[考研类试卷]考研英语(知识运用)模拟试卷24及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(知识运用)模拟试卷 24 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or
2、 on society as the major contributing influence. Theories【C1】_on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior【C2】_they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through【C3 】_with others. Theories focusing on the role of soci
3、ety suggest that children commit crimes in【C4 】_to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,【C5 】_as a rejection of middle, class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 【C6】_the fact that children from wealthy homes also commi
4、t crimes. The latter may commit crimes【C7】_lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C8 】_to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C9】_juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that【C10】_to fewer job opportunities for youth and
5、 rising unemployment【C11】_make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【C12】_lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also【C13 】_changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents;【C14】_, children are li
6、kely to have less supervision at home【C15 】_was common in the traditional family【 C16】_. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other【C17】_causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased【C18 】_of drugs and alcohol, an
7、d the growing【C19】_of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【C20】_a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1 【C1 】(A)acting(B) relying(C) centering(D)commenting2 【C2 】(A)before(B) unless(C) until(D)b
8、ecause3 【C3 】(A)interaction(B) assimilation(C) cooperation(D)consultation4 【C4 】(A)return(B) reply(C) reference(D)response5 【C5 】(A)or(B) but rather(C) but(D)or else6 【C6 】(A)considering(B) ignoring(C) highlighting(D)discarding7 【C7 】(A)on(B) in(C) for(D)with8 【C8 】(A)immune(B) resistant(C) sensitiv
9、e(D)subject9 【C9 】(A)affect(B) reduce(C) check(D)reflect10 【C10 】(A)point(B) lead(C) come(D)amount11 【C11 】(A)in general(B) on average(C) by contrast(D)at length12 【C12 】(A)case(B) short(C) turn(D)essence13 【C13 】(A)survived(B) noticed(C) undertaken(D)experienced14 【C14 】(A)contrarily(B) consequentl
10、y(C) similarly(D)simultaneously15 【C15 】(A)than(B) that(C) which(D)as16 【C16 】(A)system(B) structure(C) concept(D)heritage17 【C17 】(A)assessable(B) identifiable(C) negligible(D)incredible18 【C18 】(A)expense(B) restriction(C) allocation(D)availability19 【C19 】(A)incidence(B) awareness(C) exposure(D)p
11、opularity20 【C20 】(A)provided(B) since(C) although(D)supposing20 Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are.【C1】_the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmers piece in the “Science Times“ on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the avera
12、ge fruit fly【C2 】_to live shorter lives. This suggests that【C3】_bulbs burn longer, that there is an【C4】_in not being too terrifically bright.Intelligence, it【C5】_, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow【C6】_the starting line because it depends on learninga gradual
13、【C7】_ instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to【C8】_.Is there an adaptive value to【C9】_intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research.I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance【C10】_at all the species wev
14、e left in the dust I. Q. wise, it implicitly asks what the real【C11】_of our own intelligence might be. This is【C12】_the mind of every animal Ive ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would【C13 】_on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owne
15、r, 【C14 】_, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning, we believe that【C15】_animals ran the labs, they would test us to【C16】_the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really【C17】_, not merely how much of
16、 it there is,【C18】_, they would hope to study a【C19 】_question. Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?【C20】_the results are inconclusive.21 【C1 】(A)Suppose(B) Consider(C) Observe(D)Imagine22 【C2 】(A)tended(B) feared(C) happened(D)threatened23 【C3 】(A)thinner(B) stabler(C) lighter(D)dim
17、mer24 【C4 】(A)tendency(B) advantage(C) inclination(D)priority25 【C5 】(A)insists on(B) sums up(C) turns out(D)puts forward26 【C6 】(A)off(B) behind(C) over(D)along27 【C7 】(A)incredible(B) spontaneous(C) inevitable(D)gradual28 【C8 】(A)fight(B) doubt(C) stop(D)think29 【C9 】(A)invisible(B) limited(C) ind
18、efinite(D)different30 【C10 】(A)upward(B) forward(C) afterward(D)backward31 【C11 】(A)features(B) influences(C) results(D)costs32 【C12 】(A)outside(B) on(C) by(D)across33 【C13 】(A)deliver(B) carry(C) perform(D)apply34 【C14 】(A)by chance(B) in contrast(C) as usual(D)for instance35 【C15 】(A)if(B) unless(
19、C) as(D)lest36 【C16 】(A)moderate(B) overcome(C) determine(D)reach37 【C17 】(A)at(B) for(C) after(D)with38 【C18 】(A)Above all(B) After all(C) However(D)Otherwise39 【C19 】(A)fundamental(B) comprehensive(C) equivalent(D)hostile40 【C20 】(A)By accident(B) In time(C) So far(D)Better still考研英语(知识运用)模拟试卷 24
20、答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 【知识模块】 知识运用1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本题要求判断空格处应填入什么分词与 on 搭配,构成分词短语。从结构上看,文章第一段由三个平行结构的长句子构成,其主要结构为 Many theories concerningfocuson;Theorieson the individual
21、suggest that:Theories focusing on the role of societysuggest that。三个句子的主语都是theories,并都接有分词作定语。因此空格处填入的分词应和前一句中的concerning、后一句中的 focusing on 遥相呼应,都表示关于的理论的含义,从文意方面看,第一句话总述到,关于(concerning)青少年犯罪缘由的理论集中研究两个方面,即个人因素和社会因素。第二句强调个人因素的理论。第三句强调(fo-cusing on)社会因素的理论。能表达出集中强调含义的分词短语只有 centering on。【知识模块】 知识运用2
22、【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题要求判断空格处应填入什么连词。首先,从结构上看,本题的空格在一个由 that 引导的宾语从句中:Theories suggest that。该从句含有两个完整的分句:childrenengage in criminal behavior 和 they were not sufficiently penalized。考生关键要判断出这两个在空格前后的分句之间是什么逻辑关系。其次,根据文意,强调个人因素的理论把犯罪归结于个人原因,按照其观点,儿童以前的不良行为没有及时地受到惩处就是儿童犯罪的原因之一,两者之间是因果关系。选项中只有连词 because 表因果,因此
23、是正确答案。【知识模块】 知识运用3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题要求判断空格处应填入什么名词,与 with others 搭配构成名词短语作 through 的介词宾语。首先排除 assimilation,它不能与 with 搭配。空格所在的分句是 they havelearned criminal behavior through_with others,其中介词 through 表明和其他人的是孩子们学会犯罪的途径或方式。考生接下来要判断选项中哪个名词短语可以表示出一种学会犯罪的途径或方式。显然,只有interaction with others 符合,意为和他人的相互影响,即受到
24、坏人的影响(而学会了犯罪)。注意 cooperation with 多为褒义,而且也不能说是 “通过合作”来学会犯罪。【知识模块】 知识运用4 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题要求判断选项中哪个能与 into 构成短语并符合文意。首先排除 return,因为它只与介词 for 搭配,构成短语 in return for.其次,空格所在长句意为(强调社会角色的) 理论认为,孩子们犯罪是他们自己没有成功地超越现有的社会经济地位的_,根据句意,可先排除 C 项 in reference to,因为它表示关于,就而言,填入空格后明显语意不通。最后对 in reply to 和 in response
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- 考研 试卷 英语 知识 运用 模拟 24 答案 解析 DOC
