated by the outside network.(B) your monthly phone bill still remains stable with new traffic.(C) your Hub will dial the target nu
13、mber from a second Hub.(D)the whole system keeps going with the broadband connection.5 The author suggests that readers(A)enjoy their free calls.(B) pay their bills by themselves.(C) read carefully their bills.(D)avoid paying others bills.5 As long as people have looked up at the night sky, they hav
14、e wondered whether humanity is alone in the universe. Of places close enough for people to visit, Mars is the only one that anybody seriously thinks might support life. The recent confirmation of a five-year-old finding that there is methane(a colorless gas with no smell)in the Martian atmosphere ha
15、s therefore excited the hopes of those scientists who study the outer space. These sources are probably geological but they might, just, prove to be biological.The possibility of life on Mars is too thrilling for mankind to ignore. But how should we explore such questionswith men, or machines? Georg
16、e Bushs administration strongly supported manned exploration, but the new administration is likely to have different prioritiesand so it should.Michael Griffin, the boss of NASA, a physicist and aerospace engineer who supported Mr. Bushs plan to return to the moon and then push on to Mars, has gone.
17、 Mr. Obamas transition team had already been asking difficult questions of NASA, in particular about the cost of scrapping parts of the successor to the ageing and old-fashioned space shuttles that now form Americas manned space program. That successor system is also designed to return humans to the
18、 moon by 2020, as a stepping stone to visiting Mars. Meanwhile, Mr. Obamas administration is wondering about spending more money on lots of new satellites designed to look down at the Earth, rather than outward into space.These are sensible priorities. In space travel, as in politics, domestic polic
19、y should usually by far outweigh foreign adventures. Moreover, cash is short and space travel costly. Yet it would be a shame if man were to give up exploring celestial bodies, especially if there is a possibility of meeting life forms even ones as lowly as microbesas a result.Luckily, technology me
20、ans that man can explore both the moon and Mars more fully without going there himself. Robots are better and cheaper than they have ever been. They can work tirelessly for years, beaming back data and images, and returning samples to Earth. They can also be made germless, which germ-infected humans
21、, who risk spreading disease around the solar system, cannot.Humanity, some will argue, is driven by a yearning to boldly go to places far beyond its crowded corner of the universe. If so, private efforts will surely carry people into space. In the meantime, Mr. Obamas promise in his inauguration sp
22、eech to “restore science to its rightful place“ sounds like good news for the sort of curiosity-driven research that will allow us to find out whether those columns of methane are signs of life.6 According to the first paragraph, men want to explore Mars because they(A)have found columns of gas in t
23、he Martian atmosphere.(B) think it is the nearest place for men to go in the universe.(C) are convinced that Mars have something biological.(D)want to figure out whether there is life beyond earth.7 To which of the following statements would Mr. Obamas administration most likely agree?(A)The cost of
24、 manned space program is overestimated by Bushs administration.(B) The successor system should be updated and act as a stepping stone to Mars.(C) Spending money on satellites travelling around the Earth sounds more realistic.(D)Americas manned space program has to proceed to explore life possibiliti
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